本文關(guān)鍵詞： 語言變異 “我”和“咱” 整體情況 差異性 變異原因　出處：《沈陽師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：沈陽市居民在“我”和“咱”的使用上呈現(xiàn)出一定的地域特色，如和同學(xué)、朋友之間談及父母、男女朋友、非共同的朋友時使用“咱爸、咱媽”“咱對象”“咱朋友”，而親兄弟姐妹之間談及父母時會使用讓人感覺非嫡親關(guān)系之間使用的“我爸、我媽”等。 本文在社會語言學(xué)語言變異理論的指導(dǎo)下，采用觀察法、訪談法和問卷調(diào)查法相結(jié)合的方式，對沈陽市居民“我”和“咱”這一帶有一定地域特點的語言變異項目進行了調(diào)查研究。 本文共分四章。第一章主要是對沈陽市居民“我”和“咱”的客觀使用和主觀認識的總體情況的分析。調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，沈陽市居民親兄弟姐妹之間和熟悉的朋友之間在“我”和“咱”的使用上呈現(xiàn)出與普通話不同或是相反的情況；在“我”和“咱”是否有區(qū)別以及二者的區(qū)分必要性的認識上大部分人認為有區(qū)別、也有必要區(qū)別，呈現(xiàn)出語言使用和語言認識相矛盾的狀態(tài)。 第二章主要是結(jié)合性別、年齡、職業(yè)、受教育程度和居住時間等社會變量，對沈陽市居民“我”和“咱”的使用差異情況進行了分析。研究表明，受教育程度和居住時間與沈陽市居民“我”和“咱”的使用情況聯(lián)系緊密，即初中以下受教育程度的沈陽市居民“我”和“咱”的使用情況與普通話差異較大；一直在沈陽市居住的居民對“我”和“咱”的使用情況與普通話差異也較大。 第三章是對沈陽市居民“我”和“咱”使用呈現(xiàn)特色的原因作了進一步分析。沈陽市居民熟悉朋友之間談及非共同的朋友時使用“咱朋友”等，有用“咱”在某種情況下可以拉近二者距離的心理等原因在起作用；沈陽市居民出現(xiàn)“咱”用作“我”、“我”和“咱”相混淆的情況，和少數(shù)民族語言的影響、沈陽市居民對“我”和“咱”的區(qū)分必要性認識程度不高以及方言情結(jié)等有不同程度的關(guān)聯(lián)。 第四章是結(jié)論與思考。這一部分總結(jié)了前三章的分析，，在此基礎(chǔ)上做了一些思考，一是聯(lián)系社會語言學(xué)言語社區(qū)理論，論證了一直在沈陽市居住的居民在“我”和“咱”這一語言項目上構(gòu)成了一個言語社區(qū)；二是對整個的研究過程中存在的問題等做了進一步的反思。
[Abstract]:Shenyang residents in the use of "I" and "I" show certain regional characteristics, such as with classmates, friends when talking about parents, male and female friends, non-common friends use "my father," My mother "my date" "my friend", and brothers and sisters talk about their parents using "my father, my mother" when talking about their parents. Under the guidance of sociolinguistic linguistic variation theory, this paper adopts the methods of observation, interview and questionnaire. This paper investigates and studies the language variation items of Shenyang residents'"I" and "Zang" which have certain regional characteristics. This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is mainly about the analysis of the objective use and subjective understanding of the "I" and "Zang" of the residents of Shenyang. The use of "I" and "I" between the relatives and sisters of Shenyang residents and their familiar friends is different or opposite from that of Putonghua. Most people think that there is a difference between "I" and "I" and the necessity of the distinction between them, showing a state of contradiction between language use and language understanding. The second chapter mainly analyzes the difference of the use of "I" and "Zang" between the residents of Shenyang, combining the social variables such as sex, age, occupation, education level and residence time. The educational level and residence time are closely related to the use of "I" and "Zang" of Shenyang residents, that is, the use of "I" and "Zan" of Shenyang residents with education level below junior middle school is quite different from that of Putonghua. The use of "I" and "Zang" by residents living in Shenyang is also different from that of Putonghua. The third chapter is a further analysis of the reasons for the use of "I" and "I" by Shenyang residents, who are familiar with friends and use "our friends" when talking about non-common friends. In some cases, the psychological factors that can bring the two closer together are at work; the confusion between "I" and "I" and the influence of minority languages occurs in Shenyang residents, "I" is used as "I", "I" and "I" are confused with "I", "I" and "I" are confused with the influence of minority languages, The residents of Shenyang do not have a high degree of understanding of the necessity of "I" and "Zang", as well as dialectal complex, and so on. Chapter 4th is the conclusion and thinking. This part summarizes the analysis of the first three chapters, and makes some thoughts on the basis of which, one is to connect with the sociolinguistic speech community theory. This paper demonstrates that the residents who have been living in Shenyang have formed a speech community on the language items of "I" and "Zang", and the second is to make further reflection on the problems existing in the whole research process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H136

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