發(fā)布時間：2018-02-14 22:10

  本文關鍵詞： 被動語態(tài) 漢語 法語 對比研究　出處：《山西大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：被動語態(tài)是在日常生活用語和書面表達中常出現(xiàn)的一種語法現(xiàn)象。它也是漢語和法語共有的語言現(xiàn)象。隨著認知語言學和對比語言學的發(fā)展和深入研究,國內(nèi)外許多語言學家對被動語態(tài)進行了研究和分析。深入和正確的研究漢法被動語態(tài)的相似和不同之處,有利于我們更好的掌握語言。本文將在對比語言學和認知語言學的理論基礎上,從句法和語義兩方面來分析漢語和法語被動語態(tài)的相似之處和不同之處。本文分為六章： 第一章介紹了被動語態(tài)的發(fā)展和研究現(xiàn)狀,以及存在的問題,并對全文的寫作目的、論題作了簡要的介紹。 第二章介紹了認知語言學和對比語言學理論。首先,本章介紹了所使用的認知語言學理論,包括原型理論和理想化認知模式。然后對被動語態(tài)的兩個屬性升級降級和客體受動性做了分析。 第三章對被動語態(tài)的概念進行了介紹。并分別介紹了漢語被動語態(tài)和法語被動語態(tài)的形式和特點。 筆者認為雖然漢語和法語形式和使用差別很大,但它們的被動語態(tài)句法構(gòu)成時,都會遵循升級降級和主語受動性原則。因此,第四章以喬姆斯基的原則和參數(shù)理論為基礎,從句法方面對漢法被動句中的主語、謂語動詞和引導施動者的介詞的功能和地位做了比較。 第五章從語義和語用角度對漢法被動語態(tài)進行了分析。漢語的被動語態(tài)時常用來表達不好的事情和不希望發(fā)生的事情,而法國人更喜歡用主動語態(tài)表達被動的意義。 第六章對全文進行了總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Passive voice is a grammatical phenomenon that often occurs in daily life and written expressions. It is also a common linguistic phenomenon in Chinese and French. With the development and in-depth study of cognitive linguistics and contrastive linguistics, Many linguists at home and abroad have studied and analyzed passive voice. This paper will analyze the similarities and differences between Chinese and French passive voice from syntactic and semantic aspects on the basis of contrastive linguistics and cognitive linguistics. The first chapter introduces the development and research status of passive voice, as well as the existing problems, and gives a brief introduction to the purpose of the full text. Chapter two introduces the theories of cognitive linguistics and contrastive linguistics. It includes prototype theory and idealized cognitive model, and then analyzes two attributes upgrade and demotion of passive voice and object passivity. The third chapter introduces the concept of passive voice, and introduces the forms and characteristics of Chinese passive voice and French passive voice. The author thinks that although the form and use of Chinese and French are quite different, their passive voice syntactic structure will follow the principles of upgrade, demotion and subject activeness. Therefore, Chapter 4th is based on Chomsky's principle and parameter theory. This paper compares the function and position of the subject, the predicate verb and the preposition of the lead executor in Chinese and French passive sentences from the syntactic point of view. Chapter 5th analyzes Chinese and French passive voice from semantic and pragmatic perspectives. Chinese passive voice is often used to express bad things and things that do not want to happen, while the French prefer to use active voice to express passive meaning. Chapter 6th summarizes the full text.
【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146;H32

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本文編號：1511736