本文選題：言語幽默 + 關(guān)聯(lián)理論��； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：幽默話語詼諧,有趣,折射出人們的智慧和人生態(tài)度。長時(shí)間以來,不同的學(xué)者從不同的領(lǐng)域?qū)τ哪隽舜罅康难芯俊＿@些研究大都集中探討“幽默的本質(zhì)是什么”。然而,近年來,隨著語言學(xué)理論的興起、發(fā)展和壯大,尤其是語用學(xué)的逐漸成熟,我們今天對幽默的研究有了更寬的視野和更新的角度。趙本山的小品具有濃厚的鄉(xiāng)土氣息,語言風(fēng)趣幽默,特點(diǎn)鮮明。但是目前對趙本山小品的研究僅僅停留在對其語言風(fēng)格的分析和評述上面,而較少運(yùn)用語言學(xué)的理論。本文試圖以Sperber和Wilson提出的關(guān)聯(lián)理論為框架,對趙本山小品中的幽默語言進(jìn)行分析研究。 按照關(guān)聯(lián)理論,尋求最佳關(guān)聯(lián)的理解包括對言語幽默的處理和幽默效果的獲得。由于在言語幽默中最大關(guān)聯(lián)與最佳關(guān)聯(lián)分別指向不同的交際意義,因此可以說,言語幽默來自于最大關(guān)聯(lián)與最佳關(guān)聯(lián)之間的意義反差。在言語幽默中,幽默發(fā)出者為了達(dá)到特殊的幽默效果,總是會使用一定的幽默策略,然后運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的語言手段使幽默理解者獲得全面的認(rèn)知愉悅效果。 運(yùn)用這一基本概念,本文首先從詞源學(xué)的角度解釋了幽默一詞的發(fā)展歷史,介紹了語言學(xué)和語用學(xué)在幽默研究中的理論成果。指出關(guān)聯(lián)理論在幽默研究方面受到了突出重視。其次,本文介紹了關(guān)聯(lián)理論的主要觀點(diǎn),包括關(guān)聯(lián)的定義,語境的概念,關(guān)聯(lián)原則以及關(guān)聯(lián)理論框架下的言語理解過程。最后筆者闡述了關(guān)聯(lián)理論與幽默之間的關(guān)系。然后,本文以趙本山小品中的幽默語言為語料,運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)理論的觀點(diǎn)從兩個(gè)方面具體分析了趙本山小品中言語幽默的幽默策略。筆者認(rèn)為,改變聽話者的認(rèn)知環(huán)境是幽默效果產(chǎn)生的策略之一,將隱含的話語解釋轉(zhuǎn)化成最佳關(guān)聯(lián)解釋是幽默產(chǎn)生的另一策略。在語料分析的基礎(chǔ)上,筆者總結(jié)了趙本山在實(shí)現(xiàn)這些策略時(shí)運(yùn)用的語言手段。 通過對趙本山小品中經(jīng)典幽默語言的分析,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)聯(lián)理論在解讀趙本山小品的言語幽默方面具有很強(qiáng)的適用性。
[Abstract]:Humorous words are witty and interesting, reflecting people's wisdom and attitude towards life. For a long time, different scholars have done a lot of research on humor from different fields. Most of these studies focus on "what is the essence of humor". However, in recent years, with the rise and development of linguistic theories, especially the maturation of pragmatics, we have a wider perspective and a renewed perspective on humor today. Zhao Benshan's sketch has a strong local flavor, language humor, distinctive characteristics. But at present, the study of Zhao Benshan's essay only focuses on the analysis and comment of his language style, and seldom uses the linguistic theory. Based on the relevance theory proposed by Sperber and Wilson, this paper attempts to analyze the humorous language in Zhao Benshan's essays. According to relevance theory, the understanding of seeking the best relevance includes the processing of verbal humor and the acquisition of humorous effects. Since the maximum relevance and the best relevance point to different communicative meanings in verbal humor, it can be said that verbal humor comes from the contrast of meaning between the maximum relevance and the best relevance. In verbal humor, in order to achieve a special humorous effect, the humorist will always use a certain humorous strategy, and then use the corresponding language means to make the humorist achieve a comprehensive cognitive pleasure effect. Using this basic concept, this paper first explains the history of the word humor from the perspective of etymology, and introduces the theoretical achievements of linguistics and pragmatics in the study of humor. It is pointed out that relevance theory has received great attention in humor research. Secondly, this paper introduces the main viewpoints of relevance theory, including the definition of relevance, the concept of context, the principle of relevance and the process of speech comprehension under the framework of relevance theory. Finally, the author expounds the relationship between relevance theory and humor. Then, using the humorous language in Zhao Benshan's essay as the corpus, this paper analyzes the humorous strategies of the verbal humor in the essay from two aspects by using the theory of relevance. The author holds that changing the cognitive environment of the hearer is one of the strategies to produce the humorous effect, and that it is another strategy to transform the implied utterance into the best relevance explanation. On the basis of corpus analysis, the author summarizes the linguistic means used by Zhao Benshan in realizing these strategies. Through the analysis of the classical humorous language in Zhao Benshan's essay, the author finds that relevance theory has a strong applicability in interpreting the verbal humor of Zhao Benshan skit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：J827;H13

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