【摘要】：石黑一雄是一位杰出的日裔英國作家，他的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作一直致力于探討和書寫國際題材，關(guān)注生活在不同文化背景下人們的生存困境和精神狀態(tài)，追求文學(xué)作品的普世價值�！秳e讓我走》是石黑一雄的最新力作，發(fā)表于2005年，并于當(dāng)年獲得了英國文學(xué)界最重要的獎項(xiàng)“布克獎”的提名。此外，《時代》雜志也把該小說列為“自1925年至2005年最優(yōu)秀的英語小說”之一。在這本小說中，石黑一雄借用克隆人的存在狀態(tài)和生活方式作為隱喻，來拷問人類、尤其是社會中邊緣化群體存在的價值和意義。本文采用薩特存在主義中有關(guān)“自由選擇和處境”、“積極地介入生活”和“自我的超越”等觀點(diǎn)，對小說中克隆人這一群體的存在困境和精神狀態(tài)進(jìn)行深入分析，以期對生活在現(xiàn)代社會中的人們認(rèn)識自我、更坦然地應(yīng)對人生中無可避免的精神困境和挫折提供一定的借鑒意義。 本文共分為三大部分：引言、正文和結(jié)語。 在引言部分，作者介紹了石黑一雄主要的文學(xué)成就和寫作風(fēng)格，《別讓我走》的主要內(nèi)容以及國內(nèi)外對該小說的研究現(xiàn)狀。 正文部分共分為四個章節(jié)。 第一章介紹了薩特存在主義理論的基本觀點(diǎn)：世界的荒謬性、存在先于本質(zhì)、自由選擇和人們做出自由選擇時所要面臨的五大困境、責(zé)任以及自我的超越性。 第二章分析小說中主人公所面臨的兩大生存困境，即疏離的人際關(guān)系和無法逃脫的死亡的宿命。克隆人自由選擇的權(quán)利時刻受到這兩大困境的制約。他們渴望人間溫情，得到的卻是別人的冷漠和輕蔑；他們渴望像正常人那樣活得更為長久，死亡卻像一個巨大的鬼魅時刻如影隨形。 第三章解讀三個主人公在這些生存困境下的心理狀態(tài)。面對人類的漠視，他們感受到的是無以言說的孤獨(dú)；面對死亡的宿命，他們極為焦慮和惶恐。 第四章主要探討克隆人對這些困境的超越。他們主要通過兩種方式實(shí)現(xiàn)了對困境的超越，即現(xiàn)實(shí)意義上的超越和精神層面的超越。他們雖然生活在這些困境中，但并沒有屈服和自甘墮落，而是積極地介入生活，與命運(yùn)抗?fàn)�，最終超越了困境，超越了自我。 基于正文部分的分析，作者得出結(jié)論：在《別讓我走》這部小說中，石黑一雄通過對克隆人生活的描述，表現(xiàn)了對生活在物欲橫流的現(xiàn)代社會中的人們生存困境和精神世界的關(guān)注。人類也應(yīng)該像克隆人那樣，，抱一份樂觀隱忍的態(tài)度，坦然地接受人生中那些客觀存在的外部困境和精神困境，積極地去做出人生選擇，最大限度地實(shí)現(xiàn)有限的人生中蘊(yùn)藏的無限的生命意義。人生是一個永遠(yuǎn)也無法走出的困境，但正是在困境中的自強(qiáng)不息，體現(xiàn)了存在的價值和意義。
[Abstract]:Ishihiro is an outstanding British writer of Japanese descent. His literary creation has been devoted to exploring and writing international themes, focusing on the living plight and spiritual state of people living in different cultural backgrounds. Pursue the universal value of literature. "Don't let me go" is Ishiki's latest masterpiece, published in 2005 and nominated for the most important British literary award, the Booker Prize. In addition, time magazine listed the novel as one of the best English novels from 1925 to 2005. In this novel, Ishihiro uses the existence and lifestyle of cloned human beings as metaphors to question the value and significance of the existence of human beings, especially the marginalized groups in society. Based on the views of Sartre existentialism about "free choice and situation", "active involvement in life" and "transcendence of self", this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the plight and mental state of the colony of human cloning in the novel. The purpose is to provide some reference for people living in modern society to understand themselves and to deal with the inevitable spiritual difficulties and setbacks in life more frankly. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. In the introduction, the author introduces the main literary achievements and writing styles of Ishihiro, the main contents of Don't let me go, and the current research situation of the novel at home and abroad. The text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter introduces the basic viewpoints of Sartre's existentialism: the absurdity of the world, the existence before the essence, the five predicaments of free choice and people's free choice, the responsibility and the transcendence of self. The second chapter analyzes the two major existential dilemmas faced by the protagonist in the novel, that is, the alienated interpersonal relationship and the inevitable fate of death. The right of human cloning to choose freely is always restricted by these two dilemmas. They longed for human kindness, but received the indifference and contempt of others; they longed to live longer as normal men, and to die like a great ghost moment. The third chapter interprets the psychological state of the three protagonists in these plight. In the face of human indifference, they feel unspeakable loneliness, facing the fate of death, they are extremely anxious and frightened. Chapter four mainly discusses the transcendence of human cloning to these dilemmas. They transcend the predicament mainly in two ways, that is, the transcendence in the realistic sense and in the spiritual level. Although they live in these difficulties, they do not give in and fall, but actively intervene in life, struggle with fate, and finally transcend the predicament and transcend themselves. Based on the analysis of the text, the author concludes that in "Don't let me go," Ishihiro describes the life of a human clone by describing it. It shows the concern of people's living predicament and spiritual world in the modern society. Human beings should also adopt an optimistic and tolerant attitude, accept the external and spiritual dilemmas that exist objectively in life, and actively make life choices, just like cloning human beings. To maximize the realization of the limitless meaning of life contained in life. Life is a dilemma that can never be out of, but it is in the predicament that self-improvement reflects the value and significance of existence.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：I561.074

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