《魯濱遜漂流記》中的后殖民主義因素
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-19 07:35
【摘要】：英國作家丹尼爾·笛福于1719年,五十九歲高齡時發(fā)表的第一部長篇小說——《魯濱遜漂流記》,為自己博奪了英國和歐洲文學之父的美譽�！遏敒I遜漂流記》被譽為英國第一部真正意義上的小說,是現(xiàn)實主義小說的奠基之作。小說發(fā)表至今近四百年的時間,一直受到學界的關注,不同時期和不同國度的學者,從不同的維度和立場對這部小說進行解讀和重構,其中有貶有褒。 二十世紀七十年代末,后殖民主義理論先驅薩義德發(fā)表了他的第一部后殖民主義專著——《東方學》,根據(jù)薩義德的梳理,東方學包括三種意義：一是學術研究的一種學科。二是一種思維方式,這種思維方式建立在東方與西方的二元區(qū)分的基礎上。三是從歷史和物質的角度進行界定的,主要指18世紀以來,西方通過對東方的描述、教授、殖民、統(tǒng)治等方式來處理東方的一種機制,也就是西方用以控制、重建和君臨東方的一種方式。東方學的問世,為當代學者對這部經(jīng)典作品的解讀提供了新的視角。本文以后殖民主義的視角,對《魯賓遜漂流記》的主人公——魯濱遜在歷險過程中,自我身份的構建、對他者及他者文化的態(tài)度、對他者的文化滲透和荒島帝國構建過程中的暴力與文化二元結合的手段進行剖析,發(fā)掘主人公的歐洲中心主義和文化霸權思想；通過文本解讀反窺作者笛福本人的文化觀——歐洲至上和白人至上的價值取向以及作者為西方海外殖民推波助瀾的用心。同時,以后殖民主義視閾來解讀《魯濱遜漂流記》這部經(jīng)典,對我們現(xiàn)實的啟發(fā)是,了解西方的殖民本質,在當今“世界一體化”的大潮中,應更加地珍視和維護自身的文化,增強主體意識,徹底清除殖民主義文化的陰霾。
[Abstract]:English writer Daniel Defoe in 1719, The first novel published at the age of 59, Robinson Crusoe, earned himself a reputation as the father of English and European literature. Robinson Crusoe was hailed as the first true novel in Britain. It is the foundation of realistic novels. For nearly four hundred years since the novel was published, scholars in different periods and different countries have been paying close attention to it. Scholars in different periods and countries have interpreted and reconstructed the novel from different dimensions and positions. In the late 1970s, the pioneer of postcolonial theory, said, published his first monograph of post colonialism, Orientalism. According to said's combing, Orientalism includes three meanings: one is a discipline of academic research. The second is a mode of thinking, which is based on the dualistic distinction between the East and the West. Third, it is defined from the historical and material point of view. It mainly refers to a mechanism used by the West to control the East through the description, teaching, colonization and domination of the East since the 18th century. A way of rebuilding and visiting the East. The advent of Orientalism provides a new perspective for contemporary scholars to interpret this classic work. From the perspective of colonialism, this paper discusses the construction of self identity and attitude towards the other and his culture in Robinson Crusoe, the protagonist of Robinson Crusoe, in the course of the adventure. This paper analyzes the means of the combination of violence and cultural duality in the process of the cultural infiltration of the other and the establishment of the desert island empire, and explores the protagonists' thoughts of Europe-centrism and cultural hegemony. Through the interpretation of the text, the author's own cultural view, the European supremacy and the white supremacy, and the author's intention to promote the western colonization abroad are analyzed. At the same time, to interpret the classic Robinson Crusoe from the perspective of colonialism, the inspiration to our reality is to understand the colonial nature of the West and to cherish and safeguard our own culture more in the current tide of "world integration". Strengthen the consciousness of the subject and thoroughly eliminate the haze of colonial culture.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I561.074
本文編號：2249465
[Abstract]:English writer Daniel Defoe in 1719, The first novel published at the age of 59, Robinson Crusoe, earned himself a reputation as the father of English and European literature. Robinson Crusoe was hailed as the first true novel in Britain. It is the foundation of realistic novels. For nearly four hundred years since the novel was published, scholars in different periods and different countries have been paying close attention to it. Scholars in different periods and countries have interpreted and reconstructed the novel from different dimensions and positions. In the late 1970s, the pioneer of postcolonial theory, said, published his first monograph of post colonialism, Orientalism. According to said's combing, Orientalism includes three meanings: one is a discipline of academic research. The second is a mode of thinking, which is based on the dualistic distinction between the East and the West. Third, it is defined from the historical and material point of view. It mainly refers to a mechanism used by the West to control the East through the description, teaching, colonization and domination of the East since the 18th century. A way of rebuilding and visiting the East. The advent of Orientalism provides a new perspective for contemporary scholars to interpret this classic work. From the perspective of colonialism, this paper discusses the construction of self identity and attitude towards the other and his culture in Robinson Crusoe, the protagonist of Robinson Crusoe, in the course of the adventure. This paper analyzes the means of the combination of violence and cultural duality in the process of the cultural infiltration of the other and the establishment of the desert island empire, and explores the protagonists' thoughts of Europe-centrism and cultural hegemony. Through the interpretation of the text, the author's own cultural view, the European supremacy and the white supremacy, and the author's intention to promote the western colonization abroad are analyzed. At the same time, to interpret the classic Robinson Crusoe from the perspective of colonialism, the inspiration to our reality is to understand the colonial nature of the West and to cherish and safeguard our own culture more in the current tide of "world integration". Strengthen the consciousness of the subject and thoroughly eliminate the haze of colonial culture.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I561.074
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