【摘要】：作為英國(guó)二十世紀(jì)初最重要的作家之一,同時(shí)也是最富有爭(zhēng)議的作家,戴·赫·勞倫斯(1885-1930)是一位多面手：小說家、詩人、散文家、戲劇家、評(píng)論家、翻譯家和畫家。對(duì)兩性關(guān)系的探討,對(duì)資本主義工業(yè)文明壓抑人性的無情批判一直是勞倫斯創(chuàng)作的重點(diǎn)。勞倫斯一直致力于激活人的肉體、本能、血性等被工業(yè)文明壓抑的生命沖動(dòng)。但是這樣一位天才的藝術(shù)之旅卻充滿坎坷。勞倫斯作品頗受詬病,屢遭查禁。幸運(yùn)的是,在勞倫斯死后的三十年間,評(píng)論界對(duì)他作品的評(píng)價(jià)發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。他的小說瞬間廣為流傳,成為英國(guó)乃至世界文學(xué)的寵兒。總的來說,他作為小說家的成就最大,最使人心悅誠(chéng)服。但他的短篇小說卻一直被忽視。而實(shí)際上,勞倫斯的短篇小說由于篇幅的限制,文章主題鮮明,沖突集中,近年來,反而被認(rèn)為是勞倫斯最優(yōu)秀、最出色的作品。有鑒于此,筆者跳出以往只專注于勞倫斯長(zhǎng)篇小說和部分著名詩歌的研究,而將視線集中在了勞倫斯的短篇小說上,特別是其短篇小說表現(xiàn)的原始主義思想,這將有助于對(duì)勞倫斯及其短篇作品產(chǎn)生新的、更深的認(rèn)識(shí)。 本文選取了勞倫斯原始主義思想表現(xiàn)最為突出的三部短篇小說,《騎馬出走的女人》、《公主》以及《死去的人》,通過文本細(xì)讀的方式,分析其中蘊(yùn)含的深刻的原始主義思想。論文一共分為五章,第一章和第五章分別為概述和總結(jié)。第 一章簡(jiǎn)介原始主義思想、勞倫斯生平及遴選的三部短篇小說。提供了國(guó)內(nèi)外勞倫斯小說的文獻(xiàn)綜述,并且對(duì)本論文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)、研究意義和整體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了梳理。第五章是對(duì)整篇論文研究成果的總結(jié)。 在主體部分,本文作者先對(duì)作品中蘊(yùn)含的原始主義思想做出了細(xì)致的分析分類,概括出原始主義思想主要表現(xiàn)在以下五個(gè)方面：對(duì)旺盛生命力的呼喚、對(duì)無意識(shí)領(lǐng)域的凸顯、對(duì)自然的回歸、對(duì)神話的回歸以及對(duì)原始文化的回歸。 隨后,筆者對(duì)這種原始主義思想出現(xiàn)的原因進(jìn)行了多方面的探究。原因主要包括個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、弗洛伊德理論對(duì)他的影響和社會(huì)原因以及田園傳統(tǒng)三個(gè)方面。個(gè)人原因包括勞倫斯與父母,杰西以及弗里達(dá)的關(guān)系,還有他贏弱的體質(zhì)對(duì)他的影響。父母關(guān)系的失衡對(duì)勞倫斯心理的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了不可磨滅的作用；同時(shí)他與杰西和弗里達(dá)的愛情對(duì)他的影響也是不可忽視的。勞倫斯從小飽受疾病的困擾,時(shí)時(shí)受到死亡的威脅,這讓他感到生命的可貴,對(duì)旺盛生命力的渴求也要比健康人更加強(qiáng)烈。弗洛伊德的學(xué)說對(duì)他的創(chuàng)作思想也產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。另外,作家的創(chuàng)作離不開大的社會(huì)背景和英國(guó)源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)的田園傳統(tǒng),因此勞倫斯作品中散發(fā)的回歸自然的渴望與當(dāng)時(shí)迅速發(fā)展的工業(yè)社會(huì)對(duì)人性的壓抑有密不可分的關(guān)系。 最后,筆者試著對(duì)勞倫斯作品中濃厚的原始主義思想做辯證的一分為二的分析。將原始與現(xiàn)代的沖突放回到現(xiàn)實(shí)文明的背景中,揭示其存在的合理性和思想的局限性。勞倫斯抓住工業(yè)文明的根本缺陷——使人社會(huì)化和機(jī)械化,從原始文明中尋找生命的激情,用以對(duì)抗腐朽、衰敗的西方工業(yè)文明,具有進(jìn)步意義。但是勞倫斯否定了全部工業(yè)文明,并且過度強(qiáng)調(diào)性的主導(dǎo)作用,對(duì)傳統(tǒng)婚姻道德價(jià)值觀是一種挑戰(zhàn),有其局限性。
[Abstract]:As one of the most important writers in the early twentieth Century and the most controversial writer in the early twentieth Century, Day Beh Laurence (1885-1930) is a versatile: novelist, poet, essayist, dramatist, critic, translator and painter. The discussion of the relationship between the sexes and the merciless criticism of the capitalist industrial civilization to suppress human nature has been all the time. The focus of his creation. Laurence has been devoted to activating human body, instinct, and courage to be suppressed by industrial civilization. But the artistic journey of a genius is full of frustrations. Laurence's works are criticized and repeatedly banned. Luckily, in the thirty years after Laurence's death, the commentaries' evaluation of his works occurred. His novels are widely spread and become the favorite of English and world literature in a flash. In general, he has been the greatest and most pleasant novelist. But his short stories have been neglected. In fact, Laurence's short stories are limited by the length of the text, the theme of the article, the concentration of conflict, and the close. Over the years, it has been considered to be Laurence's best and most excellent work. In the light of this, I jump out of the previous studies that focus on Laurence's novels and some of the famous poems, and focus on Laurence's short stories, especially the primordial thought of his short stories, which will help Laurence and his short story. The article produces a new, deeper understanding.
This article selects the three most outstanding short stories of Laurence's primordial thought, "the woman riding on the horse", "the princess >" and "the dead man". Through a detailed reading of the text, it analyzes the profound primordial thought. The thesis is divided into five chapters, the first chapter and the fifth chapter are summarized and summarized respectively.
The first chapter introduces the primordial thought, Laurence's life and the selection of three short stories. It provides a literature review of Laurence's novels at home and abroad, and combs the innovation point, the research significance and the overall structure of this paper. The fifth chapter is a summary of the research results of the whole paper.
In the main part, the author first makes a detailed analysis and classification of the primistal thought contained in the works, and generalizes that the primialism is mainly shown in the following five aspects: the call for vigorous vitality, the prominence of the unconscious, the return to nature, the return of the gods and the words and the return of the primitive culture.
Then, the author explores the causes of this primidial thought in many aspects. The main reasons include personal experience, Freud theory's influence on him, social reasons and pastoral traditions. Personal reasons include the relationship between Laurence and his parents, Jesse and Freda, and the shadow of his weak constitution. The unbalance of parents' relationship had an indelible effect on the development of Laurence's psychology; at the same time, his love with Jesse and Freda could not be ignored. Laurence was plagued by the disease and was threatened by death, which made him feel the value of life, and the desire for vigorous vitality was also better than health. Freud's theory has a great influence on his creative thought. In addition, the writer's creation can not be separated from the great social background and the long history of the pastoral tradition in England, so the desire to return to nature in Laurence's works is inseparable from the repression of human nature at the time of the rapid development of the industrial society. Relationship.
Finally, the author tries to make a dialectical analysis of the strong primordial thought in Laurence's works. Put the conflict of primitive and modern into the background of the realistic civilization, and reveal the rationality of the existence and the limitations of the thought. Laurence holds the fundamental lack of industrial civilization - the socialization and the mechanization, from the original text. The passion for life in the Ming Dynasty, which is used to combat decadent and decaying western industrial civilization, is of progressive significance. But Laurence denies all industrial civilization and overemphasizes the dominant role of sex, which is a challenge to the traditional moral values of marriage and has its limitations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：I561.074

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本文編號(hào)：2174939