《法國中尉的女人》的后現(xiàn)代主義元小說特征
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-07 07:42
【摘要】：后現(xiàn)代主義一詞起源于20世紀(jì)60年代紐約的藝術(shù)家和批評家的說法,并在20世紀(jì)70年代由歐洲理論家發(fā)展而成。作為一場先進(jìn)的資本主義文化運(yùn)動,后現(xiàn)代主義已經(jīng)滲透到諸多藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域。后現(xiàn)代主義元小說自誕生之日起便異軍突進(jìn),蓬勃發(fā)展,表現(xiàn)了后現(xiàn)代主義作家們?yōu)榇蚱莆膶W(xué)傳統(tǒng)、實(shí)現(xiàn)文學(xué)革新而所做的努力。不同于以往文學(xué)現(xiàn)象的是,盡管元小說的創(chuàng)作十分繁盛,但是它卻并非一個有著共同綱領(lǐng)的文學(xué)流派,而是由散布于西方國家的諸多后現(xiàn)代主義作家自發(fā)實(shí)踐的結(jié)果。元小說的創(chuàng)作手法大都突破了以往的包括現(xiàn)實(shí)主義、現(xiàn)代主義在內(nèi)的文學(xué)傳統(tǒng),極具創(chuàng)新性。為了解救后現(xiàn)代主義時期下的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作于困境,讓文學(xué)創(chuàng)作重新煥發(fā)藝術(shù)的光彩,許多作家為了在小說的創(chuàng)作手法上進(jìn)行卓有成效的革新,不僅大膽嘗試了許多前所未有的敘述手法,而且賦予一些古已有之的敘述手法以新的鮮活的生命。 約翰·福爾斯是英國最負(fù)盛名的后現(xiàn)代主義作家之一�！斗▏形镜呐恕肥羌s翰·福爾斯最為成功的一部作品,評論界對其深刻的主題及實(shí)驗(yàn)性的寫作技巧進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)探討。在這部作品中,福爾斯以20世紀(jì)為視角敘述了一個發(fā)生在英國維多利亞黃金時期的愛情故事,引用了大量的歷史細(xì)節(jié),也被認(rèn)為是一部歷史小說。本論文借鑒后現(xiàn)代主義和元小說的理論成果,結(jié)合福爾斯的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作觀念,分析了《法國中尉的女人》中的后現(xiàn)代主義元小說的特征。論文主體分為四章。 第一章概括介紹約翰·福爾斯和他的作品,同時陳述后現(xiàn)代主義文學(xué)的基本特征；以及國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對于后現(xiàn)代性和元小說的研究,以及本文的研究意義和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn),從而引出第二章中詳細(xì)的后現(xiàn)代主義和元小說理論。 第二章詳細(xì)陳述元小說的定義、基本特點(diǎn)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等理論問題,深刻討論元小說的寫作特點(diǎn),包括戲仿、拼貼、時間錯位等特點(diǎn)。眾所周知,元小說是后現(xiàn)代主義文學(xué)的一部分,因此本章對后現(xiàn)代性的理念及特征進(jìn)行陳述和分析。后現(xiàn)代主義具有以下四個特點(diǎn)：從宏偉敘事的消失到深度模式的削平；從歷時走向共時；文本間性；文學(xué)中心的轉(zhuǎn)換—讀者與解讀。 第三章是本文的主體部分,重點(diǎn)分析《法國中尉的女人》中的后現(xiàn)代主義元小說的特征。作者在《法國中尉的女人》中運(yùn)用了置換、矛盾、虛實(shí)結(jié)合等顛覆傳統(tǒng)的手法。三重結(jié)尾也是《法國中尉的女人》創(chuàng)作中的一大亮點(diǎn),不同于傳統(tǒng)小說的封閉式結(jié)尾,多重結(jié)尾映射了生活的各種可能性,從而反映了真實(shí)。此外,本章還將分析《法國中尉的女人》中敘事者的身份和敘事角度,全知全能敘述者通過其在空間、時間和心理方面的敘述打造了一個“真實(shí)”世界,而具有自我反思意識的元敘述者強(qiáng)調(diào)小說虛構(gòu)性,打破了這種“真實(shí)幻覺”。穿梭在歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)之間的“我”進(jìn)一步擊碎了“真實(shí)幻覺”,通過過去與現(xiàn)在的并置反映了小說的虛構(gòu)性。 第四章總結(jié)了《法國中尉的女人》中的后現(xiàn)代主義元小說的敘事特點(diǎn),并重申了后現(xiàn)代文學(xué)和元小說的寫作風(fēng)格。 總之,《法國中尉的女人》作為一部具有代表性的后現(xiàn)代主義元小說,打破了現(xiàn)實(shí)與虛構(gòu)的界限,體現(xiàn)了福爾斯對歷史與文學(xué)關(guān)系的思考以及對當(dāng)代小說創(chuàng)作的審美思考,不但為小說的發(fā)展注入了新的活力,也啟發(fā)了人們對于歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)生活的思考。
[Abstract]:The term postmodernism originated from the views of the artists and critics of New York in the 1960s and developed by the European theorists in 1970s. As an advanced capitalist cultural movement, postmodernism has penetrated into many fields of art. The post modernist meta fiction has developed from the day of its birth and flourished. The development shows the efforts of postmodernist writers to break the literary tradition and realize the innovation of literature. Different from the previous literary phenomena, although the creation of the meta fiction is very prosperous, it is not a literary school with a common program, but the spontaneous reality of many postmodernist writers scattered in the western countries. As a result, the creative techniques of the meta fiction mostly break through the traditional literary tradition, including realism and modernism, and are highly innovative. In order to save the literary creation in the post modernist period, the literary creation reuses the brilliance of the art, and many writers have made great achievements in the writing techniques of the novel. The innovation not only boldly tried many unprecedented narrative techniques, but also endowed some ancient narrative techniques with fresh life.
John Fowles is one of the most prestigious postmodernist writers in Britain. The French Lieutenant's woman is the most successful work of John Fowles. The commentaries discussed his profound theme and experimental writing skills in detail. In this work, Fowles described one in Britain in the perspective of twentieth Century. The love story of the golden age of Vitoria, citing a lot of historical details, is also regarded as a historical novel. This paper, referring to the theoretical results of postmodernism and meta fiction, combined with Fowles's artistic creation concept, analyzes the characteristics of the post-modernism meta fiction of the French Lieutenant's women. The main body of the thesis is divided into four chapters.
The first chapter introduces John Fowles and his works, and presents the basic characteristics of postmodernism literature, and the research on postmodernity and meta fiction at home and abroad, as well as the significance and innovation of this article, which leads to the detailed postmodernism and the theory of meta fiction in the second chapters.
The second chapter details the definition, the basic characteristics, the standard and other theoretical problems of Chen Shuyuan's novel, and deeply discusses the characteristics of the writing of the meta novel, including parody, collage, time dislocation and so on. As we all know, the meta novel is part of the postmodernism literature. Therefore, this chapter describes and analyses the ideas and characteristics of postmodernism. There are four characteristics as follows: from the disappearance of the magnificent narration to the leveling of the depth pattern; from diachronic to synchronic; intertextuality; the conversion of literary centers - readers and interpretations.
The third chapter is the main part of this article, focusing on the characteristics of the postmodernism meta fiction of the French Lieutenant's woman. The author uses the replacement, contradiction, and the combination of virtual reality in the French Lieutenant's woman. The three ending is also a big spot in the creation of the French Lieutenant's woman, different from the traditional novel. At the end of the closed end, multiple ends reflect the possibilities of life and reflect the truth. In addition, this chapter will also analyze the identity and narrative angle of the French Lieutenant's Woman > narrator, and the omnipotent narrator has created a "real" world through his narrative of space, time and psychology, with self reflection. The meta narrator stressed the fiction of the novel and broke the "true illusion". The "I" between history and reality further shattered the "real illusion", reflecting the fictitious nature of the novel through the juxtaposition of the past and the present.
Chapter Four summarizes the narrative features of postmodernist metafiction in The French Lieutenant's Woman, and reiterates the writing style of postmodern literature and metafiction.
In a word, "the French Lieutenant's Woman", as a representative post modernist meta novel, breaks the boundary between reality and fiction, reflecting Fowles's thinking on the relationship between history and literature as well as the aesthetic thinking of contemporary novel creation, which not only inject new vitality into the development of the novel, but also enlightens people about history and reality. The thinking of life.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：I561.074
[Abstract]:The term postmodernism originated from the views of the artists and critics of New York in the 1960s and developed by the European theorists in 1970s. As an advanced capitalist cultural movement, postmodernism has penetrated into many fields of art. The post modernist meta fiction has developed from the day of its birth and flourished. The development shows the efforts of postmodernist writers to break the literary tradition and realize the innovation of literature. Different from the previous literary phenomena, although the creation of the meta fiction is very prosperous, it is not a literary school with a common program, but the spontaneous reality of many postmodernist writers scattered in the western countries. As a result, the creative techniques of the meta fiction mostly break through the traditional literary tradition, including realism and modernism, and are highly innovative. In order to save the literary creation in the post modernist period, the literary creation reuses the brilliance of the art, and many writers have made great achievements in the writing techniques of the novel. The innovation not only boldly tried many unprecedented narrative techniques, but also endowed some ancient narrative techniques with fresh life.
John Fowles is one of the most prestigious postmodernist writers in Britain. The French Lieutenant's woman is the most successful work of John Fowles. The commentaries discussed his profound theme and experimental writing skills in detail. In this work, Fowles described one in Britain in the perspective of twentieth Century. The love story of the golden age of Vitoria, citing a lot of historical details, is also regarded as a historical novel. This paper, referring to the theoretical results of postmodernism and meta fiction, combined with Fowles's artistic creation concept, analyzes the characteristics of the post-modernism meta fiction of the French Lieutenant's women. The main body of the thesis is divided into four chapters.
The first chapter introduces John Fowles and his works, and presents the basic characteristics of postmodernism literature, and the research on postmodernity and meta fiction at home and abroad, as well as the significance and innovation of this article, which leads to the detailed postmodernism and the theory of meta fiction in the second chapters.
The second chapter details the definition, the basic characteristics, the standard and other theoretical problems of Chen Shuyuan's novel, and deeply discusses the characteristics of the writing of the meta novel, including parody, collage, time dislocation and so on. As we all know, the meta novel is part of the postmodernism literature. Therefore, this chapter describes and analyses the ideas and characteristics of postmodernism. There are four characteristics as follows: from the disappearance of the magnificent narration to the leveling of the depth pattern; from diachronic to synchronic; intertextuality; the conversion of literary centers - readers and interpretations.
The third chapter is the main part of this article, focusing on the characteristics of the postmodernism meta fiction of the French Lieutenant's woman. The author uses the replacement, contradiction, and the combination of virtual reality in the French Lieutenant's woman. The three ending is also a big spot in the creation of the French Lieutenant's woman, different from the traditional novel. At the end of the closed end, multiple ends reflect the possibilities of life and reflect the truth. In addition, this chapter will also analyze the identity and narrative angle of the French Lieutenant's Woman > narrator, and the omnipotent narrator has created a "real" world through his narrative of space, time and psychology, with self reflection. The meta narrator stressed the fiction of the novel and broke the "true illusion". The "I" between history and reality further shattered the "real illusion", reflecting the fictitious nature of the novel through the juxtaposition of the past and the present.
Chapter Four summarizes the narrative features of postmodernist metafiction in The French Lieutenant's Woman, and reiterates the writing style of postmodern literature and metafiction.
In a word, "the French Lieutenant's Woman", as a representative post modernist meta novel, breaks the boundary between reality and fiction, reflecting Fowles's thinking on the relationship between history and literature as well as the aesthetic thinking of contemporary novel creation, which not only inject new vitality into the development of the novel, but also enlightens people about history and reality. The thinking of life.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：I561.074
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