【摘要】：約翰·福爾斯是一名才華橫溢的英國(guó)小說家。他一生中創(chuàng)作了許多作品，其中,《法國(guó)中尉的女人》最為成功，收獲無數(shù)好評(píng)并令他享譽(yù)世界文壇。一直以來，評(píng)論家從各個(gè)角度對(duì)這部小說的分析層出不窮。但鮮有人用雅克·拉康的理論對(duì)男主人公查爾斯進(jìn)行解讀。本文擬從拉康的三界理論入手，旨在分析不同的“他者”與查爾斯自我之間的關(guān)系及“他者”對(duì)查爾斯心理發(fā)展的作用。 本文由五部分構(gòu)成： 引言對(duì)作者生平、該小說的內(nèi)容、國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究文獻(xiàn)及拉康的主要理論做了簡(jiǎn)要介紹。 第一章主要討論了查爾斯的父輩作為“他者”對(duì)查爾斯自我建構(gòu)的影響。生活在貴族家庭中，查爾斯從小就接受如何成為一個(gè)貴族的教育。于是他很早就意識(shí)到自己是上層社會(huì)中的一員，與此同時(shí)他接受并認(rèn)同了維多利亞時(shí)代的傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀念，，形成了貴族階級(jí)的世界觀和價(jià)值觀。查爾斯的維多利亞貴族自我由此建立起來。 第二章講述了薩拉作為“他者”對(duì)查爾斯自我的解構(gòu)與重構(gòu)。查爾斯在與薩拉的接觸中開始意識(shí)到維多利亞時(shí)代的局限性和貴族自我的瑕疵。他雖一再抵制薩拉的影響，卻在無意識(shí)中拉近了與薩拉的心靈距離，貴族自我開始逐漸瓦解。在薩拉的引導(dǎo)之下，查爾斯認(rèn)同了薩拉的人際觀、愛情觀和自由精神觀，對(duì)自我有了新的理解。在此基礎(chǔ)上查爾斯建立起了追求自由的自我，同時(shí)他徹底拋棄了貴族自我的認(rèn)識(shí)。 第三章分析了大“他者”的介入如何導(dǎo)致查爾斯的迷失。走失一段時(shí)間后的薩拉以全新的面貌和藝術(shù)家的身份出現(xiàn)在查爾斯面前，此時(shí)的薩拉充當(dāng)著大“他者”打破了查爾斯對(duì)其原有形象的幻想。查爾斯在認(rèn)清現(xiàn)實(shí)之后，果斷離薩拉而去。然而“他者”的缺失致使查爾斯對(duì)什么是自我和自我之所在更加感到困惑。 結(jié)論部分揭示出“他者”決定著查爾斯的自我和心理發(fā)展這一事實(shí)，并指出唯有借助“他者”查爾斯才能建立起對(duì)人生和世界的看法。
[Abstract]:John Fowles is a brilliant English novelist. In his life, he created many works, of which the French Lieutenant's woman was the most successful, won numerous praise and made him famous in the world literary world. Critics have been analyzing the novel from various angles. But few people use Jacques Lacan's theory to interpret the hero Charles. This paper aims to analyze the relationship between different "other" and Charles's ego and the effect of "other" on Charles' psychological development from the perspective of Lacan's theory of three boundaries. This paper consists of five parts: the introduction gives a brief introduction to the author's life, the content of the novel, the relevant research literature at home and abroad and Lacan's main theory. The first chapter mainly discusses the influence of Charles' parents as "other" on Charles' self-construction. Living in an aristocratic family, Charles was taught how to become an aristocrat from an early age. So he realized very early that he was a member of the upper class, and at the same time he accepted and agreed with the traditional values of the Victorian era, forming the world outlook and values of the aristocratic class. The Victorian aristocracy of Charles was thus established. The second chapter discusses Sarah's deconstruction and reconstruction of Charles' self as the "other". In his contact with Sarah, Charles began to realize the limitations of the Victorian era and the imperfections of the aristocratic self. Despite his repeated resistance to Sarah's influence, he unconsciously drew closer to Sarah, and the aristocratic self began to crumble. Under Sarah's guidance, Charles agrees with Sarah's view of interpersonal, love and free spirit, and has a new understanding of herself. On this basis, Charles established the pursuit of free self, and he completely abandoned the understanding of aristocratic self. The third chapter analyzes how the intervention of the Great "other" leads to Charles' loss. Sarah appeared in front of Charles as an artist and a brand new face after a period of loss, when Sarah acted as the "other" and broke Charles' illusions about his original image. Charles decided to walk away from Sarah after he realized the reality. The absence of the other, however, made Charles even more confused about what he was and where he was. The conclusion part reveals the fact that the "other" determines Charles' self and psychological development, and points out that only with the help of "other" Charles can he establish his view of life and the world.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：I561.074

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