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賴特《土生子》文化霸權解讀

發(fā)布時間:2018-06-14 08:55

  本文選題:土生子 + 文化霸權 ; 參考:《山西師范大學》2012年碩士論文


【摘要】:理查德賴特作為美國具有國際影響的黑人作家之一,長篇小說《土生子》是他最優(yōu)秀的代表作,也是美國黑人文學史上劃時代的里程碑。本文運用后殖民理論中的文化霸權相關理論對賴特的《土生子》進行解讀,以期對美國白人主流社會對黑人推行文化霸權的方式有一個清晰的認識,同時本文還研究了小說主人公別格作為白人群體塑造的“他者”形象,在文化霸權下對自我的追尋歷程。 本文的主體部分首先研究了美國白人主流社會向黑人群體推行文化霸權的種種方式,即監(jiān)視的眼、媒介的隱形權力、教育的束縛和宗教的欺騙。在美國社會,白人主流社會通過各種監(jiān)視手段使黑人達到自我規(guī)訓,以使自己的身體處于白人監(jiān)視者所希望看到的常規(guī)狀態(tài);以媒介為代表的大眾文化左右著人們的認知和思考方式,受眾成為了媒介擺布下的機械木偶;白人掌控著教育資源,通過教育扼殺黑人的成長空間,束縛黑人,而宗教亦成為白人統(tǒng)治階級規(guī)訓黑人的工具。美國白人社會在對黑人推行文化霸權的過程中傳達著種族歧視和種族壓迫的觀念。其次本文研究了小說主人公別格作為白人群體塑造的“他者”形象,在文化霸權下對自我的追尋歷程。別格的自我追尋經(jīng)歷了三個階段:規(guī)訓與認同——臣服于“黑人他者”形象、間離與反叛——游離于“黑人他者”形象、向死而生,自我主體的回歸——超越“黑人他者”形象。只有黑人個人意識和民族意識的覺醒,以及黑人之間的團結(jié)才能改變黑人自身受壓迫受歧視的狀態(tài),,才能使美國黑人沐浴在自由、民主、平等的幸福之光中。
[Abstract]:Richard Wright is one of the black writers with international influence in the United States. The novel Native son is his best masterpiece, and it is also an epoch-making milestone in the history of American black literature. This paper uses the theory of cultural hegemony in post-colonial theory to interpret Wright's Native son, in order to have a clear understanding of the way in which the white mainstream society in the United States carries out cultural hegemony on black people. At the same time, the thesis also studies the process of pursuing self under the cultural hegemony of the protagonist Berg as the "other" image created by the white group. In the main part of this paper, the author first studies the ways of carrying out cultural hegemony to the black group in the mainstream American white society, that is, the eyes of surveillance, the invisible power of the media, the bondage of education and the deception of religion. In American society, the white mainstream society makes the black people achieve self-discipline through all kinds of surveillance means, in order to make their body in the normal state that the white monitor wants to see; Mass culture, represented by the media, has influenced people's cognition and thinking, and the audience has become a puppet under the influence of the media. The white man controls the educational resources, strangles the black growing space through education, and restrains the black people. Religion also became a tool for the white ruling class to discipline blacks. White American society conveys the idea of racial discrimination and racial oppression in the process of carrying out cultural hegemony against black people. Secondly, this paper studies the "other" image created by the protagonist Berg as a white group, and his pursuit of self under the cultural hegemony. Berg's self-pursuit has gone through three stages: discipline and identification-surrender to the image of the "black other", separation and rebellion from the image of the "black other", and life to death. The return of self-subject-transcending the image of "black other". Only the awakening of the individual and national consciousness of the black people and the unity among the blacks can change the state of oppression and discrimination of the blacks themselves, and enable the black Americans to bathe in the light of the happiness of freedom, democracy and equality.
【學位授予單位】:山西師范大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:I712.074

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