本文選題：文學倫理學批評 + 阿瑟米勒��； 參考：《安徽大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：阿瑟·米勒(1915-2005),美國著名的戲劇家,同尤金·奧尼爾和田納西·威廉斯一起被譽為美國戲劇界的三巨頭。他具有強烈的社會責任感,將戲劇舞臺作為作家反映社會,解決社會問題的最佳方式。他的作品廣受人們關(guān)注,對作品主題的研究大多數(shù)集中在悲劇觀,美國夢等方面。然而米勒作品中的倫理道德觀很值得人們注意,細讀他的作品,我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)米勒試圖揭示在美國繁榮的表面之下,隱藏著諸多矛盾,帶給人們對人生的迷茫與困惑。 本文選取了米勒三部具有代表性的劇本,《推銷員之死》,《都是我的兒子》和《薩勒姆的女巫》,這三部劇是米勒創(chuàng)作中期的代表作,也是其創(chuàng)作最為成熟的時期。本文試圖通過運用文學倫理學批評的方法對米勒的道德觀的進行研究,揭示出個人、家庭、社會三者之間存在著必然的聯(lián)系,道德的缺失引起社會道德的混亂,對個人、家庭乃至社會都有著巨大的影響,使人們普遍處于矛盾沖突之中。 本文共有五個部分,內(nèi)容如下： 論文的第一部分是引言部分,主要是對米勒的生平以及文學創(chuàng)作進行了簡單的介紹,對國內(nèi)外學術(shù)界對米勒及其作品的評價也做了簡單回顧,并且指出了論文的寫作目的和論文的整體布局。 第二部分是對文學倫理學批評的方法進行了介紹,指出運用這一方法的意義和主要內(nèi)容。文學倫理學批評是具有悠久歷史卻又是有別于倫理學批評的一種方法,在對文學現(xiàn)象的研究基礎(chǔ)上客觀研究文學的倫理與道德因素,揭示對社會的啟示。 論文的第三部分詳細分析了米勒三部作品中道德主題的體現(xiàn)。由于各種歷史社會原因,猶太人非常重視人與人之間的關(guān)系,注重人和由人所構(gòu)成的團體社會之間相互影響的作用。而這一重要思想在現(xiàn)代美國文化下經(jīng)歷著沖擊,指出了在現(xiàn)代社會人類經(jīng)歷的思想沖突,由此帶來的后果,即道德的缺失。同時也指出如何能夠解決矛盾沖突,實現(xiàn)人類的自我救贖和思想的升華。三部戲劇中主人公深受這些矛盾沖突的影響,最終通過死亡來實現(xiàn)解脫,同時也是使原本處于沖突的個人、家庭、社會三者的關(guān)系重新回歸到正軌上。 論文的第四部分對影響米勒道德觀的背景因素進行了分析,指出米勒的道德觀很大程度上受到其猶太背景的影響。作為猶太移民的后代,既受到猶太文化影響,也受到美國文化的影響,不同文化的沖突帶來其心靈上的沖突。同時對米勒生活有著重要影響的麥卡錫主義使得他進一步認識到人類的自私性,更加明確道德在人類生活中的重要作用,因而持續(xù)關(guān)注道德問題。 論文的第五部分是全文的總結(jié)部分,指出作為美國猶太裔作家的米勒之所以這么關(guān)注文學作品中的道德主題是賦予了文學教育的功能,道德價值取向是對人類生活具有崇高之上的意義。最后指出米勒道德觀對普遍社會的影響作用,關(guān)注其中的積極樂觀精神,人類的受難是成功走向救贖升華的步驟,社會的道德秩序是可以重新建立的。
[Abstract]:Arthur Miller (1915-2005), a famous American dramatist, together with Eugene ONeil and Tennessee Williams, is known as the three giant in the American theatre world. He has a strong sense of social responsibility and the stage of drama as the best formula to reflect society and solve social problems. His works are widely concerned with the theme of his works. Most of them are focused on the view of tragedy, the American dream and so on. However, the ethical and moral values in Miller's works are worth paying attention to and reading his works carefully. We will find that Miller tries to reveal a lot of contradictions under the surface of the prosperity of the United States, which brings people to the confusion and confusion of life.
This article selects three representative plays of Miller, the death of a salesman, my son and the Witch of SA Lem. The three plays are the representative works of Miller's middle period of creation and the most mature period of his creation. This article tries to reveal the moral view of Miller by using the method of Literary Ethics criticism. There is an inevitable connection between the three people, family and society. The lack of morality causes the confusion of social morality, and has a great influence on the individual, family and even the society, which makes people generally in conflict.
There are five parts in this paper, which are as follows:
The first part of the thesis is the introduction, which is a brief introduction to Miller's life and literary creation, and a brief review of the evaluation of Miller and his works by the academic circles at home and abroad, and points out the purpose of the paper and the overall layout of the paper.
The second part is the introduction of the method of Literary Ethics Criticism, pointing out the significance and main content of the application of this method. The Literary Ethics Criticism is a method with long history but different from ethical criticism. It is a kind of ethical and moral factors to study literature on the basis of the study of literary phenomena, and to reveal to the society. The enlightenment.
The third part of the paper analyzes the embodiment of the moral theme in Miller's three works. Because of various historical and social reasons, the Jews attach great importance to the relationship between people and people, and pay attention to the interaction between the people and the group society made up by people. The ideological clash of human experience in modern society, resulting in the consequences of the loss of morality, also points out how to solve conflicts and achieve human self redemption and sublimation of thought. The protagonist of the three plays is deeply influenced by these conflicts and finally realized by death and death, but at the same time it is in conflict. The relationship between the three individuals, family and society has come back to the right track.
The fourth part of the thesis makes an analysis of the background factors affecting Miller's moral view, pointing out that Miller's moral concept is greatly influenced by his Jewish background. As a descendant of Jewish immigrants, it is influenced by both Jewish culture and American culture, and the conflict of different cultures brings his spiritual conflict. At the same time, Miller The Mccarthy doctrine, which has an important influence on life, makes him more aware of the selfishness of human beings and clearer the important role of morality in human life, and thus continues to pay attention to the moral problems.
The fifth part of the thesis is the summary of the full text. It is pointed out that Miller, a Jewish American writer, has given the moral theme of literary works to the function of literary education. The moral value orientation is of lofty significance to human life. Finally, it points out the influence of Miller's morality on the universal society. In the positive and optimistic spirit, human suffering is a step towards success and sublimation, and the moral order of society can be rebuilt.

【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I712.073

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