發(fā)布時間：2018-04-12 10:13

  本文選題：索爾·貝婁 + 《赫索格》��； 參考：《上海外國語大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：諾貝爾文學(xué)獎得主索爾·貝婁一生筆耕不輟，致力于描繪現(xiàn)代人生活中的哲學(xué)與倫理困境，迷茫與矛盾。他不愿意被稱為美國猶太作家，自稱是 充滿想象力的社會歷史學(xué)家‖，比一般社會科學(xué)家更能精確地勾勒出社會的瘋狂。貝婁的這些思想在巨作《赫索格》中得到了充分的體現(xiàn)�；诟窳植祭氐男職v史主義主張和弗洛伊德的精神分析理論，本文旨在探討《赫索格》中的歷史哲學(xué)思想，以揭示貝婁關(guān)于歷史、受難、死亡和救贖的哲學(xué)思考，以及他對猶太民族乃至全人類的人性關(guān)懷。 從歷史作為過去事件之?dāng)⒄f的角度看，貝婁的歷史思想是一種新歷史主義的主張。在《赫》中，貝婁借多個小說人物之口來呈現(xiàn)瑪?shù)铝蘸屯邆惗〉男蜗蠹霸u價瑪?shù)铝盏幕橥馇楹铜偰莸膿狃B(yǎng)權(quán)，指出人對過去的記憶和再現(xiàn)不可避免地帶有主觀色彩和虛構(gòu)性質(zhì)；與此同時，透過赫索格主觀過濾后的回憶和未寄出的信件，小說展現(xiàn)出一幅當(dāng)代社會、文化和歷史環(huán)境的全景圖，彰顯了 文本的歷史性‖�；诟ヂ逡恋碌膭�(chuàng)傷理論，本文進(jìn)一步探究作者和小說角色所表現(xiàn)出的個人創(chuàng)傷和民族創(chuàng)傷癥狀來闡釋此二元化的歷史對人類生活的創(chuàng)傷式的影響。 從歷史作為人類的發(fā)展這一事件本身的角度看，貝婁的歷史思想是一種現(xiàn)代主義和人文主義的觀點(diǎn)。本文通過解讀《赫》中一個個在社會和歷史的長河中晃來晃去的 類天使‖形象凸顯貝婁歷史觀中辯證的人性觀，指出正因?yàn)榧嬗谐绺吲c卑微的特質(zhì)人才稱之為人，而主人公在迷茫中的探尋，在虛無和廢墟中試圖重建柏拉圖式的家園進(jìn)一步詮釋了人性二字以及人作為歷史的主體，他的精神追求對歷史進(jìn)程的意義。本文接下來試用弗洛伊德的人格結(jié)構(gòu)理論來探索赫索格最初的精神困境和最終的理性回歸背后的深層原因，得出在分析人在歷史中的處境和發(fā)展時，將責(zé)任僅歸為個人因素或社會因素都是不充分的。 從文化和宗教的角度來解讀，《赫》中的歷史哲學(xué)思想同時是一種根植于猶太民族的哲學(xué)思想。就歷史的方向而言，貝婁指出歷史是辯證前進(jìn)的，一切都只是歷史進(jìn)程中的中間物，這與猶太人典型的樂觀主義及其獨(dú)特的時間觀不謀而合。其次，在赫索格的精神之旅中，貝婁賦予角色對于人類存在和猶太教的核心問題——受難與死亡的深刻思考，指出二者分別是人實(shí)現(xiàn)超越的鋪墊和催化劑。再者，通過對比研究主人公的救贖之路與猶太核心教義，，本文得出二者在強(qiáng)調(diào)和諧、關(guān)注普通人與事、主張把握當(dāng)下等思想上殊途同歸。從上述分析可知，貝婁不僅是位杰出的美國作家更是位偉大的猶太作家，同時還是位歷史家兼哲學(xué)家。
[Abstract]:Saul Bellow, the Nobel laureate in literature, devoted his life to depicting philosophical and ethical dilemmas, confusion and contradictions in modern life.He does not want to be called an American Jewish writer, who claims to be an imaginative social historian, more accurate than the average social scientist in outlining social madness.Bellow's thoughts are fully embodied in Herzog.Based on Greenblatt's new historicism and Freud's psychoanalytic theory, this paper aims to explore the historical philosophy in Herzog in order to reveal Bellow's philosophical thinking on history, suffering, death and redemption.And his human concern for the Jewish nation and all mankind.From the perspective of history as a narrative of past events, Bellow's historical thought is a new historicism.In Hercules, Bellow presents the images of Madeleine and Valentine and evaluates Madeleine's extramarital affair and Joanie's custody, and points out that the memory and reproduction of the past are inevitably subjective and fictional.At the same time, through Herzog's subjective filtered memories and unsent letters, the novel presents a panorama of contemporary social, cultural and historical environments, and highlights the historical significance of the text.Based on Freud's trauma theory, this paper further explores the symptoms of personal trauma and national trauma shown by the author and the characters of the novel to explain the traumatic effects of this dualistic history on human life.From the perspective of history as the development of mankind, Bellow's historical thought is a kind of modernism and humanism.In this paper, the author points out that the dialectical view of human nature in Bellow's view of history is highlighted by the images of Angels that are dangling from the long rivers of society and history in Hercules, pointing out that people are called human beings because of their sublime and humble qualities.The protagonist's exploration in the confusion, trying to reconstruct the platonic homeland in nothingness and ruins further interprets the character of human nature and the significance of his spiritual pursuit to the historical process as the subject of history.Then this paper tries Freud's theory of personality structure to explore the deep reasons behind Herzog's initial spiritual dilemma and ultimate rational return, and draws a conclusion that in analyzing the situation and development of human beings in history,It is not sufficient to attribute responsibility solely to personal or social factors.From the angle of culture and religion, the historical philosophy in Hercules is also a philosophical thought rooted in the Jewish nation.As far as the direction of history is concerned, Bellow points out that history is dialectical and that everything is only the intermediate in the process of history, which coincides with the typical optimism of Jews and their unique view of time.Secondly, in Herzog's spiritual journey, Bellow gives the characters a profound reflection on the core problems of human existence and Judaism-suffering and death, and points out that the two are respectively the paves and catalysts for human transcendence.Furthermore, through the comparative study of the protagonist's road of redemption and the Jewish core doctrine, this paper draws a conclusion that both of them emphasize harmony, pay attention to ordinary people and things, and advocate the same goal in the thought of grasping the present.From the above analysis, Bellow is not only an outstanding American writer, but also a great Jewish writer, as well as a historian and philosopher.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I712.074


本文編號：1739304