本文選題：《卡拉馬佐夫兄弟》　切入點(diǎn)：陀思妥耶夫斯基　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：陀思妥耶夫斯基是俄國一個(gè)天才式的作家,想要深讀他的作品就得做好靈魂被洗禮的準(zhǔn)備,因?yàn)樗麨槲覀冋故境隽耸澜绲牧硪环N存在尺度,即地上的基督天堂�！犊ɡR佐夫兄弟》是陀氏的最后一部作品,也是陀氏宗教思辨思想最成熟的作品,它凝結(jié)著陀氏對文學(xué)、對宗教、對人生的最沉重的思考,最終的答案就是本文所要探討的陀氏的宗教救贖思想——神性烏托邦思想。 本文第一部分我們從陀氏的創(chuàng)作人生和世界觀出發(fā),肯定陀氏對東正教的虔誠信仰,指出其宗教信仰里所包含的人道主義的理想。同時(shí),明確《卡拉馬佐夫兄弟》的核心內(nèi)容與核心命題,即孩子與卡拉馬佐夫兄弟之間的相互關(guān)聯(lián)和關(guān)于愛與信仰的核心命題。從陀氏對宗教大法官的回答中明確陀氏的思想基調(diào),為闡述陀氏的神性烏托邦的救贖思想奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。 本文第二部分首先論述的是陀氏救贖思想的現(xiàn)實(shí)基礎(chǔ),即這一救贖思想的根源在人們的苦難命運(yùn),苦難的多種表現(xiàn)引發(fā)作者對救贖的探究。其次論述陀氏救贖思想的烏托邦特質(zhì),在陀氏救贖思想與托爾斯泰救贖思想的比較之中發(fā)現(xiàn)陀氏救贖思想的獨(dú)特之處。最后揭示陀氏烏托邦式救贖思想的旨?xì)w,即發(fā)掘人的神性存在,以神性壓倒獸性,神性包容人性,從而構(gòu)建陀氏理想中的人間的烏托邦式的神性天堂。 本文第三部分是對《卡拉馬佐夫兄弟》的文本進(jìn)行深入分析,通過對德米特里、伊凡、阿遼沙三兄弟和孩子們之間關(guān)系的解讀,一一剖析他們各自的靈魂,揭示他們各自的特質(zhì)與命運(yùn)。陀氏從批判伊凡的理性思想出發(fā),肯定德米特里的精神救贖與阿遼沙的堅(jiān)定的愛與信仰,這肯定與否定之間我們從中揭示并闡述了烏托邦式的神性救贖思想的具體特性,即絕對的神性信仰、積極的愛和精神的救贖。 本文第四部分旨在探索獨(dú)特藝術(shù)關(guān)照下的神性烏托邦思想。首先我們從對話的藝術(shù)和和諧的美兩方面論述陀氏對傳統(tǒng)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義藝術(shù)的突破和發(fā)展,其次指出陀氏對現(xiàn)代主義藝術(shù)的獨(dú)特發(fā)現(xiàn)與詮釋,以求揭示陀氏的救贖思想擁有強(qiáng)大的藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)力與豐沛的精神感染力的根源。結(jié)語部分重在總結(jié)陀氏神性烏托邦思想的時(shí)代意義與局限性,從客觀公正的角度評價(jià)陀氏的神性烏托邦的救贖思想,從而完成對陀氏神性烏托邦救贖思想的論述,指出本文創(chuàng)作的地位和價(jià)值。 陀思妥耶夫斯基因?yàn)樽约旱恼瘟霰妒軤幾h,反動、保守、精神分裂,一切該歸于時(shí)代的錯位,還是原始的反叛,我們沒有立場去做評斷,但可以肯定的是,陀氏和他的作品無論在思想還是在創(chuàng)作上的成就都是同時(shí)代作家所不可取代的。
[Abstract]:Dostoevsky is a genius writer in Russia. To read his works deeply, he has to prepare his soul for baptism, because he shows us another measure of existence in the world. The Brothers of Karamazov is the last work of Tuo's, and the most mature of Tuo's religious speculative thoughts, which conjures his most heavy thoughts on literature, religion, and life. The final answer is to discuss Tuoshi's religious redemption thought-divinity utopia. In the first part of this paper, from the perspective of Tuo's creative life and world outlook, we affirm Tuo's religious faith in the Orthodox Church, and point out the humanitarian ideals contained in his religious belief. Clarifying the core content and the core proposition of the Brothers Karamazov, that is, the interrelation between the child and the Karamatsov brothers and the core proposition about love and belief. It lays a theoretical foundation for the elaboration of Tuoshi's divinity utopia's redemption thought. The second part of this paper first discusses the practical basis of Tuoshi's redemption thought, that is, the root of this redemption thought lies in the suffering fate of people. The various manifestations of suffering lead to the author's exploration of redemption. Secondly, the utopian characteristics of Tuoshi's redemption thought are discussed. In the comparison between Tuoshi's Redemption thought and Tolstoy's Redemption thought, the author finds out the uniqueness of Tuoshi's Redemption thought. Finally, it reveals the purport of Tuoshi's Utopian Redemption thought, that is, to discover the divinity of human being, and to put divinity over beast. The divinity tolerates human nature, thus constructs the utopian heaven of the human world in Tuo's ideal. The third part of this paper is to analyze the text of the Brothers Karamazov, through the interpretation of the relationship between Dimitri, Ivan, Alisha and the children, and to analyze their respective souls one by one. Revealing their respective characteristics and destinies. From the rational thought of criticizing Ivan, Tuoshi affirmed Dmitry's spiritual salvation and Alisha's firm love and faith. Between affirmation and negation, we reveal and expound the concrete characteristics of Utopian thought of divinity redemption, that is, absolute divinity belief, active love and spiritual redemption. The fourth part of this paper aims to explore the divinity utopia under the care of unique art. Firstly, we discuss the breakthrough and development of Tuoshi's traditional realism art from the two aspects of dialogue art and harmonious beauty. Secondly, it points out Tuo's unique discovery and interpretation of modernist art. In order to reveal the roots of Tuoshi's salvation thought with strong artistic expressiveness and abundant spiritual appeal, the conclusion part focuses on summing up the time significance and limitation of Tuo's divinity utopian thought. From the angle of objectivity and justice, this paper evaluates Tuoshi's redeeming thought of divinity utopia, thus completes the exposition of Tuoshi's divinity utopian redemption thought, and points out the position and value of this article's creation. Dostoevsky is controversial because of his political position, reactionary, conservative, schizophrenic, all due to the dislocation of the times, or primitive rebellion, we have no position to judge, but we can be sure that, Tuoshi and his works are irreplaceable by contemporary writers, both in thought and in creation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I512.074

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李丹;烏托邦思想研究：理論探微·發(fā)展脈絡(luò)·殊異甄析[D];吉林大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號：1683567