本文選題：D.H.勞倫斯　切入點：詩歌　出處：《三峽大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：生態(tài)批評旨在用生態(tài)學的觀點來解讀文學作品中人類與周圍非人類環(huán)境的關系。經(jīng)過三十多年的發(fā)展，其處理人與非人環(huán)境之間關系的理論范疇已經(jīng)模糊，且迅速向縱深發(fā)展。二十一世紀的生態(tài)批評研究不僅僅涉及人與自然關系問題，其研究范圍已延伸至社會和精神等領域。 英國作家大衛(wèi)·赫伯特·勞倫斯的作品一度由于其大膽的身體書寫而廣受爭議，但如今勞倫斯已經(jīng)是世所共知的天才作家。較之于小說家勞倫斯所受到的關注和認可，詩人勞倫斯卻未得到評論界應予的關注。生活在工業(yè)化高速發(fā)展的年代，勞倫斯游走于繁華的都市和寂靜的荒野之間�，F(xiàn)代化發(fā)展給人們的生活帶來了前所未有的變化，同時也將歐洲傳統(tǒng)田園牧歌式的詩意生活驅(qū)逐得越來越遠。作為洞察力敏銳且“不帶面具”的詩人，勞倫斯密切地關注著社會各個層面的變化并將其詳細地記錄在其詩歌之中。在詩歌創(chuàng)作中，勞倫斯窮其一生忠實地記錄了工業(yè)化進程中自然、社會和精神等三個領域的狀態(tài)，展示了豐富的生態(tài)思想。 本文旨在以勞倫斯的詩歌為藍本分析其詩歌中的生態(tài)審美意識及其生態(tài)思想。全文共由七個部分構成。 第一章首先從“自由詩人”、“當前的詩”以及“不帶面具的詩人”三個方面對勞倫斯及其詩作進行了評論性綜述回顧，指出其詩歌在創(chuàng)作理念、主題、形式以及語言上都彰顯出其豐富的生態(tài)意識；接著對國內(nèi)外勞倫斯研究現(xiàn)狀進行梳理；然后，論文進一步介紹了生態(tài)批評的相關理論概念并對其進行了拓展性研究。經(jīng)過對生態(tài)學、深層生態(tài)學、生態(tài)主義以及生態(tài)批評的定義及其各自的核心理念進行系統(tǒng)分析后，論文指出“生態(tài)批評是一種關于‘關系’的研究”。通過對“關系”及“和諧”等抽象概念進行界定性分析，文章提出和諧關系需要進行“度”的考量，并對“和諧度”、“相對和諧”以及“絕對和諧”等概念展開了深入討論。最后闡釋論文的研究意義. 第二章從自然美景、自然與人的和諧關系以及人與自然關系的決裂等三個層次深入探尋勞倫斯詩歌中的自然生態(tài)審美。勞倫斯歌頌自然荒野中的野性之美、肯定自然與人的和諧關系均是從正面挖掘自然生機的魅力來喚醒人類的自然本性和生態(tài)保護意識。揭露和批判人與自然的對立關系是從反面揭示生態(tài)危機的根源，，是以迂回方式矯正人們的生態(tài)觀，從而達到生態(tài)保護的目的。 第三章探討勞倫斯的社會生態(tài)審美。現(xiàn)代工業(yè)改變了社會的原有格局，生產(chǎn)力大發(fā)展極大地豐富了人類的物質(zhì)生活，但過度的物質(zhì)發(fā)展卻嚴重地影響著人們的正常生活和社會的正常發(fā)展。等級制度、金錢主義、機械化、城市化進程等扭曲著人與人之間的關系。本章主要圍繞人與物質(zhì)的關系、人與人的關系進行探討。 第四章挖掘勞倫斯的精神生態(tài)審美。環(huán)境危機的形成、等級制度和金錢主義的存在、機械化的大肆發(fā)展都與社會人的價值觀有著必然的聯(lián)系。社會負面因素的存在不僅異化著人與人之間的關系，還極大地異化了人類的精神狀態(tài)。生命了無生機，精神瀕臨死亡。虛偽的道德從意識形態(tài)領域?qū)θ祟愖陨磉M行“性閹割”，讓人類失去自然天性和生命的原動力。物質(zhì)主義扭曲著人類的情感，人們變得虛偽、冷漠、瘋狂、麻木、了無生趣，精神已然死亡。 第五章引入了勞倫斯生的死亡主題詳細闡釋勞倫斯獨特的生態(tài)思想。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的相互掠殺、花葉凋零、老病離世都是生命存在的消逝，但于勞倫斯而言，死亡卻是生命下一個輪回的開始。勞倫斯詮釋著生命的流動特征、用“以死寫生”的筆觸注視著生命物質(zhì)的循環(huán)往復和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡法則。在死亡背后升起另一種生命，折射出勞倫斯對生命、社會以及精神重生的渴望。 第六章結(jié)合勞倫斯的生活時代以及其人生經(jīng)歷對勞倫斯批判工業(yè)化和追尋詩意的棲居的現(xiàn)實愿望進行深入挖掘。勞倫斯頌揚荒野魅力，批判現(xiàn)代進程破壞自然的原始之魅、打破社會和人類自身內(nèi)環(huán)境的和諧，其終極目標是追尋其自身以及全人類的詩意棲居。在此基礎上，文章結(jié)合當前生態(tài)災難進一步闡明對勞倫斯詩歌中生態(tài)意識的挖掘?qū)Ξ斍吧鐣找鎳谰纳鷳B(tài)問題有著重大的啟示作用。 最后一部分總結(jié)全文，并最終得出勞倫斯是名生態(tài)先鋒詩人。
[Abstract]:Ecocriticism aims to use the ecology viewpoint to interpret human relations and human environment surrounding non literary works. After thirty years of development, the relationship between human and non-human environment theory have been blurred, and the rapid development in twenty-first Century. Ecological criticism research not only relates to the relationship between man and nature, the scope of the study has been extended to the social and spiritual fields.
British writer David Herbert Lawrence was due to its bold body writing and controversial, but now Laurence is already well known writer of genius. Compared with novelist Laurence received attention and recognition, the poet Laurence did not get attention. Critics should be living in the rapid development of industrialization era, Laurence walk in downtown the city and the silence of the wilderness. Modernization brings hitherto unknown changes to people's life, but also the poetic life of the traditional European pastoral expelled farther. As a perceptive and poet "without a mask", Laurence closely followed the changes in all aspects of the society and the detail recorded in his poetry. In his poems, Laurence spent his whole life faithfully records the natural process of industrialization, social and spiritual The state of the three fields shows a rich ecological idea.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the ecological aesthetic consciousness and ecological thought in his poems based on Laurence's poetry. The full text is composed of seven parts.
The first chapter from the "free poet", "the poem" and "poet without a mask" three aspects: a critical review of Laurence and his poems, the poems in the creation idea, theme, form and language shows its rich ecological consciousness; then the research status of domestic Laurence carried out; then, the paper further introduces the related theoretical concepts of ecological criticism and has carried on the further research. Based on ecology, deep ecology, ecology and system analysis and definition of ecological criticism and core theory respectively, the paper points out that "ecological criticism is a kind of" guanxi "research" through the "relationship" and "harmony" and other abstract concepts circles for qualitative analysis, the harmonious relationship between the need for "degree" and "consideration, harmonious degree"," The concepts of "relative harmony" and "absolute harmony" are discussed in depth. Finally, the significance of the paper is explained.
The second chapter from the natural beauty and the harmony between nature and human relations and the relationship between man and nature from three levels to explore in depth the natural ecological aesthetics in Laurence's poetry. Laurence praises natural wild wild beauty, harmonious relationship between man and nature are certainly digging natural vitality from the positive charm to awaken humanity the consciousness of nature and ecological protection. To expose and criticize the relation between man and nature is the root of ecological crisis is revealed from the opposite side, is a circuitous way to rectify people's ecological view, so as to achieve the purpose of ecosystem protection.
The third chapter discusses the social ecological aesthetics. Laurence changed the original pattern of modern industrial society, the development of productive forces has greatly enriched the material life of human beings, but excessive material development has seriously affected the normal development of the normal life of people and social hierarchy. Money, doctrine, mechanization, city process distortion the relationship between people. This chapter mainly focuses on the relationship between man and material, to explore the relationship between people and people.
The fourth chapter mining spirit ecological aesthetic Laurence. The formation of the environmental crisis, the caste system and the money exists, the mechanization of big development and social person values are intrinsically linked. The negative social factors are not only the alienation of the relationship between people, but also greatly changed the state of the human spirit the spirit of life. No life, on the verge of death. The moral hypocrisy "castration" of human beings from the realm of ideology, the original motivation for the loss of human nature and life. Materialism destroys people's emotion, people become hypocrisy, indifference, madness, numbness and apathy, the spirit is already dead.
The fifth chapter introduces the theme of death by Laurence explains Laurence's unique ecological thoughts. Grazing ecosystem in killing each other, flowers and leaves are withered, old death being gone, but for Laurence, death is life a new start. Laurence interpretation of the flow characteristics of life, with the the death of painting "brush strokes watching the balance principle of living matter cycle and ecological system. Rises another life in death behind the refraction of Laurence life, desire for social and spiritual rebirth.
The sixth chapter combines the era of Laurence's life and his life experiences deeply on Laurence s criticism of industrialization and poetic pursue the reality of desire. Laurence praised wild charm, criticizing the modern destruction process of the original natural charm, break the society and people's inner harmony of the environment, its ultimate goal is to pursue its own and all people's poetry dwelling. On this basis, combined with the current ecological disaster to further clarify the mining on the ecological consciousness in Laurence's poetry is of great enlightenment for the increasingly severe ecological problems in society.
The last part summarizes the full text, and finally draws the conclusion that Laurence is an ecological pioneer poet.

【學位授予單位】：三峽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I561.072

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前4條

1 閆建華;勞倫斯詩歌中的黑色生態(tài)意識[D];上海外國語大學;2010年

2 劉蓓;生態(tài)批評的話語建構[D];山東師范大學;2005年

3 李曉明;美國生態(tài)批評研究[D];山東大學;2006年

4 王諾;歐美生態(tài)批評研究[D];山東大學;2007年

本文編號：1677319