素食主義出現(xiàn)在西方文化的最初始階段。古代素食主義者基于倫理性緣由要求人們避免肉食。當時素食主義被少數(shù)人接受和踐行，素食主義者屬于少數(shù)人群。然而，在當代素食主義在西方人中形成一種新時尚。來自諸如環(huán)境保護和營養(yǎng)學等其他領(lǐng)域的更多的理論和思想也支持素食主義思想。自1970年環(huán)境保護運動開始以來，提倡素食主義的作者們更多地從環(huán)保角度為素食主義辯護。由于在西方國家健康狀況的惡化和醫(yī)療費用的上漲，素食提倡者開始指出素食對健康的有利之處。素食主義由倫理性的關(guān)懷轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榭茖W實踐性的。本論文的重點是分析這種轉(zhuǎn)變的原因。本論文研究西方素食主義的演變。在西方歷史中，很多作家對素食主義的發(fā)展做出了貢獻。這些作家包括古代哲學家畢達哥拉斯、波菲力等，現(xiàn)代作家梭羅、索爾特、辛格和坎貝爾等。通過研究這些作家的作品和歷史背景，本論文將說明西方素食主義從倫理性向?qū)嵺`性演變的原因。本論文有助于幫助更好理解西方文化。 

【文章來源】：西安外國語大學陜西省

【文章頁數(shù)】：61 頁

【學位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ABSTRACT
摘要
CHAPTER Ⅰ INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Literature Review
    1.2 Purpose and Significance of the Thesis
    1.3 Methodology and Structure of the Thesis
CHAPTER Ⅱ BRIEF HISTORY OF VEGETARIANISM IN THE WEST
    2.1 Vegetarianism in Classical Period
    2.2 Vegetarianism in Medieval Period
    2.3 Vegetarianism in Modern Period
    2.4 Vegetarianism in Contemporary period
CHAPTER Ⅲ ETHICAL VEGETARIANISM
    3.1 Pythagoras, Porphyry, and Saint Francis: Ancient Vegetarianism
    3.2 Alcott, Thoreau, Salt, Singer: Modern Vegetarianism
        3.2.1 William A. Alcott’s Vegetarianism
        3.2.2 Henry D. Thoreau’s Philosophical Vegetarianism
        3.2.3 Henry S. Salt’s Humane Vegetarianism
        3.2.4 Moral Concern in Peter Singer’s Animal Liberation
CHPATER Ⅳ ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH CONCERNS IN VEGETARIANISM
    4.1 Environmental Concerns
        4.1.1 Environmental Concern in The Junge
        4.1.2 Environmental Concern in Animal Liberation
    4.2 Health Concerns
        4.2.1 Health Concerns in Animal Liberation
        4.2.2 Health Concern in The China Study
            4.2.2.1 Criticism on Animal Protein
            4.2.2.2 Animal-Based Food and Chronic Diseases
            4.2.2.3 A Whole Food, Plant-based Diet
            4.2.2.4 Criticism on Modern Western Medicine
            4.2.2.5 Comparison with Preceding Vegetarian Thought
CHAPTER Ⅴ CONCLUSION
WORKS CITED


【參考文獻】：
期刊論文
[1]21世紀環(huán)境問題及其對策[J]. 高敏.  福建質(zhì)量技術(shù)監(jiān)督. 2010(01)



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