本文關(guān)鍵詞： 體態(tài)語言 現(xiàn)實主義小說 文學(xué)寫作　出處：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：體態(tài)語言是我們在日常生活中常用到的利用身體傳情達(dá)意的輔助性語言。我們的一舉一動、一顰一笑經(jīng)常包含有隱含之意,它能夠向交際者傳達(dá)意義,增強(qiáng)交流效果。文學(xué)中借用體態(tài)語言傳達(dá)人物思想情感最典型的是現(xiàn)實主義小說,本文以現(xiàn)實主義小說文本為切入點(diǎn),研究體態(tài)語言在現(xiàn)實主義小說中的種種現(xiàn)象。論述過程中,本文以現(xiàn)實交際中的體態(tài)語言為借鑒,并結(jié)合中外名家的現(xiàn)實主義小說文本片段,力求合情合理,有說服力地論述體態(tài)語言的作用、性質(zhì)、價值及運(yùn)用。在對現(xiàn)實主義小說中的體態(tài)語言研究甚少的情況下,本文更加系統(tǒng)地梳理了體態(tài)語言在現(xiàn)實主義小說中的諸多現(xiàn)象,是本文的有價值之處。本文共六個部分,包括引言、四個章節(jié)和結(jié)語。引言部分主要論述選題緣由、意義和前人研究成果。本文認(rèn)為,體態(tài)語言的運(yùn)用對現(xiàn)實主義小說中人物形象的塑造有重要作用,通過人物行為透視人物心理的復(fù)雜變化,能夠使人物更加真實可感。國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對這方面的研究并不多見,本節(jié)對這些研究做了簡單的歸納。正文第一章主要是對體態(tài)語言與現(xiàn)實主義小說作總體概述,分為三個部分。第一部分首先厘定了體態(tài)語言的概念,接著對現(xiàn)實主義小說做了簡單闡述,最后探討了體態(tài)語言在現(xiàn)實主義小說中具有典型性。第二部分論述了體態(tài)語言的分類,本文將它分為情態(tài)語言、身勢語言和空間語言三種類型。第三部分詳細(xì)解釋了產(chǎn)生體態(tài)語言的心理機(jī)制,主要借用心理學(xué)學(xué)科研究的成果,闡述體態(tài)語言的產(chǎn)生有其心理上的根源。第二章對體態(tài)語言與其在現(xiàn)實主義小說中直接的依附者——人物的關(guān)系進(jìn)行論述,共分為兩個部分。第一部分探討它對人物形象的作用,本文認(rèn)為,體態(tài)語言可以從四個方面塑造人物形象:第一,作者往往在人物出場時著力描寫其相貌、動作,這樣能夠使人物首度出現(xiàn)在讀者面前時就對其整體形象奠定基調(diào);第二,作者通過對人物體態(tài)語言的描寫,能夠把人物情感、態(tài)度和情緒表達(dá)的淋漓盡致,豐富了小說人物的思想感情;第三,通過體態(tài)語言的描寫,能揭示人物的性格特征和獨(dú)特個性;第四,體態(tài)語言也能夠表達(dá)人物自然狀態(tài)�，F(xiàn)實主義小說中人物的體態(tài)語言常常伴隨著人物語言前后而出現(xiàn),第二部分探討它對人物語言信息的影響,分為四個方面:第一,體態(tài)語言通過與語言信息表達(dá)意思不一致,能夠否定人物語言信息;第二,體態(tài)語言能夠?qū)]有表達(dá)完整的人物語言補(bǔ)充完整,起到補(bǔ)充人物語言信息的作用;第三,體態(tài)語言信息與人物語言信息相一致時,就重復(fù)、強(qiáng)調(diào)了人物語言信息;第四,通過讓體態(tài)語言帶上感情色彩,能夠擴(kuò)大人物語言信息。第三章論述了現(xiàn)實主義小說中體態(tài)語言的語境與模糊性。本文討論了它的四個語境:第一,體態(tài)群語境,兩個或兩個以上不同的體態(tài)同時出現(xiàn)時,就組成了體態(tài)群語境;第二,有聲語言語境,當(dāng)體態(tài)語言伴隨人物有聲語言出現(xiàn)時,有聲語言就成了它的語境;第三,人物心理語境,體態(tài)語言和人物內(nèi)心世界聯(lián)系在一起,隨著人物心理情境的變化而變化;第四,社會文化語境,往往地域、民族、時代的不同,體態(tài)語言有不同的含義。模糊性方面,本文同樣從四個方面詳細(xì)論述:第一,詞語模糊;第二,含義豐富,往往人物一個動作表達(dá)著多重含義;第三,無聲特性,同有聲語言相反的是,體態(tài)語言沒有聲音,所傳達(dá)的含義往往由讀者去猜測;第四,創(chuàng)作者主觀選擇,借用體態(tài)語言的模糊性能夠增加人物審美效果。第四章探討了體態(tài)語言的審美價值和運(yùn)用。對于體態(tài)語言的審美價值,本文從四個方面詳細(xì)論述:第一,體態(tài)語言借用人類賴以生存的身體傳情達(dá)意,具有身體的天然之美;第二,體態(tài)語言表達(dá)的情感含有許多“未定點(diǎn)”,就給讀者大量的解讀形象的空間;第三,體態(tài)語言所塑造的人物生動、立體;第四,體態(tài)語言所塑造的人物具體、可感。對于體態(tài)語言在現(xiàn)實主義小說中的運(yùn)用,本文主要有兩方面的觀點(diǎn):第一,設(shè)身處地,精確表達(dá);第二,適當(dāng)運(yùn)用,考慮全面。結(jié)語部分對全文進(jìn)行了總結(jié),對其他問題做了追加說明,并對體態(tài)語言的未來做了展望。
[Abstract]:Body language is the use of physical Chuanqingdayi auxiliary language commonly used in our daily lives to. We often contain every act and every move, every twinkle and smile implied meaning, it can convey meaning to communication, enhance the effect of communication. In the literature use body language to convey the most typical characters of thoughts and feelings is a realistic novel, based on the reality novels in the text as the breakthrough point, study of body language in realistic novels in various phenomena. In this course, based on the reality of body language in communication for reference, and combining the realistic novel text fragments, the famous Chinese and foreign to convincingly perfectly logical and reasonable, discusses the role of body language, nature, value and application. Study of body language in the novels of realism in the little case, this article more systematically combed the body language in realistic novels in many Like, is there is the value of this paper. This paper consists of six parts, including introduction, four chapters and conclusion. The introduction part mainly discusses the background, significance and previous research results. This paper argues that the use of body language to shape the characters in realistic novels image plays an important role, the complex changes through the perspective of character behavior the psychology of characters, to make the characters more realistic. The research on this aspect at home and abroad are rare, this section of the research to do a simple summary. The first chapter is an overview of the general body language and realistic novels, is divided into three parts. The first part firstly defines the concept of body language, then the realistic novel briefly explains and discusses the body language is typical in realistic novels. The second part discusses the classification of body language, this paper divides it into. State language, body language and language space three types. The third part is a detailed explanation of the psychological mechanism of body language, mainly borrowed from psychology research achievements, this body language has its roots in psychology. The second chapter discusses the body language and the realism in the novel -- direct attachment the relationships between the characters, is divided into two parts. The first part discusses its role, the characters of the body language can create characters from four aspects: first, the author often figure out efforts to depict the appearance, action, this can make the character first appeared in front of the reader when you set the tone the overall image; second, based on the characters of body language description, can make the characters emotions, attitudes and emotions expressed the most incisive, enrich the characters thoughts and feelings; third, Through the description of body language, can reveal the unique character and personality; fourth, body language can express the characters of natural state. Body language characters in realistic novels often accompanied by language and characters before and after, the second part discusses the influence of information on the story it words, divided into four aspects: first, the meaning of body language is not consistent with the expression of linguistic information, to deny the character of language information; second, body language can be expressed without integrity character language supplement, add to the language of characters for information; third, consistent with body language information and language character information, repeat, emphasizes the character of language information; fourth, by making the body language with emotion, to expand the character language information. The third chapter discusses the body language of realism in the novel context and ambiguity. In this paper. On the four context: first, it was the group context, two or more than two different body at the same time, the body is composed of second groups, the sound of the language context; context, when body language with the characters of sound language appeared, the sound language became its context; third. The characters of psychological context, body language and the inner world of characters together, changes with the characters of the psychological context; fourth, the social and cultural contexts, often regional, ethnic, age, body language has different meanings. The fuzzy aspect, this paper also discusses from four aspects: first, the fuzzy words; second meaning, rich, often an action figure expression of multiple meanings; third, silent, with sound language contrast, body language has no voice, the meaning conveyed by the readers tend to guess; fourth, the creators of the subjective choice, borrowed from the body Fuzzy language can increase the aesthetic effect of characters. The fourth chapter discusses the value and application of body language aesthetic. Aesthetic value for body language, this paper from four aspects in detail: first, use body language of the survival of the human body Chuanqingdayi, with the body's natural beauty; second, body language expression the emotion contains a lot of "indeterminacy", is to give the reader a lot of image interpretation space; third, the shape of body language characters vivid, three-dimensional; fourth, shaped body language specific characters, can sense. For use in body state language in realistic novels, this paper has two main aspects: accurate the expression of the first, put yourself in,; second, appropriate use, comprehensive consideration. The last part is the conclusion, on other issues made additional instructions, and the body language of the future.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I054

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