本文關(guān)鍵詞：新批評的反諷理論研究　出處：《廣西師范大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 新批評 反諷 詩歌 理論

【摘要】：新批評是二十世紀文壇中一個影響較大的、以文本為中心的形式主義批評流派,它興起于二十世紀二三十年代,于五六十年代走向衰落。新批評經(jīng)歷了近四十年的發(fā)展,雖然成員眾多,理論龐雜,但是“反諷”卻作為一個關(guān)鍵性概念貫穿于新批評發(fā)展的整個過程,在新批評派這里,“反諷”是作為文學語言的獨特本質(zhì)存在的,新批評既吸收了傳統(tǒng)反諷理論的精華,同時又拓展了反諷的內(nèi)涵。反諷因新批評而流行,也因新批評的過度使用而泛濫弱化,但是反諷并沒有消失,它始終以特有的方式存在于人們的生活中。作為一戰(zhàn)后登上歷史舞臺的批評流派,新批評的歷史文化背景和理論淵源是不能被忽略的。十九世紀末二十世紀初,英國文藝批評仍以強調(diào)個人主觀感受的印象批評為主,帶有濃重的主觀主義和自由主義色彩。針對當時的批評境況,新批評主張構(gòu)建一套行之有效的文學批評理論體系,新批評派理論家在繼承傳統(tǒng)反諷的本質(zhì)特征基礎(chǔ)之上,將反諷范疇的運用從哲學領(lǐng)域拓展到文學批評領(lǐng)域,最終在在眾多理論家的努力下,新批評反諷理論建設(shè)和批評實踐成果豐碩。反諷是一個復雜微妙的概念,對反諷進行辨析理解是深入了解反諷的重要手段。反諷作為新批評的核心概念之一,它的成長過程是漫長的,新批評派幾乎所有的理論家都論述過,但論述最徹底、實踐成果最多的是布魯克斯。在布魯克斯那里,文學批評不再是主觀化、自我化的方式,而是以反諷為標準對文學進行細致的分析。反諷在布魯克斯看來是一種文學結(jié)構(gòu)原則和批評方法,布魯克斯的反諷批評實踐將新批評反諷理論發(fā)展推向了高潮。新批評反諷雖然在理論和實踐方面都取得了豐碩成果,但也存在不足之處,他們過分強調(diào)文本而忽視了“世界”這個因素,最終導致新批評走入困境。雖然反諷在20世紀60年代走入困境,但并非消失得無影無蹤,在大眾文化盛行的后現(xiàn)代,它又有了新的生長土壤。反諷特有的精神內(nèi)核與大眾文化時代的追求結(jié)合之后,反諷又一次找到了拓展的領(lǐng)地。在后現(xiàn)代語境中,反諷已經(jīng)滲透進我們的日常生活,更好地認識反諷,用超然反諷的態(tài)度對待人生,是智者的行為,也是一種高尚的追求。
[Abstract]:The new criticism is a great influence in the literary world in twentieth Century, text centered formalist criticism genre, which began in twentieth Century 20s and 30s, in 50s and 60s to decline. The new criticism has experienced nearly forty years of development, although many members and the theory of complex, but "irony" but as a key concept throughout the entire process in the development of new criticism, sent here in new criticism, "irony" is the unique nature of existence as a literary language, new criticism not only absorbed the essence of traditional theories of irony, irony and expands the connotation. Because of the new criticism and irony are popular, while the flood weakened due to excessive use of new criticism, but irony did not disappear, it is always in a special way in people's life. As the stage of history, criticism, new criticism of the historical and cultural background and theory origin is Can not be ignored. At the end of nineteenth Century and early twentieth Century, the British literary criticism still to emphasize the subjective feelings of impression criticism, with a strong subjectivism and liberal criticism. Aiming at the situation, the new criticism advocated the establishment of an effective system of literary criticism theory, a theorist of the New Criticism based on the essence of tradition irony, irony from a philosophical category will expand the field of criticism to literature, eventually in the efforts of many theorists, irony of the new criticism theory construction and practice of criticism fruitful. Irony is a complex and subtle concept of understanding of irony is an important means for deep understanding of irony irony as one of the core concepts. The new criticism, its growth process is long, almost all of the new criticism theorists have discussed, but this is most thoroughly into practice The most is Brooks. Brooks's literary criticism is not subjective, self oriented way, but as the standard of irony in the detailed analysis of irony in literature. Brooks's view is a kind of literary structure principles and methods of criticism, Brooks's irony criticism will develop new criticism theory of irony to a climax. Although the irony in the aspects of theory and practice have achieved fruitful results, but there are also shortcomings, they emphasize the text while ignoring the factor of "the world", and ultimately lead to new criticism into the predicament. Although the irony of the dilemma in 1960s, but not disappeared in Not the least trace was found. of popular culture, post modern, it has the growth of new soil. After the irony the unique spirit of the kernel and the era of mass culture pursuit with irony again found to expand the territory. In the post-modern context, irony has penetrated into our daily life. It is better for us to understand irony and to treat life with aloof irony. It's a wise man's behavior and a noble pursuit.

【學位授予單位】：廣西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I06

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