論巴赫音樂的世俗性
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-22 13:44
【摘要】：約翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴赫1685年生于德國的愛森納赫，祖輩皆以音樂為生，有很多還是當?shù)赜忻臉穾�。而巴赫生活的時代，是歐洲歷史上有名的文藝復興時期。歐洲諸國在經(jīng)歷了教會漫長而黑暗的一千年統(tǒng)治后，教會的地位逐漸下降，人的價值則越來越被重視�？茖W、哲學、藝術等領域呈現(xiàn)一派欣欣向榮的景象。隨著馬丁·路德金的宗教改革，德國的宗教音樂組成也開始變化。他創(chuàng)制的眾贊歌以德語為歌詞，旋律均來自民間曲調(diào)。而作為虔誠的新教徒，巴赫把這位宗教領袖創(chuàng)造的新體裁發(fā)揚光大。其作品反映人民真實生活，從多方面呈現(xiàn)出世俗性。 全文由緒論和正文的四章組成，緒論闡述了本論文的研究背景和研究現(xiàn)狀。 第一章開門見山提出巴赫世俗性的概念，首先交代巴赫所處時代的大宗教背景，指出文中所提世俗性與當今社會不是同一概念。 在第二章中，闡述了巴赫音樂世俗性產(chǎn)生的歷史背景和原因。首先，通過對于基督教義的解讀、馬丁路德宗教改革分析以及巴赫對于宗教的態(tài)度來闡釋宗教對于巴赫世俗性的影響。第二，描述文藝復興時期人文思想及巴洛克時期藝術風格對于巴赫音樂世俗性的影響。第三，對其個人成長經(jīng)歷做了補充分析。通過對巴赫六個不同時期的成長、生活、學習以及工作的具體情況描述，展現(xiàn)了一個立體的、有血有肉的巴赫。其中包括了他幼年喪失雙親、與哥哥共同生活、童年的學習經(jīng)歷、與同行之間的競爭以及與權貴的矛盾等等；然后分時期對其主要的音樂作品進行了總結。因為巴赫盡職盡責，做管風琴師的時候就寫下大量管風琴曲鍵盤曲，做宮廷樂師的時候就一心寫樂隊合奏形式。所以他的創(chuàng)作活動十分易于梳理——即創(chuàng)作跟著工作走，無論到哪里工作，都盡力創(chuàng)作符合自己職業(yè)的音樂體裁。而他不斷換工作的原因，則是為了賺取更豐厚的報酬以養(yǎng)家糊口。隨后，是對于巴赫一生所做貢獻的歸納：如今以作曲家名滿天下的巴赫，生前卻是以管風琴博得大家認可的。除了演奏管風琴，他還是夠格的制琴師。他對于十二平均律的推廣以及在復調(diào)音樂上取得的巔峰成就，使得他當成無愧地被稱為“歐洲音樂之父”。他的《十二平均律鋼琴曲集》已成為后人研究作曲和鍵盤演奏的典范。 第三章通過對巴赫的兩類音樂（宗教音樂和世俗音樂）中的多體裁進行分析，在樂譜中、音響里、創(chuàng)作背景上找尋世俗性的蹤跡。他的創(chuàng)作涉及非常廣，除了歌劇，幾乎所有體裁都有作品。為宗教創(chuàng)作了康塔塔、受難樂、贊美歌等體裁，，世俗體裁主要是器樂曲（也有世俗康塔塔，是大型合唱），包括了變奏曲、協(xié)奏曲、奏鳴曲等。 第四章為對巴赫音樂世俗性的總結和思考，提出其世俗性的進步性以及對于當今藝術的啟示性。并寫下一些筆者對于演奏巴赫的新思考。
[Abstract]:Johann Sebastian Bach was born in Eisenach, Germany, in 1685. Bach lived in a period known as the Renaissance in European history. After a long and dark millennia of the church, the status of the church has gradually declined, and the value of man has been paid more and more attention to in the European countries. Science, philosophy, art and other fields show a thriving scene. With the religious reform of Martin Ludkin, the composition of religious music in Germany began to change. His hymns are written in German, with melodies from folk tunes. As a devout Protestant, Bach carried forward the new genre created by the religious leader. His works reflect the real life of the people and present a secular nature in many ways. The thesis is composed of four chapters: introduction, background and current situation. In the first chapter, the author puts forward the concept of Bach's secularism, first of all, explains the big religious background of Bach's time, and points out that the secular nature mentioned in this paper is not the same concept as that mentioned in today's society. In the second chapter, it expounds the historical background and reasons of the secular nature of Bach's music. First of all, through the interpretation of Christian meaning, the analysis of Martin Luther's religious reform and Bach's attitude to religion, this paper explains the influence of religion on Bach's secular nature. Secondly, it describes the influence of Renaissance humanistic thought and Baroque artistic style on Bach's music. Third, the personal growth experience of the supplementary analysis. By describing the growth, life, study and work of Bach in six different periods, this paper presents a solid, flesh and blood Bach. It includes his childhood loss of parents, living with his brother, his childhood learning experience, competition with his peers and contradictions with the rich and powerful, and then summarizes his main music works in different periods. Because Bach did his duty and wrote a lot of organ songs while he was an organist, and a court musician devoted himself to the form of orchestra ensemble. So his creative activities are very easy to sort out-that is, to work with his work, wherever he works, to create a genre of music that suits his profession. The reason he kept changing jobs was to earn more money to support his family. Then there was a summary of Bach's contributions to his life: Bach, now famous as a composer, had won recognition for his organ. In addition to playing the organ, he is a qualified pianist. His promotion of the law of twelve and his pinnacle in polyphonic music make him a worthy "father of European music". His collection of twelve-average piano music has become a model for later generations to study composition and keyboard playing. The third chapter analyzes Bach's two kinds of music (religious music and secular music) in order to find the secular trace in music score sound creation background. His works are so extensive that almost all genres except operas have works. For the religious creation of Contata, crucifixion, praise songs and other genres, secular genre is mainly instrumental music (also secular Conta, is a large chorus), including variations, Concerto, sonata and so on. The fourth chapter summarizes and ponders the secular nature of Bach's music, and puts forward its progressiveness and enlightenment to contemporary art. And write down some of the writer's new thinking about playing Bach.
【學位授予單位】：江西財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：J605
本文編號：2413264
[Abstract]:Johann Sebastian Bach was born in Eisenach, Germany, in 1685. Bach lived in a period known as the Renaissance in European history. After a long and dark millennia of the church, the status of the church has gradually declined, and the value of man has been paid more and more attention to in the European countries. Science, philosophy, art and other fields show a thriving scene. With the religious reform of Martin Ludkin, the composition of religious music in Germany began to change. His hymns are written in German, with melodies from folk tunes. As a devout Protestant, Bach carried forward the new genre created by the religious leader. His works reflect the real life of the people and present a secular nature in many ways. The thesis is composed of four chapters: introduction, background and current situation. In the first chapter, the author puts forward the concept of Bach's secularism, first of all, explains the big religious background of Bach's time, and points out that the secular nature mentioned in this paper is not the same concept as that mentioned in today's society. In the second chapter, it expounds the historical background and reasons of the secular nature of Bach's music. First of all, through the interpretation of Christian meaning, the analysis of Martin Luther's religious reform and Bach's attitude to religion, this paper explains the influence of religion on Bach's secular nature. Secondly, it describes the influence of Renaissance humanistic thought and Baroque artistic style on Bach's music. Third, the personal growth experience of the supplementary analysis. By describing the growth, life, study and work of Bach in six different periods, this paper presents a solid, flesh and blood Bach. It includes his childhood loss of parents, living with his brother, his childhood learning experience, competition with his peers and contradictions with the rich and powerful, and then summarizes his main music works in different periods. Because Bach did his duty and wrote a lot of organ songs while he was an organist, and a court musician devoted himself to the form of orchestra ensemble. So his creative activities are very easy to sort out-that is, to work with his work, wherever he works, to create a genre of music that suits his profession. The reason he kept changing jobs was to earn more money to support his family. Then there was a summary of Bach's contributions to his life: Bach, now famous as a composer, had won recognition for his organ. In addition to playing the organ, he is a qualified pianist. His promotion of the law of twelve and his pinnacle in polyphonic music make him a worthy "father of European music". His collection of twelve-average piano music has become a model for later generations to study composition and keyboard playing. The third chapter analyzes Bach's two kinds of music (religious music and secular music) in order to find the secular trace in music score sound creation background. His works are so extensive that almost all genres except operas have works. For the religious creation of Contata, crucifixion, praise songs and other genres, secular genre is mainly instrumental music (also secular Conta, is a large chorus), including variations, Concerto, sonata and so on. The fourth chapter summarizes and ponders the secular nature of Bach's music, and puts forward its progressiveness and enlightenment to contemporary art. And write down some of the writer's new thinking about playing Bach.
【學位授予單位】：江西財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：J605
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