土家族上梁歌的音樂文化研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-13 12:47
【摘要】：土家族民俗歌因上梁歌而聞名遐邇,圍繞這種音樂文化的產(chǎn)生和來源對今后的影響,來研究上梁歌是反映土家族廣大勞動人民的心聲,表現(xiàn)出人們對社會情感,也是在反映土家族人們思想和民間精神風貌,具有一定的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文以土家族上梁歌的音樂文化為主要研究對象,首先概述了上梁歌的起源與發(fā)展,對土家族上梁歌音樂文化研究從形態(tài)描述中,一一描述上梁歌在儀式中表演所需的全部歌詞,試圖客觀真實的再現(xiàn)土家族的上梁歌的儀式;其次對上梁歌音樂文化認同和行為進行文化解讀,研究了上梁歌表演中口傳和文本的關系,文本限制上梁歌口傳的創(chuàng)作主觀性和文本豐富上梁歌表演口傳文化的發(fā)展；之后對上梁歌的音樂表現(xiàn)作出研究,分析了上梁歌的數(shù)詞與色彩語言,上梁歌非語言系統(tǒng)的民俗性通過對上梁歌的行為符號、實物符號來做出概述；再次講到上梁歌的原始宗教精氣神靈信仰,對上梁中的神歌、空間神化的審美體現(xiàn)、空間神性,命象祈求、自然取象,人神融合、人即自然,人神相通這些分類做出不同的研究,最后從上梁歌音樂文化的旋律特點和歌唱方法兩方面來分析做出研究。從上梁歌的起源發(fā)展到多個層面的分析,來思考土家族的上梁歌的意義和價值,有著一定的積極作用。 而隨著社會經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展,人們生活水平不斷的提高,土家族傳統(tǒng)的居住方式發(fā)生了變化,傳統(tǒng)的建房習俗的生存空間不斷萎縮,乃至出現(xiàn)了生存危機的境況,而頻危的上梁歌音樂文化,首先,具有相當?shù)氖妨蟽r值,土家族的上梁歌作為民族性的文化傳承,由古至今皆有相關文獻對其進行記載,為相關研究提供了一定的文獻參考,但多數(shù)資料僅是記述過程,未進行深入研究。本課題在前人研究上梁歌的基礎上,對上梁歌的音樂“文化”進行了深度挖掘。這有助于我們了解土家人的風土習俗,了解作為“非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)”的上梁歌背后掩藏的特有的“文化烙印”和“民族生存”之路,亦為今后的研究提供有力的參考。上梁歌的底蘊是對生活的向往與創(chuàng)造,滲透著非常濃郁的民俗文化、空間神化、審美文化,涵蓋著土家族人們求生存避害、祈福、趨疾、保平安的全過程。其形式獨具魅力,文化底蘊極其深厚,尤其是其體現(xiàn)出眾多的文化功能,如審美功能、生存功能、文化功能、音樂功能等等。土家族上梁歌正在失去傳統(tǒng)的傳承環(huán)境與方式而瀕臨消亡,這種音樂文化習俗在我國其它民族中已經(jīng)很少見,在土家族這種建房儀式所唱的音樂文化即將消失之際,本文記錄這些信息,這對于研究我國民族音樂文化無疑是非常寶貴的資料,上梁歌的音樂文化是土家人長期文化積累的結果,也是了解土家族的民族心理,探討土家族文化的一個重要窗口�？设b于現(xiàn)今此專項研究文獻少,該領域呈現(xiàn)出對填補空白的需要,所以,本課題研究具非常重要的學術及研究價值。
[Abstract]:The folk songs of Tujia nationality are famous for their songs in the Liang Dynasty. The study of the folk songs of the Tujia nationality reflects the aspirations of the working people of the Tujia nationality and shows the people's feelings towards the society around the generation and source of the music culture. It is also a reflection of Tujia people's thoughts and folk spirit, which has certain practical significance. This paper takes the music culture of the Tujia Shangliang song as the main research object, first of all, it summarizes the origin and development of the Shangliang song, and describes the music culture of the Tujia Shangliang song from the form description. Describe all the lyrics needed to perform the song in the ceremony, trying to objectively and truly reproduce the ceremony of the Tujia people; Secondly, it interprets the cultural identity and behavior of Shangliang song music, studies the relationship between oral transmission and text in Shangliang song performance, limits the creation subjectivity of Shangliang song oral transmission and enriches the development of Shangliang song performance oral culture. After that, the author studies the music performance of the song, and analyzes the numeral and color language of the song. The folk custom of the non-language system of the song is summarized by the behavioral symbol and the physical symbol of the song. Again speaking of the original religion of the Song of the Shang Liang, the belief of spirit, spirit and spirit, the aesthetic embodiment of the divine song in the upper beam, the aesthetic embodiment of the deification of space, the supplication of the divinity of space, the supplication of nature, the fusion of man and god, and the combination of man and God, man is nature. People and gods communicate with each other to make different research. Finally, the melody characteristics and singing methods of the music culture of Shangliang Song are analyzed and studied. From the origin of Shangliang Song to the analysis of many aspects, it has a certain positive effect to think about the significance and value of Tujia Shangliang Song. With the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the traditional living style of Tujia nationality has changed, the living space of traditional house building custom has been shrinking, and even the situation of survival crisis has appeared. The frequently endangered music culture of Shangliang Song, first of all, has considerable historical value. As a cultural heritage of nationality, Tujia Shangliang Song has been recorded by relevant documents from ancient times to now, which provides a certain literature reference for relevant research. However, most of the data are only descriptive process and have not been studied in depth. On the basis of the previous research on Shangliang song, this paper deeply excavates the music "culture" of Shangliang song. This is helpful for us to understand the customs of the Tujia people, to understand the unique "cultural imprint" and "national survival" hidden behind the "intangible cultural heritage", and to provide a strong reference for future research. The essence of the song is the yearning for and creation of life, permeating the very rich folk culture, space deification, aesthetic culture, covering the Tujia people seeking survival, blessing, disease, and the whole process of peace. Its form has the unique charm, the cultural background is extremely deep, especially it embodies many cultural functions, such as aesthetic function, survival function, cultural function, music function and so on. Tujia Shangliang song is losing its traditional environment and way of passing on and is on the verge of extinction. This musical cultural custom is very rare among other nationalities in our country. At a time when the music culture of the Tujia nationality's house-building ceremony is about to disappear, This paper records this information, which is undoubtedly very valuable for the study of Chinese folk music culture. The music culture of Shangliang Song is the result of the accumulation of the Tujia people's long-term culture, and it is also the understanding of the Tujia nationality's national psychology. To explore an important window of Tujia culture. In view of the lack of research literature and the need to fill the gap, this research has very important academic and research value.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：J607
本文編號：2329148
[Abstract]:The folk songs of Tujia nationality are famous for their songs in the Liang Dynasty. The study of the folk songs of the Tujia nationality reflects the aspirations of the working people of the Tujia nationality and shows the people's feelings towards the society around the generation and source of the music culture. It is also a reflection of Tujia people's thoughts and folk spirit, which has certain practical significance. This paper takes the music culture of the Tujia Shangliang song as the main research object, first of all, it summarizes the origin and development of the Shangliang song, and describes the music culture of the Tujia Shangliang song from the form description. Describe all the lyrics needed to perform the song in the ceremony, trying to objectively and truly reproduce the ceremony of the Tujia people; Secondly, it interprets the cultural identity and behavior of Shangliang song music, studies the relationship between oral transmission and text in Shangliang song performance, limits the creation subjectivity of Shangliang song oral transmission and enriches the development of Shangliang song performance oral culture. After that, the author studies the music performance of the song, and analyzes the numeral and color language of the song. The folk custom of the non-language system of the song is summarized by the behavioral symbol and the physical symbol of the song. Again speaking of the original religion of the Song of the Shang Liang, the belief of spirit, spirit and spirit, the aesthetic embodiment of the divine song in the upper beam, the aesthetic embodiment of the deification of space, the supplication of the divinity of space, the supplication of nature, the fusion of man and god, and the combination of man and God, man is nature. People and gods communicate with each other to make different research. Finally, the melody characteristics and singing methods of the music culture of Shangliang Song are analyzed and studied. From the origin of Shangliang Song to the analysis of many aspects, it has a certain positive effect to think about the significance and value of Tujia Shangliang Song. With the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the traditional living style of Tujia nationality has changed, the living space of traditional house building custom has been shrinking, and even the situation of survival crisis has appeared. The frequently endangered music culture of Shangliang Song, first of all, has considerable historical value. As a cultural heritage of nationality, Tujia Shangliang Song has been recorded by relevant documents from ancient times to now, which provides a certain literature reference for relevant research. However, most of the data are only descriptive process and have not been studied in depth. On the basis of the previous research on Shangliang song, this paper deeply excavates the music "culture" of Shangliang song. This is helpful for us to understand the customs of the Tujia people, to understand the unique "cultural imprint" and "national survival" hidden behind the "intangible cultural heritage", and to provide a strong reference for future research. The essence of the song is the yearning for and creation of life, permeating the very rich folk culture, space deification, aesthetic culture, covering the Tujia people seeking survival, blessing, disease, and the whole process of peace. Its form has the unique charm, the cultural background is extremely deep, especially it embodies many cultural functions, such as aesthetic function, survival function, cultural function, music function and so on. Tujia Shangliang song is losing its traditional environment and way of passing on and is on the verge of extinction. This musical cultural custom is very rare among other nationalities in our country. At a time when the music culture of the Tujia nationality's house-building ceremony is about to disappear, This paper records this information, which is undoubtedly very valuable for the study of Chinese folk music culture. The music culture of Shangliang Song is the result of the accumulation of the Tujia people's long-term culture, and it is also the understanding of the Tujia nationality's national psychology. To explore an important window of Tujia culture. In view of the lack of research literature and the need to fill the gap, this research has very important academic and research value.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：J607
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