本文選題：新疆焉耆地區(qū) + 非物質文化遺產�。� 參考：《新疆師范大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：花兒是流傳在西北甘、青、寧、新四�。▍^(qū)）回、漢、撒拉、東鄉(xiāng)、保安、裕固、土族、藏族等民族中的一種山歌形式，又稱“少年”或“野曲”。1它歷史悠久、內容豐富，是中國豐富多彩的民間音樂中獨具特色的一支“藝術奇葩”�；刈迨腔▋焊璺N傳承與發(fā)展的主要民族，回族花兒帶有濃郁的地域特點和民族特色。新疆回族的花兒主要是源自青海省和甘肅省的“河湟花兒”，是一種山歌體民歌。2花兒在新疆主要分布在昌吉回族自治州、伊犁哈薩克自治州和焉耆回族自治縣等地區(qū)。 新疆的花兒除保持了原有的唱腔和韻味外，還大量吸收與融合了當?shù)氐奈幕�，因而在花兒的句式、押韻形式、襯字、襯詞、襯句及演唱上，都形成了自己的風格，成為別具特色的新疆花兒。其中，焉耆回族花兒主要為河州（甘肅省臨夏回族自治州）類型。焉耆回民來自于青海、寧夏、甘肅地區(qū)，在漫長的歷史發(fā)展中，經過不斷的民族遷徙與融合，焉耆花兒在繼承了河州花兒的基礎上，不斷演變，形成了自己獨特的風格。2006年，焉耆花兒和昌吉花兒合并成“新疆花兒”正式被國務院列為第一批國家非物質文化遺產。 花兒作為西北地區(qū)獨特的民間藝術形式，一直被國內外學者關注，但是研究者大多關注的是甘肅、青海等地的花兒，新疆花兒（尤其是焉耆花兒）卻少有人探討。本文通過大量的田野調查，對焉耆花兒藝術的藝術載體進行分析，并結合傳承現(xiàn)狀，總結和反思現(xiàn)有傳承的優(yōu)缺點，探索更科學和可持續(xù)的保護非物質文化遺產的方法，以達到開拓和發(fā)展新的少數(shù)民族文化在當今社會的空間。 全文共分五部分：第一部分是緒論。主要對本文章的研究目的和緣起、研究現(xiàn)狀、研究的內容和方法進行評述。第二部分是對焉耆花兒產生和發(fā)展的生態(tài)環(huán)境做較為詳細的闡述。全面的展現(xiàn)焉耆花兒產生的歷史、地理、人文背景和起源。第三部分是焉耆花兒的本體分析。通過與河湟花兒的對比來分析焉耆花兒的歌詞、旋律特點。第四部分是焉耆花兒傳承現(xiàn)狀的調查。通過傳承現(xiàn)狀的調查，，分析焉耆花兒在焉耆的傳承方式。第五部分是焉耆花兒傳承現(xiàn)狀的思考。結合當代花兒藝術傳承現(xiàn)狀，提出完善和建立傳承體系的措施。
[Abstract]:Flowers are a form of folk songs circulating in northwest Gansu, Qing, Ning, New four provinces (districts), Han, Sala, Dongxiang, Baoan, Yugu, Tu, Tibetan, etc., also known as "teenagers" or "Wild songs" .1 it has a long history and is rich in content. China's colorful folk music is unique in a "rare flower of art." Hui nationality is the main nationality in the inheritance and development of flowers and songs, and the flowers of Hui nationality have rich regional and national characteristics. The flowers of Hui nationality in Xinjiang are mainly from "Hehuang Flower" in Qinghai Province and Gansu Province. It is a kind of folk song, which is mainly distributed in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture and Yanqi Hui Autonomous County in Xinjiang. In addition to maintaining the original singing and rhyme, the flowers in Xinjiang have also absorbed and merged the local culture in a large number. As a result, they have formed their own style in the sentence patterns, rhyme forms, lined characters, lining words, lining sentences and singing of the flowers. To become a unique Xinjiang flower. Among them, Yanqi Hui mainly for the type of Huizhou (Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province). Yanqi Hui people come from Qinghai, Ningxia and Gansu regions. In the course of long historical development, Yanqi flowers have evolved and formed their own unique style on the basis of inheriting the flowers of Hezhou through the continuous migration and integration of nationalities. In 2006, Yanqi Flower and Changji Flower merged into Xinjiang Flower, which was officially listed as the first national intangible cultural heritage by the State Council. As a unique form of folk art in Northwest China, scholars at home and abroad have been paying close attention to it. However, most of the researchers pay attention to the flowers in Gansu, Qinghai and other places, but the flowers in Xinjiang (especially in Yanqi) are seldom discussed. Through a lot of fieldwork, this paper analyzes the artistic carrier of Yanqi art, and combines with the present situation of inheritance, summarizes and reflects on the merits and demerits of the existing heritage, and explores more scientific and sustainable methods to protect the intangible cultural heritage. In order to open up and develop new minority culture in today's society space. The paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction. This paper mainly reviews the purpose and origin of this article, research status, research content and methods. The second part is to elaborate the ecological environment of Yanqi flower production and development in detail. A comprehensive display of the history, geography, human background and origin of Yanqi flowers. The third part is the ontology analysis of Yanqi flower. This paper analyzes the lyrics and melody of Yanqi flowers by comparing them with Hehuang flowers. The fourth part is the investigation of the status quo of Yanqi flower inheritance. Through the investigation of the present situation of inheritance, this paper analyzes the inheritance of Yanqi flower in Yanqi. The fifth part is the present situation of Yanqi flower inheritance. Combined with the present situation of contemporary flower art inheritance, the measures to perfect and establish inheritance system are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：新疆師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：J607

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