發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-01 15:44

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 悲愴 癲狂 文人階層 狀態(tài) 演變　出處：《江西科技師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：元代繪畫的繁盛，突出地表現(xiàn)于文人畫。在各類繪畫樣式中，“文人畫”占主導(dǎo)地位，其他民間繪畫次之。論畫標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，也以文人畫超逸風(fēng)格為最高品。此時(shí)期，文人畫強(qiáng)調(diào)“畫法，即書法所在”，①要求書、畫緊密結(jié)合，而且成為風(fēng)尚。這一新的藝術(shù)走向，是元代文人畫對(duì)中國傳統(tǒng)繪畫在藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)手法與藝術(shù)審美追求上，取得的一個(gè)新的突破。 元朝統(tǒng)治者以強(qiáng)大的武力征服了全國，，民族矛盾和階級(jí)矛盾異常尖銳的存在。背負(fù)著亡國喪權(quán)的局面與壓力，元代文人惟有以筆墨來消解心中積郁和苦痛，表現(xiàn)高潔情趣的墨竹、蘭、梅等也成為專題創(chuàng)作。這是一個(gè)讓人“悲愴”時(shí)代，“悲愴”也成為這個(gè)時(shí)期的社會(huì)基調(diào)。尤其在元初，在歷史的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)上，這樣的現(xiàn)象尤為突出。一批性格剛烈的文人借用筆墨“激進(jìn)”地進(jìn)行著反抗斗爭，并以一種藝術(shù)的“癲狂”狀態(tài)表現(xiàn)出對(duì)社會(huì)的強(qiáng)烈憤ar，其熱烈程度勝過以往的任何時(shí)期。伴隨著社會(huì)的相對(duì)融合，這種“癲狂”也逐漸由熱變冷，由激越轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橄鄬?duì)冷靜。藝術(shù)家對(duì)社會(huì)的認(rèn)知悄然地發(fā)生著改變，長時(shí)期的政治高壓麻木了文人的心靈，“淡泊”、“無為”轉(zhuǎn)化為“釋然”，元代的文人畫風(fēng)格由此發(fā)生了新的演變。 文人繪畫藝術(shù)在這一時(shí)期發(fā)生了很大變化，也取得了無可企及的成就。元代的文人畫是繪畫史上畫風(fēng)大轉(zhuǎn)變時(shí)期，文人士大夫畫家對(duì)藝術(shù)的敏感和“癲狂”，充分表現(xiàn)在對(duì)于選擇題材和筆墨藝術(shù)效果的認(rèn)識(shí)和實(shí)踐之中。元代繪畫的轉(zhuǎn)變和成就，對(duì)于后朝的繪畫，尤其是文人畫的發(fā)展起到了極為深遠(yuǎn)的影響。
[Abstract]:In all kinds of painting styles, "literati painting" occupies the leading position, and other folk paintings take second place. On the painting standard, the literati painting style is the highest. Literati painting emphasizes "painting method, that is where calligraphy is", which is a new art trend. It is a new breakthrough in artistic expression and aesthetic pursuit of traditional Chinese painting in Yuan Dynasty. The rulers of the Yuan Dynasty conquered the whole country with powerful force, and the ethnic contradictions and class contradictions were extremely sharp. They were burdened with the situation and pressure of the loss of power in the subjugation of the country, and the literati of the Yuan Dynasty could only eliminate the depression and pain in their hearts with pen and ink. Mo bamboo, orchid, plum and so on, which show high and clean interest, have also become special works. This is an era of "Pathetique", and "Pathetique" has also become the social keynote of this period, especially in the early Yuan Dynasty, at the turning point of history. This phenomenon is particularly prominent. A group of strong-character literati "radical" on the use of pen and ink to fight against the struggle, and with an artistic "crazy" state to show a strong anger to society ar. With the relative integration of society, this "madness" has gradually changed from heat to cold, from agitation to relative calm. The artist's cognition of society is changing quietly. A long period of political pressure numbed the minds of literati, "indifferent", "inaction" into "relief", the literati painting style of Yuan Dynasty has undergone a new evolution. Literati painting art in this period has undergone great changes, but also made unattainable achievements. The Yuan Dynasty literati painting is a period of great changes in the painting history, literati, officials and painters sensitive to art and "crazy." The changes and achievements of painting in Yuan Dynasty had a profound influence on the development of later dynasties painting, especially the development of literati painting.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西科技師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：J212

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本文編號(hào)：1482221