基于KANO-QFD集成的寒地商業(yè)建筑外部空間優(yōu)化策略研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-20 09:55
【摘要】：商品經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展與國民生活水平的提高,推進了商業(yè)建筑數(shù)量的增加、建筑規(guī)模的擴大、建筑功能的完善以及建筑屬性的轉(zhuǎn)變。商業(yè)建筑外部空間作為商業(yè)建筑的重要組成部分,越來越受到消費者、城市居民、規(guī)劃師與設計師的重視,并充實人們的消費內(nèi)容、塑造人們的消費行為,其空間品質(zhì)關系到消費人群的消費品質(zhì)與消費方式。對于城市來說,商業(yè)建筑外部空間兼具城市外部空間屬性,因此商業(yè)建筑外部空間也影響城市空間格局與空間形態(tài)。在寒地城市的商業(yè)建筑外部空間,由于主觀與客觀、自然與人為因素的存在,使其發(fā)展受到了一定程度的制約與影響。首先,冬季嚴寒氣候嚴苛,歷時時間長,給消費過程中的各個環(huán)節(jié)造成不利影響。其次,由于商業(yè)建筑外部空間在規(guī)劃與設計時往往忽略消費者的主觀需求,使得設計結果事與愿違。另外,作為城市公共空間的重要組成部分,商業(yè)建筑外部空間的規(guī)劃設計與城市層面脫節(jié),使得其城市功能得不到發(fā)揮,使得城市正常運行受制,影響城市系統(tǒng)、全面的發(fā)展�；诤厣虡I(yè)建筑外部空間的現(xiàn)狀與問題,本研究引入KANO-QFD集成模型,將QFD的質(zhì)量功能開源,并與KANO模型對接起來作為分析大型商業(yè)建筑外部空間設計要素權重,以及實現(xiàn)其外部空間精準化設計的新方法,為既有建筑設計與研究方法體系提供新的思路。本研究在對商業(yè)建筑外部空間使用者進行問卷調(diào)查之前,首先通過文獻查閱、專家訪談、實地調(diào)研等方法擬定了一系列寒地商業(yè)建筑外部空間的使用者需求,內(nèi)容涵蓋人群活動類型、活動場地范圍、人行車行流線組織、停車場設置、景觀小品設施的設計、基礎設施的配置、建筑界面與外環(huán)境的關系等方面,為尋求使用者對外部空間設計最直接的建議。接著是對調(diào)查內(nèi)容進行分層次與整理,剔除與設計無關要素,從而得到包括商業(yè)區(qū)位、可達性、基礎設施配置等13個主項與31個分項,以此形成調(diào)查問卷的主要內(nèi)容。通過對受訪消費者的調(diào)查,將其對寒地商業(yè)建筑外部空間的各方面需求進行匯總、分類、篩選,并根據(jù)必須型需求、期望型需求以及魅力型需求等層級進行分級。根據(jù)調(diào)研結果,本研究將寒地商業(yè)建筑外部空間的優(yōu)化內(nèi)容大體分為城市開放性優(yōu)化、可達性優(yōu)化、城市性優(yōu)化、氣候適應性優(yōu)化以及特殊性優(yōu)化等方面,并根據(jù)各自存在的現(xiàn)狀問題、自身特性以及使用者的現(xiàn)實需求,有針對性的對各部分提出優(yōu)化措施與策略。本研究借助KANO-QFD集成模型評價使用者需求的方法,將商業(yè)建筑外部空間設計在研究層面、設計層面與使用層面之間實現(xiàn)了對接,以待能夠提升寒地大型商業(yè)建筑外部空間的設計水平,最終實現(xiàn)增強大型商業(yè)建筑外部空間作為“城市客廳”的經(jīng)濟效益、文化效益、社會效益的目標。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of commodity economy and the improvement of national living standard, the number of commercial buildings, the expansion of building scale, the perfection of architectural function and the transformation of architectural attributes have been promoted. As an important part of commercial architecture, the external space of commercial building is paid more and more attention by consumers, urban residents, planners and designers, and enriches people's consumption content and shapes people's consumption behavior. Its spatial quality is related to the consumption quality and consumption mode of consumers. For the city, the outer space of the commercial building has the attribute of the outer space of the city, so the outer space of the commercial building also affects the spatial pattern and the spatial form of the city. In the outer space of commercial buildings in cold cities, the development of commercial buildings is restricted and influenced to a certain extent because of the existence of subjective and objective, natural and human factors. First of all, severe winter cold weather, long time, to the process of consumption has a negative impact. Secondly, because the external space of commercial buildings often ignores the subjective needs of consumers when planning and designing, the design results backfire. In addition, as an important part of the urban public space, the planning and design of the outer space of commercial buildings is out of touch with the urban level, which makes the urban function not play, makes the normal operation of the city restricted, affects the urban system, and the overall development. Based on the current situation and problems of the outer space of commercial buildings in cold region, this paper introduces the KANO-QFD integration model, open source the quality function of QFD, and docks with the KANO model as the weight of external space design elements of large commercial buildings. And the new method to realize the precision design of the outer space provides a new idea for the existing architectural design and research method system. Before the questionnaire survey on the users of the outer space of the commercial buildings, the paper first draws up a series of users' needs of the outer space of the commercial buildings in the cold region by the methods of literature review, expert interviews, field research and so on. The contents cover the types of activities of the crowd, the scope of the activity site, the organization of pedestrian lines, the setting of parking lots, the design of landscape sketch facilities, the configuration of infrastructure, the relationship between the building interface and the external environment, and so on. The most direct advice for the user to design the outer space. Then, the contents of the survey are classified and sorted out, eliminating the elements unrelated to the design, and thus obtaining 13 main items and 31 sub-items, including commercial area location, accessibility, infrastructure allocation and so on, so as to form the main contents of the questionnaire. Through the survey of the consumers interviewed, the paper summarizes, classifies, sifts and classifies all aspects of the outer space needs of commercial buildings in cold regions, and classifies them according to the levels of necessary demand, expectation demand and charm demand. According to the research results, the content of the outer space optimization of commercial buildings in cold region is divided into urban open optimization, accessibility optimization, urban optimization, climate adaptability optimization and particularity optimization, etc. According to their existing problems, their own characteristics and the actual needs of users, this paper puts forward the optimization measures and strategies for each part. With the help of KANO-QFD integrated model to evaluate the needs of users, the external space design of commercial buildings is connected at the research level, between the design level and the use level. In order to improve the design level of the outer space of the large commercial building in cold area, the goal of enhancing the external space of the large commercial building as the economic benefit, cultural benefit and social benefit of the "city living room" is finally realized.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU247
本文編號：2427068
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of commodity economy and the improvement of national living standard, the number of commercial buildings, the expansion of building scale, the perfection of architectural function and the transformation of architectural attributes have been promoted. As an important part of commercial architecture, the external space of commercial building is paid more and more attention by consumers, urban residents, planners and designers, and enriches people's consumption content and shapes people's consumption behavior. Its spatial quality is related to the consumption quality and consumption mode of consumers. For the city, the outer space of the commercial building has the attribute of the outer space of the city, so the outer space of the commercial building also affects the spatial pattern and the spatial form of the city. In the outer space of commercial buildings in cold cities, the development of commercial buildings is restricted and influenced to a certain extent because of the existence of subjective and objective, natural and human factors. First of all, severe winter cold weather, long time, to the process of consumption has a negative impact. Secondly, because the external space of commercial buildings often ignores the subjective needs of consumers when planning and designing, the design results backfire. In addition, as an important part of the urban public space, the planning and design of the outer space of commercial buildings is out of touch with the urban level, which makes the urban function not play, makes the normal operation of the city restricted, affects the urban system, and the overall development. Based on the current situation and problems of the outer space of commercial buildings in cold region, this paper introduces the KANO-QFD integration model, open source the quality function of QFD, and docks with the KANO model as the weight of external space design elements of large commercial buildings. And the new method to realize the precision design of the outer space provides a new idea for the existing architectural design and research method system. Before the questionnaire survey on the users of the outer space of the commercial buildings, the paper first draws up a series of users' needs of the outer space of the commercial buildings in the cold region by the methods of literature review, expert interviews, field research and so on. The contents cover the types of activities of the crowd, the scope of the activity site, the organization of pedestrian lines, the setting of parking lots, the design of landscape sketch facilities, the configuration of infrastructure, the relationship between the building interface and the external environment, and so on. The most direct advice for the user to design the outer space. Then, the contents of the survey are classified and sorted out, eliminating the elements unrelated to the design, and thus obtaining 13 main items and 31 sub-items, including commercial area location, accessibility, infrastructure allocation and so on, so as to form the main contents of the questionnaire. Through the survey of the consumers interviewed, the paper summarizes, classifies, sifts and classifies all aspects of the outer space needs of commercial buildings in cold regions, and classifies them according to the levels of necessary demand, expectation demand and charm demand. According to the research results, the content of the outer space optimization of commercial buildings in cold region is divided into urban open optimization, accessibility optimization, urban optimization, climate adaptability optimization and particularity optimization, etc. According to their existing problems, their own characteristics and the actual needs of users, this paper puts forward the optimization measures and strategies for each part. With the help of KANO-QFD integrated model to evaluate the needs of users, the external space design of commercial buildings is connected at the research level, between the design level and the use level. In order to improve the design level of the outer space of the large commercial building in cold area, the goal of enhancing the external space of the large commercial building as the economic benefit, cultural benefit and social benefit of the "city living room" is finally realized.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU247
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