本文選題：草原公路 + 模擬駕駛�。� 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：草原公路由于其所處地區(qū)社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平、地形地貌、道路線形和景觀類型等原因,導致其普遍存在直線段長,縱坡小,路域景觀單一,途經(jīng)村鎮(zhèn)少,車流量少等問題。這些問題直接反應(yīng)出在人-車-路這個道路交通系統(tǒng)中,對人的信息刺激少,信息量低,容易使駕駛員產(chǎn)生精神疲勞,不經(jīng)意提高行車速度,加之由于駕駛疲勞導致駕駛員警覺性下降,判斷力降低,行車風險增加,威脅行車安全。研究表明,高達90%的事故都與駕駛員有關(guān)。在駕駛員的駕駛過程中視覺提供給駕駛員的交通信息占80%,相關(guān)信息是否能被駕駛員捕捉到尤為重要。因此,有必要對駕駛員能夠感知的信息范圍做出界定。研究駕駛員在不同車速下的動態(tài)視野搜索范圍可以確定駕駛員獲得有效信息的視覺區(qū)域,為確定影響駕駛員視野信息的有效景觀空間范圍打下基礎(chǔ),從而提高行車的安全性,進而從駕駛員角度來預防交通事故的發(fā)生。使用駕駛模擬儀在草原公路背景下進行駕駛員的視野搜索范圍分析研究,通過多次實驗對駕駛員在靜止狀態(tài)下的視野搜索范圍和不同車速下的視野搜索范圍進行確定,并對不同車速下的駕駛員視野搜索范圍進行了回歸分析,進而得到以下結(jié)論:(1)駕駛員的靜態(tài)水平視野搜索范圍一般在16°～19°,靜態(tài)水平視野有效搜索范圍一般在11°～14°。駕駛員的靜態(tài)水平視野搜索范圍與靜態(tài)水平有效視野搜索范圍平均大約相差5°。(2)駕駛員的靜態(tài)垂直視野搜索范圍一般在15°～17°,靜態(tài)垂直視野有效搜索范圍一般在11°～13°。駕駛員的靜態(tài)垂直視野搜索范圍與靜態(tài)垂直有效視野搜索范圍平均大約相差4°。(3)在車速為60km/h、80km/h、100km/h和120km/h時,駕駛員的水平動態(tài)視野搜索范圍分別為14.9°、12.7°、10.8°和9.2°;駕駛員的水平動態(tài)有效視野搜索范圍分別為10°、8°、6.4°和5.1°;駕駛員的垂直動態(tài)視野搜索范圍分別為14.6°、13.25°、11.65°和9.9°;駕駛員的垂直動態(tài)有效視野搜索范圍分別為10.95°、10.15°、8.95° 和 7.55°。(4)駕駛員的動態(tài)視野搜索范圍和動態(tài)有效視野搜索范圍都與行駛車速線性密切相關(guān)。隨著行駛車速的增加,駕駛員的動態(tài)視野搜索范圍和動態(tài)有效視野搜索范圍都逐漸減小,但水平動態(tài)視野搜索范圍和水平動態(tài)有效視野搜索范圍變化率也逐漸減小,而垂直動態(tài)視野搜索范圍和垂直動態(tài)有效視野搜索范圍變化率逐漸增大。
[Abstract]:Due to the social and economic development level, landform, road alignment and landscape type of the grassland highway, there are many problems such as long straight section, small longitudinal slope, single road landscape, less passing through villages and towns, less traffic flow and so on. These problems directly reflect that in the human-vehicle-road system, there is little stimulation and low amount of information to people, which can easily cause the driver to produce mental fatigue and inadvertently increase the driving speed. In addition, driving fatigue leads to the decrease of driver's alertness, the decrease of judgment and the increase of driving risk, which threaten the safety of driving. Studies show that up to 90% of accidents are related to drivers. In the driver's driving process, the traffic information provided to the driver by vision is 80%, whether the relevant information can be captured by the driver is particularly important. Therefore, it is necessary to define the range of information that the driver can perceive. The research on the dynamic visual field search range of driver at different speed can determine the visual region where the driver obtains the effective information, and lay a foundation for determining the effective landscape space range that affects the driver's visual field information, thus improving the safety of driving. Then from the driver's point of view to prevent the occurrence of traffic accidents. The driving simulator is used to analyze and study the visual field search range of the driver under the background of the grassland highway, and through many experiments, the visual field search range of the driver under the static state and the visual field search range under different speed are determined. A regression analysis was carried out on the visual field search range of drivers at different speeds, and the following conclusions were obtained: 1) the search range of static horizontal visual field is generally 16 擄to 19 擄, and the effective range of static horizontal visual field is generally 11 擄to 14 擄. The average difference between the static horizontal visual field search range and the static horizontal effective visual field search range is about 5 擄. 2) the driver's static vertical visual field search range is generally 15 擄/ 17 擄, and the static vertical visual field effective search range is generally 11 擄/ 13 擄. The average difference between a driver's static vertical visual field search range and a static vertical effective visual field search range is about 4 擄.) when the speed is 60 km / h, 80 km / h / h, 100 km / h and 120km/h, the average difference between the static vertical visual field search range and the static vertical effective visual field search range is about 4 擄. The search range of horizontal dynamic visual field for driver is 14.9 擄/ 12.7 擄10.8 擄and 9.2 擄, respectively; the search range for driver's horizontal dynamic effective visual field is 10 擄/ 8 擄/ 6.4 擄and 5.1 擄, respectively; the search range for driver's vertical dynamic visual field is 14.6 擄/ 13.25 擄/ 11.65 擄and 9.9 擄respectively. The dynamic visual field search range and the dynamic effective visual field search range of the driver are closely related to the driving speed. The search range of effective visual field is 10.95 擄10.15 擄/ 8.95 擄and 7.55 擄. With the increase of driving speed, the dynamic visual field search range and the dynamic effective visual field search range of the driver are gradually reduced, but the horizontal dynamic visual field search range and the horizontal dynamic effective field search range change rate is gradually reduced. The range of vertical dynamic visual field search and vertical dynamic effective field search range gradually increase.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491.25

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