【摘要】：同義詞大量存在于世界每一種語言中，，辨析他們之間的差異是每一種語言面臨的共同任務(wù)。同義詞辨析研究不僅是詞匯教學(xué)研究的重要課題，也是自然語言處理亟待解決的核心問題之一。動(dòng)詞在漢語中組織結(jié)句的核心地位使得對(duì)動(dòng)詞同義詞的辨析研究尤為重要。 語義研究是當(dāng)代語言學(xué)研究的核心問題之一，詞匯語義研究更是詞匯研究領(lǐng)域的焦點(diǎn)。在現(xiàn)代語義學(xué)研究影響下，以“義位”為單位，深入詞義微觀結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部對(duì)同義詞間的差異進(jìn)行精密地分析和描寫已成為現(xiàn)代同義詞辨析研究的趨勢。鑒于此，本文運(yùn)用詞匯語義學(xué)術(shù)語，從基義和陪義兩方面對(duì)動(dòng)詞同義詞組在語義層面存在的差異進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的歸納和統(tǒng)計(jì)，在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步對(duì)動(dòng)詞同義詞組在基義和陪義上呈現(xiàn)的差異進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的分析和描寫。在基義上：一方面，我們統(tǒng)計(jì)了動(dòng)詞同義詞組在義位重點(diǎn)、義位輕重、義位虛實(shí)、行動(dòng)內(nèi)容等差異項(xiàng)的分布情況，并得出動(dòng)詞同義詞組在行動(dòng)內(nèi)容（實(shí)施者、受事者等）這一差異項(xiàng)上所占的絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢；另一方面，我們重點(diǎn)分析了動(dòng)詞同義詞組的主客體概念角色在“有生與無生”、“個(gè)體與集體”、“具體與抽象”、“自己與他人”等語義屬性方面存在的差異，并以此描寫了動(dòng)詞同義詞組間的細(xì)微差別。在陪義方面：一方面，我們統(tǒng)計(jì)了動(dòng)詞同義詞組在陪義上存在差異的分布情況，發(fā)現(xiàn)在陪義上存在差異的動(dòng)詞同義詞占絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢，從而指出對(duì)動(dòng)詞同義詞組在陪義上存在的差異進(jìn)行研究的意義。另一方面，我們對(duì)動(dòng)詞同義詞組在屬性陪義、情態(tài)陪義、語體陪義、風(fēng)格陪義、形象陪義及時(shí)代陪義等方面的差異情況進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的分析和描寫，并指出了其研究的意義和價(jià)值。通過本文的統(tǒng)計(jì)、分析和描寫，讓我們對(duì)動(dòng)詞同義詞間差異狀況有了系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí)，而對(duì)于本文研究成果的描寫希望能為辨析動(dòng)詞同義詞間的差異有所幫組。
[Abstract]:Synonyms exist in many languages in the world, and it is a common task for each language to distinguish their differences. Synonym discrimination is not only an important topic in vocabulary teaching, but also one of the core problems to be solved in natural language processing. The core position of verbs in Chinese makes the analysis of verb synonyms particularly important. Semantic research is one of the core issues in contemporary linguistics, and lexical semantics is the focus of lexical research. Under the influence of modern semantics, it has become the trend of modern synonym discrimination and research to analyze and describe the differences between synonyms in the microstructure of words in depth with the unit of "semantic meaning". In view of this, this paper systematically sums up and counts the differences in semantic aspects of verb synonyms from the two aspects of basic meaning and accompanying meaning by using lexical semantic terms. On this basis, the differences between the basic meaning and the accompanying meaning of verb synonyms are analyzed and described in detail. In terms of basic meaning: on the one hand, we calculate the distribution of verb synonyms in the key points of meaning, the weight of meaning, the virtual reality of meaning, the content of action, and so on, and obtain the verb synonym in the content of action (the implementers). (recipient, etc.) the absolute advantage of this difference; On the other hand, we focus on the differences between the conceptual roles of subject and object in verb synonyms in terms of semantic attributes such as "living and not living", "individual and collective", "concrete and abstract", "oneself and others", etc. And this describes the subtle differences between verb synonyms. In the aspect of paraphrase: on the one hand, we count the distribution of verb synonyms with different meanings, and find that the synonyms of verbs with differences in synonyms are absolutely dominant. Thus, it is pointed out the significance of studying the differences between verb synonyms and synonyms. On the other hand, we systematically analyze and describe the differences of verb synonymous phrases in attribute paraphrase, modal paraphrase, stylistic cosy, stylistic paraphrase, image paraphrase and era paraphrase. The significance and value of its research are pointed out. Through the statistics, analysis and description of this paper, let us have a systematic understanding of the differences between verb synonyms, and the description of the research results of this paper hopes to help to distinguish the differences between verb synonyms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：魯東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H04

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