【摘要】：筆記是我國古代文學(xué)中一種較為常見的文體，早在漢代就已經(jīng)萌芽，如東漢班固的《白虎通義》，而魏晉時期則被公認(rèn)為是筆記正式出現(xiàn)的時間。中國古代的筆記，從魏晉發(fā)展到唐宋再到清代，經(jīng)歷了由萌芽到發(fā)展再到繁榮的過程，其中清代是集大成的時代，各種筆記在總結(jié)前人著述的基礎(chǔ)上都有了長足地發(fā)展，大量筆記相繼出現(xiàn)，其中有許多筆記具有很高的史料價值和語言學(xué)價值，由于距今未遠(yuǎn)，大部分的筆記都得以完整保存，史料筆記便是其中較為重要的一類。 清代史料筆記記載的內(nèi)容涉及方方面面，各朝各代的逸聞軼事、掌故遺事、風(fēng)俗民情、山川景物以及文學(xué)藝術(shù)等內(nèi)容在該類筆記中都有體現(xiàn)。對于語言學(xué)來說，清代史料筆記中記載的內(nèi)容具有非常重要的學(xué)術(shù)價值。 “筆記訓(xùn)詁”就是指保存在古代筆記中的訓(xùn)詁資料，其主要特點是散見書中，不成體系，對清代筆記的訓(xùn)詁目前已有學(xué)者開始關(guān)注，但進(jìn)行全面深入研究的成果并不多見，專門對史料筆記的訓(xùn)詁進(jìn)行研究的成果更是罕見。因此本文在對清代十七部史料筆記中的訓(xùn)詁條目進(jìn)行整理的基礎(chǔ)上，對其中的訓(xùn)詁內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析，并由此總結(jié)出清代史料筆記訓(xùn)詁的特點和不足。另外，通過對清代史料筆記中詞語訓(xùn)釋的分析和研究，對《漢語大詞典》的相關(guān)詞條進(jìn)行了補正。 全文共分為五部分： 緒論部分介紹了筆記的定義，總結(jié)了前代學(xué)者對筆記訓(xùn)詁特點的認(rèn)識及清代史料筆記的特殊性，最后在廣泛搜集材料的基礎(chǔ)上，對清代史料筆記的研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析總結(jié)。 第一章從考釋詞語、分析句讀、考辨讀音、考釋文字、串講句意、闡述語法、說明修辭、指明詞語出處等八個方面討論了清代史料筆記中涉及到的訓(xùn)詁內(nèi)容，其中考釋詞語是本章的重點。 第二章揭示了清代史料筆記對辭書編纂的價值。在《漢語大詞典》的編著過程中，古代筆記中的材料是其收詞及釋義的主要依據(jù)之一，清代史料筆記中有很多材料都被直接引用作為書證，但仍然有很多有價值的內(nèi)容并沒有得到利用，因此我們將清代史料筆記中的訓(xùn)詁內(nèi)容與《漢語大詞典》的釋詞進(jìn)行了比較，重點討論了《漢語大詞典》詞條失收、義項缺失、引證嫌遲、書證不足等疏漏。 第三章從訓(xùn)詁術(shù)語、訓(xùn)詁方法和訓(xùn)詁內(nèi)容三個方面，對清代史料筆記在訓(xùn)詁方面的特點進(jìn)行了總結(jié)： 在訓(xùn)詁術(shù)語的使用上，清代史料筆記中幾乎涉及了所有常見的訓(xùn)詁術(shù)語，而且各個術(shù)語的使用頻率分布極不平衡。 在訓(xùn)詁方法的使用上，從求義和釋義兩個方面進(jìn)行了分析，清代史料筆記中使用的求義方法多為隱性的，且使用了較為科學(xué)的求義方法，主要表現(xiàn)在對目驗這種方法的使用上。另外，釋義方法多樣也是清代史料筆記在訓(xùn)詁方法的使用上的一個重要特點。 訓(xùn)詁內(nèi)容方面，清代史料筆記多用正文訓(xùn)釋，間有少量自注。重視詞語考釋，其他類別的訓(xùn)詁內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)較少。訓(xùn)釋中注重總結(jié)，多輯錄性內(nèi)容，且訓(xùn)詁語言多通俗易懂。 本章還從考釋詞語、考辨讀音和引用文獻(xiàn)三個方面舉例說明了其在訓(xùn)詁方面存在的不足之處。 結(jié)語部分對全文進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，并且再一次強調(diào)了清代史料筆記的重要價值。 筆記是我國古代一種重要的文學(xué)形式，，而清代史料筆記對于語言學(xué)的價值更是不可估量的，希望可以通過本文的研究，使學(xué)術(shù)界認(rèn)識到清代史料筆記對語言學(xué)的重要價值，而對其進(jìn)行更為深入而全面的研究，使清代史料筆記實現(xiàn)其應(yīng)有的學(xué)術(shù)價值。
[Abstract]:The note is a kind of more common style in ancient Chinese literature, and it has been sprout in the Han Dynasty, such as the "White Tiger" in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the period of the Wei and Jin dynasties is recognized as the time of the formal appearance of the note. The Chinese ancient notes, from the development of the Wei and Jin dynasties to the Tang and Song dynasties, and the Qing Dynasty, experienced the process from the emergence to the development to the prosperity, in which the Qing Dynasty is a great era, and the various notes have made great development on the basis of summarizing the previous works, and a large number of notes appear successively. Many of these notes are of high historical value and linguistic value. Because of the fact that most of the notes are not far from the present, most of the notes can be kept intact, and the notes of the historical materials are one of the more important ones. The contents of the historical materials note in the Qing Dynasty are related to all aspects, and all the anecdotes of each generation, the business of the palm, the customs and the people, the scenery of the mountains and the literature and the art are all reflected in this kind of note For linguistics, the contents of the historical materials in the Qing Dynasty have very important academic value The "note training" refers to the training materials stored in the ancient notes, the main characteristics of which are in the book, no system, the training of the notes in the Qing Dynasty has already begun to be concerned, but the results of the comprehensive study are not much See, the results of the study on the training of historical data notes are more and more Therefore, on the basis of the arrangement of the training items in the 17 historical data notes of the Qing Dynasty, the contents of the training in the Qing Dynasty are analyzed in detail, and the characteristics and the characteristics of the historical materials note training in the Qing Dynasty are summarized. In addition, through the analysis and study of the words in the notes of the historical materials in the Qing Dynasty, the article supplements the relevant entries of the Chinese Dictionary. Positive. The full text is divided into five. Part: The introduction section introduces the definition of the note, summarizes the understanding of the characteristics of the notes and the particularity of the historical materials in the Qing Dynasty, and finally, on the basis of the extensive collection of materials, points out the present situation of the study of the historical materials in the Qing Dynasty. The first chapter discusses the content of the training in the historical data notes of the Qing Dynasty from eight aspects, such as the examination of the words, the analysis of the reading of the sentence, the pronunciation of the examination, the interpretation of the text, the string of the sentence, the elaboration of the grammar, the description of the rhetoric, the indication of the source of the words and the like, in which the statement of the examination and release is the present. The second chapter is the main focus of the chapter. The second chapter reveals the writing of the historical materials in the Qing Dynasty. The value of the compilation is one of the main bases of the collection and interpretation of the materials in the ancient notes in the process of the compilation of the Chinese Great Dictionaries. Many of the materials of the historical materials in the Qing Dynasty are directly cited as a book, but there are still many valuable contents. As a result, we compare the contents of the historical materials in the Qing Dynasty with the release of the Chinese Dictionary of the Great Chinese Dictionary, and focus on the discussion on the loss of the term, the missing of the term, the delay of the citation and the certificate of the book. The third chapter, from the three aspects of the terms of the training, the method of training and the content of the training, of the historical materials in the Qing Dynasty The point is summarized as follows: in the use of the term of the training, the historical materials note in the Qing Dynasty covers almost all a common terminology, and the frequency of use of the various terms The rate distribution is not balanced. On the use of the training method, the two aspects of the meaning and the interpretation are analyzed. The method of the meaning used in the historical data notes of the Qing Dynasty is hidden, and a more scientific method of meaning is used, which is mainly manifested in the inspection. In addition, the method of interpretation is also the use of the historical materials note in the Qing Dynasty. An important feature of the historical materials note in the Qing Dynasty. There is a small amount of self-note between the training and the other categories. Pay attention to the explanation of the words and other categories The content of the training is less. The contents of summary and multi-record are emphasized in the release. This chapter also illustrates its training in the three aspects of the examination of the words, the pronunciation of the examination and the reference. The shortcomings of the text are summarized in the epilogue, and it is emphasized again. The important value of the historical materials note in the Qing Dynasty. The note is an important literary form in ancient China, and the historical materials note in the Qing Dynasty is inestimable to the value of linguistics. It is hoped that the study of this paper will make the academic circle realize the history of the Qing Dynasty. The material note is of great value in linguistics, and it makes a more thorough and comprehensive study to make the historical materials in the Qing Dynasty
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H13

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本文編號：2431694