中級水平美國留學(xué)生漢語口語交際策略研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-14 08:11
【摘要】：在第二語言習(xí)得領(lǐng)域,關(guān)注學(xué)習(xí)者差異的研究相對較為薄弱。在漢語作為第二語言教學(xué)界,有關(guān)學(xué)習(xí)者口語交際策略的研究尚處于起步階段。本論文在已有的口語交際策略相關(guān)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,采用問卷調(diào)查和訪談的形式,對中級水平美國留學(xué)生漢語口語交際策略的使用情況、漢語口語交際策略的使用與影響因素的關(guān)系及漢語口語交際策略的使用與交際效果的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了調(diào)查研究。 本文共分五章。第一章闡述了本文的選題緣由及意義、研究的問題與目標(biāo)、研究方法及創(chuàng)新之處。目前學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)于美國留學(xué)生漢語學(xué)習(xí)方面的研究成果多偏重于偏誤分析與對比分析,學(xué)習(xí)策略略有涉及,但是針對美國學(xué)生漢語口語交際策略的專項研究成果并不多。因此,本研究不僅可以為以后針對美國學(xué)生的漢語口語教學(xué)及漢語口語交際策略的研究提供基本資料和依據(jù),還可以為對美漢語教學(xué)提供口語教學(xué)參考和指導(dǎo)。 第二章回顧了國內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)于口語交際策略的研究,從理論研究和實證研究兩方面進(jìn)行了梳理與闡述,并分析了口語交際策略的研究現(xiàn)狀及不足。 第三章介紹了本研究的研究設(shè)計,包括調(diào)查對象、研究工具、數(shù)據(jù)的收集和分析。本研究調(diào)查對象在南京大學(xué)、東南大學(xué)、北京大學(xué)、北京語言大學(xué)及東北師范大學(xué)的漢語中級班學(xué)習(xí)的美國留學(xué)生,共計52人。研究工具為漢語口語交際策略調(diào)查問卷和訪談錄音。調(diào)查問卷由學(xué)生個體因素調(diào)查問卷及漢語口語交際策略調(diào)查問卷兩部分構(gòu)成。本研究使用描述性統(tǒng)計、獨立樣本T檢驗、Pearson相關(guān)分析和方差分析等統(tǒng)計方法對問卷數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析。 第四章是研究結(jié)果和討論。研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：(1)中級水平美國留學(xué)生在母語環(huán)境中漢語口語交際策略使用頻率由高到低依次為非言語行為類策略、檢索策略、求助策略、借用策略、轉(zhuǎn)述策略、減縮策略。(2)中級水平美國留學(xué)生在目的語環(huán)境中漢語口語交際策略使用頻率由高到低依次為非言語行為類策略、檢索策略、求助策略、轉(zhuǎn)述策略、減縮策略、借用策略。(3)中級水平美國留學(xué)生在目的語環(huán)境下會更多地使用口語交際策略。(4)借用策略的使用與使用環(huán)境有關(guān),即母語環(huán)境或者目的語環(huán)境對使用借用策略的頻率和傾向性產(chǎn)生影響。(5)性別、性格、學(xué)習(xí)時間和學(xué)習(xí)動機(jī)對某些策略的使用有顯著影響,且影響隨著使用環(huán)境的改變而改變。(6)減縮策略與交際效果呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),其余五項策略與交際效果呈顯著正相關(guān)。 第五章總結(jié)了研究結(jié)果,從教學(xué)環(huán)境、教學(xué)對象、教學(xué)方法及語言測試四個方面闡述了研究結(jié)果對對外漢語教學(xué)的啟示,并指出本研究的不足及對未來美國學(xué)生漢語口語交際策略研究的啟示。
[Abstract]:In the field of second language acquisition, the study of learner differences is relatively weak. In the field of Chinese as a second language, the study of learners' oral communication strategies is still in its infancy. Based on the existing studies on oral communication strategies, this thesis uses questionnaires and interviews to study the use of oral communication strategies among American students at intermediate level. This paper investigates the relationship between the use of Chinese oral communication strategies and the influencing factors, and the relationship between the use of Chinese oral communication strategies and the communicative effects. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter describes the reason and significance of the topic, research problems and objectives, research methods and innovations. At present, the academic research on Chinese learning for American students is focused on error analysis and contrastive analysis, learning strategies are slightly involved, but there are few special research results on American students' spoken Chinese communication strategies. Therefore, this study can not only provide the basic information and basis for the future study of American students' oral Chinese teaching and the strategy of oral Chinese communication, but also provide reference and guidance for American Chinese teaching. The second chapter reviews the domestic and foreign academic research on oral communication strategies, from the theoretical research and empirical research on the two aspects of combing and expounding, and analyzes the current situation and shortcomings of oral communication strategies. The third chapter introduces the research design of this study, including survey object, research tools, data collection and analysis. In this study, 52 American students were enrolled in Chinese intermediate classes in Nanjing University, Southeast University, Beijing language and language University and Northeast normal University. The research tools are questionnaire and interview recording. The questionnaire consists of individual factors questionnaire and oral communication strategy questionnaire. In this study, descriptive statistics, independent sample T test, Pearson correlation analysis and variance analysis were used to analyze the questionnaire data. The fourth chapter is the research results and discussion. The results of the study are as follows: (1) the frequency of using spoken Chinese communication strategies in the native language environment of American students at intermediate level is nonverbal behavior strategies, retrieval strategies, help-seeking strategies, borrowing strategies and reporting strategies. Reduction strategies. (2) in the target language environment, American students at the intermediate level use non-verbal behavior strategies, retrieval strategies, help strategies, paraphrase strategies, and reduction strategies from high to low. Borrowing strategies. (3) American students at the intermediate level will use oral communication strategies more frequently in the target language environment. (4) the use of borrowing strategies is related to the context in which they are used. That is, the mother tongue environment or the target language environment has an effect on the frequency and tendency of using borrowed strategies. (5) gender, personality, learning time and motivation have significant effects on the use of some strategies. And the influence changes with the change of using environment. (6) the reduction strategy is negatively correlated with the communicative effect, while the other five strategies have a significant positive correlation with the communicative effect. The fifth chapter summarizes the results of the research, from the teaching environment, teaching objects, teaching methods and language testing four aspects of the results of the study on Chinese as a foreign language teaching enlightenment. It also points out the deficiency of the present study and its implications for the future study of spoken Chinese communication strategies for American students.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H195
本文編號：2408502
[Abstract]:In the field of second language acquisition, the study of learner differences is relatively weak. In the field of Chinese as a second language, the study of learners' oral communication strategies is still in its infancy. Based on the existing studies on oral communication strategies, this thesis uses questionnaires and interviews to study the use of oral communication strategies among American students at intermediate level. This paper investigates the relationship between the use of Chinese oral communication strategies and the influencing factors, and the relationship between the use of Chinese oral communication strategies and the communicative effects. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter describes the reason and significance of the topic, research problems and objectives, research methods and innovations. At present, the academic research on Chinese learning for American students is focused on error analysis and contrastive analysis, learning strategies are slightly involved, but there are few special research results on American students' spoken Chinese communication strategies. Therefore, this study can not only provide the basic information and basis for the future study of American students' oral Chinese teaching and the strategy of oral Chinese communication, but also provide reference and guidance for American Chinese teaching. The second chapter reviews the domestic and foreign academic research on oral communication strategies, from the theoretical research and empirical research on the two aspects of combing and expounding, and analyzes the current situation and shortcomings of oral communication strategies. The third chapter introduces the research design of this study, including survey object, research tools, data collection and analysis. In this study, 52 American students were enrolled in Chinese intermediate classes in Nanjing University, Southeast University, Beijing language and language University and Northeast normal University. The research tools are questionnaire and interview recording. The questionnaire consists of individual factors questionnaire and oral communication strategy questionnaire. In this study, descriptive statistics, independent sample T test, Pearson correlation analysis and variance analysis were used to analyze the questionnaire data. The fourth chapter is the research results and discussion. The results of the study are as follows: (1) the frequency of using spoken Chinese communication strategies in the native language environment of American students at intermediate level is nonverbal behavior strategies, retrieval strategies, help-seeking strategies, borrowing strategies and reporting strategies. Reduction strategies. (2) in the target language environment, American students at the intermediate level use non-verbal behavior strategies, retrieval strategies, help strategies, paraphrase strategies, and reduction strategies from high to low. Borrowing strategies. (3) American students at the intermediate level will use oral communication strategies more frequently in the target language environment. (4) the use of borrowing strategies is related to the context in which they are used. That is, the mother tongue environment or the target language environment has an effect on the frequency and tendency of using borrowed strategies. (5) gender, personality, learning time and motivation have significant effects on the use of some strategies. And the influence changes with the change of using environment. (6) the reduction strategy is negatively correlated with the communicative effect, while the other five strategies have a significant positive correlation with the communicative effect. The fifth chapter summarizes the results of the research, from the teaching environment, teaching objects, teaching methods and language testing four aspects of the results of the study on Chinese as a foreign language teaching enlightenment. It also points out the deficiency of the present study and its implications for the future study of spoken Chinese communication strategies for American students.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H195
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