【摘要】：時態(tài)范疇是人類語言中普遍存在而且非常重要的語法范疇之一。客觀的時間范疇是人類共有的,但是在不同的語言中時間的表達系統(tǒng)不太相同。馬其頓語和漢語屬于不同的語系,馬其頓語屬于印歐語系而漢語屬于漢藏語系。馬其頓語和漢語的結構類型也不同,馬其頓語屬于屈折語,漢語屬于詞根語。馬其頓語富于形態(tài)變化,漢語缺乏形態(tài)變化,由此決定了它們的時態(tài)表現(xiàn)方式也不相同。 本文對馬其頓語和漢語與時態(tài)相關的各種語法范疇和語義范疇進行比較研究,比較馬其頓語與漢語時態(tài)范疇及其表達手段的差異。馬其頓語與漢語時態(tài)比較研究,以前還沒有人做過,本論文是首次嘗試比較研究這兩種語言的時態(tài)系統(tǒng)。本文的研究對馬其頓語和漢語的學習和教學有一定的理論價值和實用意義。 全文共有六章： 第一章是引言,介紹了本文的研究任務和意義,對馬其頓語、漢語時態(tài)研究現(xiàn)狀進行了評述,并介紹了本文的研究方法和語料的來源。 第二章對馬其頓語加以簡要的介紹,分別介紹了馬其頓語的語音系統(tǒng)、詞匯系統(tǒng)、語法系統(tǒng)及其基本特點。這是考慮到馬其頓語不為漢語學界所熟悉。 第三章對馬其頓語和漢語的時(tense)范疇進行比較,首先分別描述了兩種語言的時范疇,包括現(xiàn)在時、過去時、將來時的表達方式,然后在此基礎上對兩種語言時范疇的異同及其原因加以比較和探討。 第四章對馬其頓語和漢語的體(aspect)范疇進行比較。分別描述了兩種語言體范疇的表現(xiàn)形式,比較其異同,揭示兩種語言體范疇的對應關系。 第五章對學習馬其頓語和漢語時體范疇的常見偏誤進行分析探討,主要是從教學和翻譯的角度著眼。教學方面主要是母語遷移干擾問題,而翻譯方面,主要是時態(tài)范疇在翻譯時的實際處理問題。 第六章是結語,總結了本文的主要內容,檢視了本文的不足,并提出了今后需要進一步深入研究的問題。
[Abstract]:Tense category is one of the most important grammatical categories in human language. Objective time category is common to human beings, but the expression system of time is different in different languages. Macedonian and Chinese belong to different languages, Macedonian belongs to Indo-European and Chinese belongs to Chinese-Tibetan. Macedonian and Chinese have different structural types. Macedonian belongs to flexion and Chinese to root. The Macedonian language is rich in morphological changes, while Chinese lacks morphological changes, which determines that their tenses are not the same. This paper makes a comparative study of various grammatical and semantic categories related to tenses in Macedonian and Chinese, and compares the differences between Macedonian and Chinese tense categories and their means of expression. The comparative study of Macedonian and Chinese tense has not been done before. This thesis is the first attempt to study the tense system of these two languages. The study of this paper has certain theoretical value and practical significance for the study and teaching of Macedonian and Chinese. There are six chapters in this paper: the first chapter is the introduction, which introduces the research task and significance of this paper, reviews the present situation of Macedonian and Chinese tense studies, and introduces the research methods and the source of the corpus. The second chapter briefly introduces Macedonian, including its phonetic system, lexical system, grammatical system and its basic characteristics. This is in view of the fact that Macedonian is not familiar to Chinese scholars. The third chapter compares the temporal (tense) categories of Macedonian and Chinese. Firstly, it describes the tense categories of the two languages, including the expressions of present tense, past tense and future tense. On this basis, the similarities and differences between the two languages and their causes are compared and discussed. Chapter four compares the aspect (aspect) category between Macedonian and Chinese. This paper describes the expression forms of the two linguistic aspect categories, compares their similarities and differences, and reveals the corresponding relations between the two linguistic aspect categories. The fifth chapter analyzes the common errors in the aspect of learning Macedonian and Chinese, mainly from the perspective of teaching and translation. The teaching aspect is mainly the interference of mother tongue transfer, while the translation aspect is mainly the practical processing problem of temporal category in translation. The sixth chapter is the conclusion, summarizes the main contents of this paper, examines the shortcomings of this paper, and points out the problems that need further study in the future.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146;H749

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