【摘要】：真人秀節(jié)目是以電視媒體為介質(zhì)來舉辦某一類別的比賽活動，最終獲勝的參賽者可以獲得豐厚的獎勵。近年來，這種新穎的電視節(jié)目吸引了億萬觀眾且在東西方熒屏上獲得了巨大成功�！秾W(xué)徒》又名《飛黃騰達》是一個求職類真人秀電視節(jié)目，每季選擇14位來自美國各地的精英們競逐一份年薪25萬美元的工作。每一季做后的獲勝的求職者將成為美國著名地產(chǎn)大王Donald Trump的徒弟，為Trump集團效力。 本文從語言學(xué)角度，用Sacks, Schegloff和Jefferson提出的話輪轉(zhuǎn)換機制為理論基礎(chǔ)研究《學(xué)徒》中面試官和面試者在會議室中對話中的話輪轉(zhuǎn)換策略的使用情況。本文主要有三個研究問題：一，分析《學(xué)徒》中話輪轉(zhuǎn)換特點；二，，探討面試官和面試者在話輪轉(zhuǎn)換策略使用上的差異性；三，分析導(dǎo)致其差異性的原因特別是權(quán)勢關(guān)系是如何影響其差異性的。在研究分析過程中運用了定量分析和定性分析相結(jié)合的方法。定量分析體現(xiàn)在用excel軟件計算出求職者和面試官話輪轉(zhuǎn)換策略的使用頻率，用卡方檢驗計算出求職者和面試官在話輪轉(zhuǎn)換策略使用上是否存在差異性。通過對面試官提問類型的頻率分析權(quán)勢關(guān)系是如何影響面試官和面試者在使用話輪轉(zhuǎn)換策略的使用。定性研究體現(xiàn)在文中對每個問題都進行了案例分析。 研究結(jié)果表明：在求職類真人秀電視節(jié)目中說話者采用了把持話輪，出讓話輪和索取話輪策略。三種策略分布差別不大，這一數(shù)據(jù)有別于其他研究者的研究結(jié)果。面試官和面試者在話輪轉(zhuǎn)換策略選擇上存在顯著性差異，面試官經(jīng)常奪取話輪和出讓話輪，而面試者多使用把持話輪策略。權(quán)勢關(guān)系是導(dǎo)致面試官和面試者話輪轉(zhuǎn)換策略存在差異的重要因素之一。
[Abstract]:The Reality Show program is a TV medium for a certain category of events, winning contestants can receive generous awards. In recent years, this novel television program has attracted hundreds of millions of viewers and achieved great success on Western and Eastern screens. Apprenticeship, also known as "soaring", is a job-seeking Reality Show TV show. Select 14 elites from across the United States to compete for a $250000 a-year job every quarter. Winning job seekers after each season will become apprentices to Donald Trump, the leading real estate magnate in the United States, working for the Trump Group. From the linguistic point of view, this paper studies the use of turn-switching strategies between interviewers and interviewees in the conference rooms on the theoretical basis of the turn-switching mechanism proposed by Sacks, Schegloff and Jefferson. There are three main research problems in this paper: first, analyzing the characteristics of turn-switching in Apprentice; second, discussing the differences between interviewers and interviewees in the use of turn-switching strategies; Third, analyze the cause of its difference, especially how the power relationship affects its difference. In the process of research and analysis, the method of combining quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis is used. Quantitative analysis is reflected in the calculation of the frequency of switching strategies between job seekers and interviewers by using excel software, and the differences between job seekers and interviewers in the use of turn-round strategies by chi-square test. By analyzing the frequency of interviewers' question types, the influence of power relationship on the use of turn-switching strategies between interviewers and interviewees is analyzed. The qualitative study is reflected in the case study of each problem in this paper. The results show that in the Reality Show TV programs, the speakers adopt the strategies of controlling, transferring and soliciting. The distribution of the three strategies varies little, and this data differs from the results of other researchers. There are significant differences between the interviewers and the interviewees in the choice of turn-switching strategies. Interviewers often seize the turn and transfer round, while the interviewees often use the control turn-round strategy. Power relationship is one of the important factors that lead to the differences between interviewers and interviewees.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G222;H109.4

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