【摘要】：修辭學在語言學中占有重要地位,修辭的應用具有重要的實踐意義,特別是文學文本中的修辭運用,尤其能體現(xiàn)作者的文學水平和創(chuàng)作能力。修辭學既是門單獨的語言‘學科,又同時與語言學的其他學科有著緊密的聯(lián)系,比如近年來發(fā)展迅速的認知語言學,它在研究人的語言認知能力時,把人對修辭的運用過程也看做是一種認知過程。修辭表達中語義辭格的運用是修飾語言和文本內(nèi)容的重要體現(xiàn),而語義辭格中的隱喻作為修辭的一種典型手段,一方面具有極強的修辭功能,能使讀者產(chǎn)生無限的聯(lián)想,另一方面,從認知語言學來講,隱喻讓人們將隱喻中的形象概念化,并通過轉義來深刻地完成人對事物的認識過程。 認知語言學的核心是認知過程和隱喻理論的闡釋,它通過和修辭行為的聯(lián)系,旨在解決語言‘交流中的幾個重要問題：如何通過修辭來認知事物,如何通過認知來理解修辭,二者既有聯(lián)系又有區(qū)別,認知中的隱喻將修辭中的隱喻從概念上擴大并加以解釋,尤其是文學文本中的隱喻更能體現(xiàn)作者的創(chuàng)造過程和讀者的思維理解過程。因此,通過修辭行為緊密連接的這兩個過程,使我們能從認知的角度重新看待修辭。 在認知語言學視角下,認知過程涉及了初步的認知,深層的理解和最終同概念化世界的闡釋與關聯(lián)。在此基礎上的修辭也體現(xiàn)了認知過程的這幾個方面,若要進行詞語修飾,就必須對所描繪事物有深層次的認識和理解,當然僅僅這樣是不夠的,還要同相近的概念聯(lián)系起來并從本質上進行解釋,這才是修辭的意義所在。本文基于認知語言學的核心觀點及其相關研究成果,運用舉例、對比分析、原理闡釋等方法,以語義辭格,尤其是隱喻為例重點解釋了二者的相互關系和運行機制。 全文主要內(nèi)容如下：前言闡述本文研究對象、研究方法、理論及現(xiàn)實意義和結構,第一章敘述認知語言學歷史及現(xiàn)狀、任務和功能；第二章主要講述修辭的定義及其和認知語言學的關系,并從認知語言學角度講述修辭中的語義辭格。第三章從認知語言學角度看隱喻的具體反映和作用,他是作者風格的體現(xiàn),也是時代特征的反映。全文研究結論如下：1)修辭是一種認知行為,在文學文本的語言構建和理解中不能拋棄認知；2)修辭的動態(tài)過程就是人的思維活動過程和體現(xiàn),修辭是認知的延續(xù),也是認知在修辭層面上的延展,它能幫助人們更好的認識世界的本質；3)文學文本的隱喻同認知隱喻的關聯(lián)揭示了修辭的規(guī)律,在現(xiàn)實的言語交際中隱喻不僅僅作為一種語言修辭手段,也作為一種思維方式不斷完善著整個社會的認知系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:Rhetoric plays an important role in linguistics, and the application of rhetoric has important practical significance, especially in the use of rhetoric in literary texts, especially in embodying the author's literary level and creative ability. Rhetoric is not only a separate subject of language, but also closely related to other subjects of linguistics, such as the rapidly developing cognitive linguistics in recent years. The process of people's use of rhetoric is also regarded as a cognitive process. The use of semantic figures in rhetorical expression is an important embodiment of the modified language and text content. As a typical means of rhetoric, metaphor in semantic rhetoric, on the one hand, has a strong rhetorical function and can make readers have infinite associations. On the other hand, from the perspective of cognitive linguistics, metaphor enables people to conceptualize the image of metaphor and to profoundly complete the process of human understanding of things through the transfer of meaning. The core of cognitive linguistics is the interpretation of cognitive process and metaphorical theory. It aims at solving several important problems in language 'communication through its connection with rhetorical behavior: how to recognize things through rhetoric and how to understand rhetoric through cognition. The cognitive metaphor expands and interprets the metaphor in rhetoric conceptually, especially the metaphor in literary texts can better reflect the author's creative process and the reader's thinking understanding process. Therefore, through the two closely connected processes of rhetorical behavior, we can review rhetoric from the perspective of cognition. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, the cognitive process involves the initial cognition, the deep understanding and the interpretation and relevance of the conceptual world. The rhetoric on this basis also reflects these aspects of the cognitive process. If words are to be modified, it is necessary to have a deep understanding and understanding of the things described, which is of course not enough. It is the meaning of rhetoric to be connected with similar concepts and to explain them in essence. Based on the core point of view of cognitive linguistics and its related research results, this paper uses examples, comparative analysis, principle explanation and so on to explain the relationship and operation mechanism of semantic case, especially metaphor. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the preface describes the research object, research methods, theoretical and practical significance and structure. The first chapter describes the history and current situation, tasks and functions of cognitive linguistics; The second chapter focuses on the definition of rhetoric and its relationship with cognitive linguistics, and discusses the semantic figures in rhetoric from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. Chapter three looks at the concrete reflection and function of metaphor from the perspective of cognitive linguistics, which is the reflection of the author's style as well as the characteristics of the times. The conclusion of this paper is as follows: (1) rhetoric is a kind of cognitive behavior, and the dynamic process of rhetoric is the process and embodiment of human's thinking, and rhetoric is the continuation of cognition in the language construction and understanding of literary texts. It is also the extension of cognition on the rhetorical level, which can help people better understand the essence of the world. 3) the relationship between metaphor and cognitive metaphor in literary texts reveals the laws of rhetoric. Metaphor is not only a rhetorical device, but also a way of thinking to perfect the cognitive system of the whole society.
【學位授予單位】：陜西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H05

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