【摘要】：我們生活在一個言語交際的社會,人類所要進行的一切社會活動都是建立在言語交際的基礎之上的。人們在日常言語交際中秉承著“平等參與”的原則,因而在對于話輪的掌控上擁有更強的自主性。尤其是在日常會話牽扯到敏感話題時,在分析總結其規(guī)律的時候牽扯的因素和變量也更多、更為復雜。本碩士論文的研究主要就是以漢語日常交際中涉及敏感話題的語料做為研究對象,著力于研究敏感話題在日常交際會話中的發(fā)起,回應,擴展和結束的序列結構以及相應的語言特點。本文通過對所收集語料的轉寫,并運用會話分析的研究方法加以分析,主要有以下幾點發(fā)現：第一,敏感話題一般是以提問的形式被發(fā)起的,且通常是由話題的發(fā)起方指定話題,其目的在于滿足發(fā)起方兩個方面的需求：發(fā)起訴求和滿足好奇心。第二,敏感話題的回應對于話題發(fā)起之后的話輪發(fā)展有著重要影響。由于交際雙方在日常會話中遵循“平等參與”的原則,因此回應一方有著多種回應策略的選擇性,或是采用消極反饋的方式回避話題的敏感性,或是以比較極端的方式結束話題等。第三,敏感話題的擴展主要也是由話題的發(fā)起方主導的,一般情況下,面對回應方的消極反饋,發(fā)起方會采取不斷的話題重構來向回應方獲取更多的信息以滿足自己的交際目的。但對于話題擴展的主導權也不是一成不變的,有些時候回應方也會對原先的發(fā)起方發(fā)起敏感話題,在這個時候,話題擴展的主導權便易手。第四,從話輪的形式來看,大部分的敏感話題使用的是非優(yōu)先結構。本次研究成果旨在揭示敏感話題在日常生活中的客觀規(guī)律,以幫助人們在社會交際中進一步注意溝通的方式、方法,營造良好健康的社會交際環(huán)境,促進人際關系的和諧發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:We live in a society of verbal communication, and all social activities are based on verbal communication. People adhere to the principle of "equal participation" in their daily verbal communication, so they have more autonomy in the control of the turn. Especially when daily conversation involves sensitive topics, the factors and variables involved in analyzing and summing up the rules are more complex. The research of this thesis is focused on the research on the initiation and response of sensitive topics in the daily communication of Chinese, taking the corpus of sensitive topics as the object of study in the daily communication of Chinese, and focusing on the research on the initiation and response of sensitive topics in the daily communication conversation. Extend and end the sequence structure and the corresponding language features. Based on the translation of the collected data and the use of conversational analysis, this paper finds the following main findings: first, sensitive topics are generally initiated in the form of questions. And the topic is usually designated by the sponsor of the topic, whose purpose is to satisfy the needs of the initiator in two aspects: initiating appeal and satisfying curiosity. Second, the response of sensitive topics has an important impact on the development of discourse after the initiation of the topic. Since both parties follow the principle of "equal participation" in their daily conversation, the responder has the selectivity of multiple response strategies or the sensitivity of avoiding the topic by negative feedback. Or end the topic in a more extreme way. Third, the expansion of sensitive topics is also dominated by the sponsors of the topic. In general, in the face of negative feedback from the respondents, The initiator will take continuous topic refactoring to obtain more information from the respondents to meet their communicative purposes. However, the dominant power of topic expansion is not fixed, and sometimes the respondents will initiate sensitive topics to the original initiator. At this time, the dominant power of topic expansion will change hands. Fourthly, most sensitive topics use non-priority structure from the perspective of turn. The purpose of this study is to reveal the objective laws of sensitive topics in daily life so as to help people pay more attention to the ways and methods of communication in social communication, to create a good and healthy social communication environment and to promote the harmonious development of interpersonal relations.
【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H136

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