本文選題：概念隱喻 + 中文體育新聞標(biāo)題�。� 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)代認(rèn)知語言學(xué)認(rèn)為,隱喻不僅是一種語言現(xiàn)象,更是一種認(rèn)知現(xiàn)象,是人類一種基本的思維、認(rèn)知和概念化方式。LakoffJohnson于1980年首次在其著作《我們賴以生存的隱喻》中從認(rèn)知科學(xué)的全新視角對隱喻進行系統(tǒng)的研究,其提出的概念隱喻理論,被廣泛應(yīng)用到許多學(xué)科的隱喻研究并產(chǎn)生了豐碩的成果。近年來,我國研究隱喻的文章層出不窮,涉及到政治、經(jīng)濟、科技等許多領(lǐng)域,但對體育新聞中的隱喻研究還很有限。另一方面,體育正逐漸成為人們社會和文化生活中不可或缺的一部分,人們不僅熱衷于親身參與到各類體育活動之中,更樂于閱讀和分享來自世界各地的體育新聞。為了增強報道的生動性和可讀性,隱喻的大量運用成為中文體育新聞的重要特點之一。 有鑒于此,本研究基于由國內(nèi)權(quán)威專業(yè)體育類網(wǎng)站體壇網(wǎng)(www.titan24.com)2011年8月共約13,000條文章標(biāo)題構(gòu)成的中文體育新聞標(biāo)題語料庫,采用LakoffJohnson的概念隱喻理論框架,定量和定性研究相結(jié)合,綜合運用文獻分析、統(tǒng)計計量、問卷調(diào)查等方法,結(jié)合實例對中文體育新聞標(biāo)題中隱喻的基本類型、功能特點進行實證性的研究,并對田徑、游泳、球類三大體育項目中隱喻的使用進行對比分析,以期揭示中文體育新聞標(biāo)題中隱喻的認(rèn)知規(guī)律,總結(jié)中文體育新聞標(biāo)題中隱喻使用的優(yōu)缺點,提出改進建議,從而深化對中文體育新聞標(biāo)題中隱喻的認(rèn)識,促進體育新聞創(chuàng)作質(zhì)量,增強新聞標(biāo)題的感染力。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn),概念隱喻在中文體育新聞標(biāo)題中得以大量應(yīng)用,涵蓋方位隱喻、本體隱喻和結(jié)構(gòu)隱喻。其中,方位隱喻主要包括“上/下”方位隱喻(8.21%)和“高/低”方位隱喻(4.03%)。本體隱喻主要包括兩種實體與物質(zhì)隱喻——機會隱喻(0.27%)和突破隱喻(0.24%),以及兩種容器隱喻——身體隱喻(9.91%)和時期隱喻(1.47%)。結(jié)構(gòu)隱喻主要包括以下六種：戰(zhàn)爭隱喻(43.20%)、旅途隱喻(7.17%)、戲劇隱喻(6.61%)、學(xué)校隱喻(6.47%)、植物隱喻(3.37%)和商業(yè)隱喻(2.24%)。 田徑、游泳、球類三大體育項目中使用隱喻的相似之處主要在于：三大體育項目中使用頻率最高的隱喻類型都是戰(zhàn)爭隱喻；使用頻率最低的都是實體與物質(zhì)隱喻；方位隱喻和本體隱喻的使用頻率及其分布都很接近。三大體育項目中使用隱喻的不同之處主要有：球類中文體育新聞標(biāo)題中使用戰(zhàn)爭隱喻、學(xué)校隱喻以及商業(yè)隱喻的頻率明顯高于田徑和游泳；游泳中使用旅途隱喻的頻率低于球類和田徑；田徑中使用戲劇隱喻的頻率高于游泳和球類；球類中使用更多植物隱喻“運動員(或教練)是植物(或栽培者)”,而游泳和田徑中使用更多植物隱喻“運動生涯是生長過程”。 基于以上分析結(jié)果,本研究通過問卷調(diào)查的方式了解讀者對中文體育新聞標(biāo)題中不同隱喻的接受程度。調(diào)查結(jié)果表明,在同組中文體育新聞標(biāo)題中,使用了實體與物質(zhì)隱喻或戲劇隱喻的標(biāo)題更具吸引讀者的效果。而在同組中文體育新聞標(biāo)題中,讀者對使用了戰(zhàn)爭隱喻中某些暴力血腥表達的標(biāo)題以及使用了商業(yè)隱喻中某些涉嫌侮辱運動員的表達均表示反感。在這些標(biāo)題中,隱喻的使用不僅沒能吸引更多讀者,反而起到相反的效果。因此,在今后中文體育新聞標(biāo)題的實際創(chuàng)作中,記者和編輯一方面可以更好地利用實體與物質(zhì)隱喻和戲劇隱喻；另一方面應(yīng)該盡量避免使用戰(zhàn)爭隱喻中某些暴力血腥的表達以及商業(yè)隱喻中某些涉嫌侮辱運動員的表達,從而提高體育新聞的創(chuàng)作質(zhì)量及其對讀者的吸引力。
[Abstract]:The contemporary cognitive linguistics holds that metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a cognitive phenomenon. It is a basic thought of human being. In 1980,.LakoffJohnson was the first to study metaphor systematically from the new perspective of cognitive science in the metaphor which we live on in 1980. Metaphor theory has been widely applied to the study of metaphor in many disciplines and has produced fruitful results. In recent years, there have been numerous articles on metaphor in our country, involving many fields such as politics, economy, science and technology, but the study of metaphor in sports news is still limited. On the other hand, sports are becoming more and more important in people's social and cultural life. As a part of the lack, people are not only keen to participate in all kinds of sports activities, but also enjoy reading and sharing sports news from all over the world. In order to enhance the vividness and readability of the reports, the use of metaphor has become one of the most important features of Chinese sports news.
In view of this, the study is based on a Chinese sports news headline corpus of about 13000 articles in August 2011, which is composed of the title of the domestic authoritative professional sports website sports network (www.titan24.com). It adopts the framework of LakoffJohnson's conceptual metaphor theory, the quantitative and qualitative research, and the comprehensive use of literature analysis, statistical measurement and questionnaire survey. This paper makes an empirical study on the basic types and functional characteristics of metaphors in Chinese sports news headlines, and makes a comparative analysis of the use of metaphor in three sports events, such as track and field, swimming and ball games, in order to reveal the recognition law of metaphor in Chinese sports news headlines and summarize the use of metaphor in Chinese sports news headlines. In order to deepen the understanding of metaphor in Chinese sports news headlines, promote the quality of sports news creation and enhance the appeal of news headlines.
It is found that conceptual metaphor is widely used in Chinese sports news headlines, including orientation metaphors, ontological metaphors and structural metaphors. Among them, metaphorical metaphors mainly include "upper / lower" orientation metaphors (8.21%) and "high / low" azimuth metaphors (4.03%). Ontological metaphors mainly include two physical and material Metaphors - opportunity metaphor (0.27%) and Breakthrough metaphor (0.24%), and two kinds of container Metaphors - body metaphor (9.91%) and period metaphor (1.47%). Structural metaphors mainly include the following six types: War Metaphor (43.20%), journey metaphor (7.17%), drama metaphor (6.61%), school metaphor (6.47%), plant metaphor (3.37%) and commercial metaphor (2.24%).
The similarity of metaphors in three major sports events in track and field, swimming and ball games mainly lies in the following: the most frequently used metaphors in the three sports events are war metaphors; the lowest use frequencies are both physical and material metaphors; the frequency and distribution of the azimuth and ontological metaphors are both very close. Three sports events The differences in the use of metaphor are as follows: the use of war metaphors in the Chinese sports headlines of the ball, the frequency of school metaphors and commercial metaphors is obviously higher than that of track and field and swimming; the frequency of use of travel metaphors in swimming is lower than that of ball and track and field; the frequency of use of dramatic metaphors in track and field is higher than that of swimming and ball; the use of the ball is more than that of the ball. Many plant metaphors "athletes (or coaches) are plants (or growers)", while swimming and athletics use more plant metaphors "sports career is a growth process".
Based on the results of the above analysis, this study investigates the readers' acceptance of different metaphors in Chinese sports news headlines by means of questionnaires. The results show that in the same group of Chinese sports news titles, the title of the entity and material metaphor or the title of the dramatic metaphor is more attractive to the readers. In the title, the reader is antipathetic to the use of some violent and bloody headlines in the war metaphor and the use of some allegedly insulting athletes in the commercial metaphor. In these titles, the use of metaphor not only fails to attract more readers, but plays the opposite effect. Therefore, the future Chinese sports news headlines are true. On the one hand, journalists and editors can make better use of physical and material metaphors and dramatic metaphors; on the other hand, we should try to avoid the use of some violent and bloody expressions in war metaphors, as well as some of the allegations of insulting athletes in commercial metaphors, so as to improve the quality of sports news and its appeal to the readers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H15

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