本文選題：南海問題 + 批評(píng)性話語分析��； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：語言不僅是人們交流的工具,更是對(duì)特定社會(huì)意識(shí)形態(tài)的反映。作為一門研究語篇的學(xué)科,批評(píng)性話語分析在研究語篇語言特點(diǎn)的同時(shí),也注重對(duì)語篇生成的社會(huì)歷史背景進(jìn)行考察,以此揭示語篇中隱含的權(quán)利和意識(shí)形態(tài)以及它們之間的相互關(guān)系。 作為大眾傳媒的一種主要手段,新聞這一非文學(xué)語篇已經(jīng)越來越受到人們的重視。人們注意到,新聞并不只是對(duì)新聞事件本身的報(bào)道,也不總是客觀、公正的。事實(shí)上,新聞報(bào)道傳遞著各種非語言的信息,包括話語權(quán)利、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度、社會(huì)文化背景等。對(duì)于政治事件,新聞報(bào)道還能夠在一定程度上反映國家的政治立場等,這些都是隱藏于新聞話語背后意識(shí)形態(tài)的體現(xiàn)。近些年的研究表明,批評(píng)性話語分析是研究新聞?wù)Z篇意識(shí)形態(tài)的一種有效方法。 本研究的主要目的是探討語言、權(quán)利和意識(shí)形態(tài)之間的相互關(guān)系及中美新聞機(jī)構(gòu)在語言和意識(shí)形態(tài)上的差異。文章以中越南海問題為例,以費(fèi)爾克勞的三分模式和韓禮德的功能語法為主要理論基礎(chǔ),從中國新華社主辦的《新華網(wǎng)》和美國的《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》分別選取了10篇關(guān)于此事的新聞報(bào)道,對(duì)它們進(jìn)行以下三個(gè)層面的分析：文本層面,主要從分類和及物性兩方面研究兩國報(bào)道在語言特征上各自的特點(diǎn)及差異；話語實(shí)踐層面,從轉(zhuǎn)述方式和消息來源兩方面考察了兩國新聞報(bào)道的生成過程；社會(huì)實(shí)踐層面,從社會(huì)、文化、政治制度等方面探討了中美新聞?wù)Z篇在文本和話語實(shí)踐層面存在差異的原因,并進(jìn)一步揭示了隱藏于新聞?wù)Z篇中的權(quán)利和意識(shí)形態(tài)。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn)主要包括以下兩方面：首先,中美新聞機(jī)構(gòu)無論在文本層面如詞匯分類、及物性等還是在話語實(shí)踐層面如轉(zhuǎn)述方式及消息來源等方面都存在較大差異。通過對(duì)中美兩國不同的社會(huì)、文化及政治制度進(jìn)行考察和對(duì)比分析得知,二者在上述幾方面的不同主要源于兩國不同的意識(shí)形態(tài)及政治立場。其次,新聞話語決非像其宣稱的那樣客觀、公正。相反,新聞報(bào)道中充斥著各種觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度,尤其是政治新聞,這是因?yàn)樾侣剻C(jī)構(gòu)往往代表著本國的意識(shí)形態(tài)體系以及該國政府的政治立場,因此新聞話語的公正性只是一個(gè)相對(duì)概念。 就中越南海事件而言,《新華網(wǎng)》和《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》在語言層面的巨大差異取決于兩國不同的權(quán)利和意識(shí)形態(tài)。從權(quán)利的角度講,中國是一個(gè)無產(chǎn)階級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的發(fā)展中國家,提倡“和平共處”五項(xiàng)原則,《新華網(wǎng)》的報(bào)道正是體現(xiàn)了中國維護(hù)國家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整的正當(dāng)要求；不同于中國,美國一直以世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者自居,而《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的報(bào)道也明確顯示出美國一直推崇的霸權(quán)主義、強(qiáng)權(quán)政治,美國插手中越南海問題,實(shí)質(zhì)上就是要擴(kuò)張自己的權(quán)利范圍,體現(xiàn)出其稱霸世界的野心。從意識(shí)形態(tài)的角度講,中國是一個(gè)社會(huì)主義國家,保持主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整是國家的核心利益,美國介入中越南海爭端的非正義行為,顯然侵犯了中國的主權(quán)及領(lǐng)土完整性,因此遭到中國的強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)；相反,美國是一個(gè)資本主義國家,推崇民主、自由的價(jià)值觀,為實(shí)現(xiàn)本國利益的最大化,美國制定了全球戰(zhàn)略并把亞洲作為其目標(biāo)之一,鑒于南海重要的地理位置,美國插手了中越南海問題,根本不顧世界公平與正義。 本研究的理論意義在于再次證明了費(fèi)爾克拉夫三分模式及韓禮德功能語法在分析新聞?wù)Z篇意識(shí)形態(tài)時(shí)的適用性,并揭示了新聞話語的不公正性。其實(shí)踐意義在于激活了人們的語言意識(shí),幫助人們在閱讀新聞報(bào)道時(shí)更加有效地獲得真實(shí)、有價(jià)值的新聞信息,并幫助提高了其鑒賞、評(píng)價(jià)新聞話語的能力,從而在今后的生活中能夠更加客觀的看待新聞報(bào)道中的語言。
[Abstract]:Language is not only a tool for people to communicate, but also a reflection of the specific social ideology. As a subject of discourse, critical discourse analysis, while studying the characteristics of discourse, also pays attention to the investigation of the social and historical background of discourse generation, in order to reveal the implied rights and ideology in the text and between them. The relationship between each other.
As a major means of mass media, the non literary text of news has been paid more and more attention. It is noted that news is not only a report of the news event itself, but not always objective and impartial. In fact, the news reports convey various nonverbal information, including the right of discourse, opinion, attitude, and social culture. Background and so on. For political events, news reports can also reflect the political position of the country to a certain extent, all of which are embodied in the ideology behind the news discourse. In recent years, the research shows that critical discourse analysis is an effective way to study the ideology of news discourse.
The main purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between language, rights and ideology and the differences in language and ideology between China and the United States. The article takes the Sino Vietnamese South China Sea issue as an example, based on Phil Klau's three model and Hallidy's functional grammar as the main theoretical basis, and from the Xinhua net, which is hosted by the Xinhua news agency of China, and the United States. China's < New York Times > selected 10 news reports on the matter and analyzed them in the following three levels: the textual level, mainly from the two aspects of classification and transitivity, studied the characteristics and differences of the two countries' reports on the language characteristics; the discourse practice level examined the two countries from the two aspects of the transfer mode and the source of information. The formation process of news reports; the social practice level, from the social, cultural, political system and other aspects to explore the differences between Chinese and American news discourse on the level of text and discourse practice, and further reveal the rights and ideology hidden in the news discourse.
The findings mainly include the following two aspects: first, there are great differences in the text level, such as vocabulary classification, transitivity, etc., such as the way of retelling and the source of information in the discourse practice level. Through the investigation and comparative analysis of the different social, cultural and political systems between China and the United States, two The differences in these aspects are mainly due to the different ideological and political positions of the two countries. Secondly, the news discourse is not as objective and impartial as it claims. On the contrary, the news reports are filled with various views, attitudes, especially political news, because the news agencies often represent their own ideological system and the state's administration. Therefore, the justness of news discourse is only a relative concept.
In terms of the Sino Vietnamese South China Sea events, the great difference in language level between Xinhua and New York Times depends on the different rights and ideology of the two countries. From the point of view of rights, China is a developing country led by the proletariat, advocating the five principles of "peaceful coexistence", and the report of "Xinhua net" is the embodiment of China's maintenance of the state owner. Different from China, the United States has been living with world leaders, and the report of < New York Times > also clearly shows the hegemonism, power politics and the South China Sea in the hands of the United States. In essence, it is to expand its scope of rights and reflect its ambition to dominate the world. China is a socialist state, and China is a socialist country. Maintaining sovereignty and territorial integrity is the core interests of the country. The unjust behavior of the United States intervening in the South China Sea dispute clearly violates China's sovereignty and territorial integrity. Therefore, it has been strongly opposed by China. In contrast, the United States is a capitalist country, and advocates democracy and self. In order to maximize the interests of the country, the United States has formulated a global strategy and one of its goals. In view of the important geographical location of the South China Sea, the United States has taken a hand in the South China Sea problem, regardless of world fairness and justice.
The theoretical significance of this study is to reprove the applicability of felk three model and Hallidy functional grammar in the analysis of news discourse ideology, and reveal the injustice of news discourse. Its practical significance is to activate people's language awareness and help people to get more effective in reading news reports. It is true, valuable news information, and helps to improve its appreciation, to evaluate the ability of news discourse, and to be able to look at the language of news reports more objectively in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H052

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 辛斌;批評(píng)性語篇分析方法論[J];外國語(上海外國語大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào));2002年06期

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