本文選題：下來(lái) + 下去��； 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的一對(duì)趨向動(dòng)詞，“下來(lái)”、“下去”在功能和意義上有很多相似之處。前人對(duì)“下來(lái)”、“下去”的研究基本上集中在對(duì)語(yǔ)義特點(diǎn)和分類上，句法上主要描述了這兩個(gè)詞出現(xiàn)的句式，而沒(méi)有進(jìn)行解釋。 本文基于北大語(yǔ)料庫(kù)小說(shuō)類型中出現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)料，以是否發(fā)生位移為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)空間和時(shí)間維度上的重新分類對(duì)大量的語(yǔ)料進(jìn)行分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)“下來(lái)”、“下去”作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)有時(shí)能交換使用，有時(shí)不宜交換使用，有時(shí)甚至根本不能交換使用。因此，，本文從句法語(yǔ)義結(jié)合的層面，探討“下來(lái)”、“下去”作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)出現(xiàn)的句法語(yǔ)義限制條件，并從認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)的角度作出理?yè)?jù)性分析。 本文通過(guò)“下來(lái)”、“下去”互換使用的三種情況對(duì)“下來(lái)”、“下去”的句法語(yǔ)義限制進(jìn)行分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)“下來(lái)”、“下去”的語(yǔ)義特征對(duì)他們能否互換起到關(guān)鍵作用。從有界無(wú)界的角度看，“下來(lái)”有終點(diǎn)，是有界的，而“下去”無(wú)終點(diǎn)，是無(wú)界的，這兩詞只能分別與相對(duì)應(yīng)的有界或無(wú)界成分搭配使用；在此過(guò)程中，主觀化也起到一定作用，當(dāng)觀察預(yù)設(shè)了立足點(diǎn)時(shí)，我們根據(jù)視角的不同選用“下來(lái)”或“下去”；當(dāng)語(yǔ)義上空間性弱，句子客觀性減弱，主觀性加強(qiáng)，此時(shí)“下來(lái)”、“下去”能靈活換用，基本上不影響句意。由此反映出語(yǔ)義是語(yǔ)言最基本的成分，能在一定程度上決定句法分布，并且人們對(duì)語(yǔ)言的使用與其認(rèn)知能力是分不開的。語(yǔ)義上有界無(wú)界的特點(diǎn)及觀察的不同視角，使人們?cè)诓煌闆r下選用“下來(lái)”、“下去”。
[Abstract]:As a common pair of directional verbs in modern Chinese, "down" and "go" have many similarities in function and meaning. Previous researches on "come down" and "go down" basically focus on the semantic characteristics and classification. Syntactically, they mainly describe the syntactic patterns of the two words, but do not explain them. Based on the data of the novel types in Peking University corpus, this paper analyzes a large number of data by reclassifying the spatial and temporal dimensions according to whether displacement occurs, and finds that "come down". "go" as a complement can sometimes be used interchangeably, sometimes not in exchange, or even not at all. Therefore, from the aspect of syntactic and semantic combination, this paper discusses the syntactic and semantic constraints that appear when "down" and "go" as complements, and makes a motivational analysis from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. This paper analyzes the syntactic and semantic limitations of "come down" and "go down" through the three cases of "down" and "go" interchangeably. It is found that the semantic features of "down" and "down" play a key role in their interchangeability. From a bounded and unbounded point of view, "down" has an end, is bounded, and "goes" without an end, is unbounded, and the two words can only be used in conjunction with the corresponding bounded or unbounded component, respectively; in the process, Subjectivization also plays a certain role. When we observe the preset foothold, we choose "down" or "go down" according to different perspectives; when the semantic space is weak, the objectivity of sentences is weakened and subjectivity is strengthened, we "come down". "go down" can be used flexibly, basically without affecting the meaning of a sentence. It shows that semantics is the most basic component of language, which can determine the syntactic distribution to a certain extent, and people's use of language is inseparable from their cognitive ability. The semantic characteristics of bounded and unbounded and the different perspectives of observation make people choose "down" and "down" under different circumstances.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H146

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 盧英順;現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中的“延續(xù)體”[J];安徽師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(人文社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2000年03期

2 陳忠;;復(fù)合趨向補(bǔ)語(yǔ)中“來(lái)/去”的句法分布順序及其理?yè)?jù)[J];當(dāng)代語(yǔ)言學(xué);2007年01期

3 徐靜茜;也論“.下來(lái)”“.下去”的引申用法[J];漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí);1985年04期

4 張伯江;動(dòng)趨式里賓語(yǔ)位置的制約因素[J];漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí);1991年06期

5 高順全;體標(biāo)記“下來(lái)”、“下去”補(bǔ)議[J];漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí);2001年03期

6 馬玉汴;;趨向動(dòng)詞的認(rèn)知分析[J];漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí);2005年06期

7 陳昌來(lái);動(dòng)后趨向動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)研究述評(píng)[J];漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí);1994年02期

8 齊滬揚(yáng);;空間位移中主觀參照“來(lái)／去”的語(yǔ)用含義[J];世界漢語(yǔ)教學(xué);1996年04期

9 陸儉明;;動(dòng)詞后趨向補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的位置問(wèn)題[J];世界漢語(yǔ)教學(xué);2002年01期

10 郭春貴;;復(fù)合趨向補(bǔ)語(yǔ)與非處所賓語(yǔ)的位置問(wèn)題補(bǔ)議[J];世界漢語(yǔ)教學(xué);2003年03期

本文編號(hào)：1937037