本文選題：DP假設(shè) + 特征核查�。� 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在普遍語(yǔ)法理論和DP層假設(shè)背景之下，漢語(yǔ)作為一種普遍認(rèn)為缺乏冠詞的語(yǔ)言，其間是否存在D已引起語(yǔ)言學(xué)家廣泛關(guān)注。 本文是在最簡(jiǎn)方案的理論框架下，借助特征核查分析方法來(lái)研究漢語(yǔ)量詞的句法結(jié)構(gòu)以及D功能。研究問(wèn)題主要有以下三個(gè)問(wèn)題：(1)在普遍語(yǔ)法框架下，漢語(yǔ)作為缺乏冠詞的語(yǔ)言是否存在著Ｄ成分？如果D成分存在，何種成分有可能承擔(dān)Ｄ的部分功能？(2)在限定詞短語(yǔ)假定下，有定解讀的漢語(yǔ)名詞短語(yǔ)的內(nèi)在結(jié)構(gòu)在句法上如何呈現(xiàn)？(3)如何運(yùn)用特征核查方式來(lái)體現(xiàn)和統(tǒng)一解釋漢語(yǔ)名詞短語(yǔ)在限定詞短語(yǔ)假定下的有定解讀？ 針對(duì)以上問(wèn)題，本文在考察漢語(yǔ)南北方言的差異后認(rèn)為漢語(yǔ)中存在著D成分，并指出D在漢語(yǔ)中的表現(xiàn)形式存在參數(shù)差異。其次，本文在逐步考察了光桿名詞、量名結(jié)構(gòu)、帶數(shù)量詞的名詞性短語(yǔ)和帶指示詞的名詞性短語(yǔ)在動(dòng)詞前和動(dòng)詞后不同句法位置的不同語(yǔ)義解讀之后，指出：凡是指稱的名詞性短語(yǔ)都是限定詞短語(yǔ)，且有定的名詞性短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的限定詞都不可以為空。最后，本文用特征核查的方式來(lái)解釋移位產(chǎn)生的原因，認(rèn)為在有定解讀的名詞性短語(yǔ)中，D就如一個(gè)帶有未被解讀的定指特征的探頭（probe），該特征強(qiáng)勢(shì)且需尋找位于它統(tǒng)領(lǐng)范圍內(nèi)（domain）的目標(biāo)(goal)得到滿足。由于參數(shù)差異，在以粵語(yǔ)、溫州方言等為代表的量詞發(fā)達(dá)型南方語(yǔ)言中，通過(guò)量詞到D的移位實(shí)現(xiàn)該特征;而以指示詞發(fā)達(dá)型北方語(yǔ)言中，要么指示詞占據(jù)D位置，要么光桿名詞移位滿足該特征從而實(shí)現(xiàn)定指解讀。 本研究從新的視角解釋漢語(yǔ)名詞性短語(yǔ)定指解讀，，不僅有助于進(jìn)一步理解漢語(yǔ)量詞的特殊用法與意義，而且豐富了漢語(yǔ)量詞研究，同時(shí)也有助于擴(kuò)展普遍語(yǔ)法里參數(shù)差異。
[Abstract]:Under the background of universal grammatical theory and DP hypothesis, the existence of D in Chinese, as a language that is generally believed to be lacking in articles, has aroused widespread concern among linguists. In this paper, the syntactic structure and D function of Chinese quantifiers are studied by means of feature verification and analysis under the theoretical framework of the simplest scheme. The main research questions are as follows: 1) under the general grammatical framework, is there a D component in Chinese as a language lacking articles? If the D component exists, which component is likely to assume part of D's function?) on the assumption of a qualifier phrase, How does the intrinsic structure of a deterministic Chinese noun phrase appear syntactically?) how to use the method of feature verification to explain the deterministic interpretation of Chinese noun phrase under the assumption of deterministic phrase? In view of the above problems, this paper points out that there is a D component in Chinese, and points out that there are parameter differences in the expression of D in Chinese. Secondly, this paper examines the semantic interpretation of different syntactic positions of bare noun, quantitive noun structure, noun phrase with quantifier and noun phrase with deixis at different syntactic positions before and after the verb. It is pointed out that all referential noun phrases are deterministic phrases, and the determinants of the definite nominal phrase structures can not be empty. Finally, this paper uses the method of feature verification to explain the causes of displacement. It is considered that in a noun phrase with definite interpretation, D is like a probe with an uninterpreted fixed finger feature, which is strong and needs to be satisfied with the target located within the scope of its dominance. Because of the difference of parameters, in the developed southern languages, such as Cantonese, Wenzhou dialect and so on, the feature is realized by shifting quantifiers to D, while the deixis occupy D position in the developed northern languages with deixis. Either the noun shift of the bare pole satisfies this characteristic, thus realizing the definite interpretation. This study not only helps to further understand the special usage and meaning of Chinese classifiers, but also enriches the study of Chinese classifiers and expands the differences of parameters in general grammar.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H146

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