本文選題：英漢兒童 + 方位詞習得�。� 參考：《長沙理工大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：世界上任何事物都處于一定的時空之中,認識事物間的空間關(guān)系是認識客觀世界一個極為重要的方面。空間認知能力的發(fā)展是兒童適應(yīng)環(huán)境的前提,日常生活中幾乎一切活動都和空間位置有關(guān),從小培養(yǎng)這種能力可以幫助兒童很好地適應(yīng)周圍環(huán)境,提高綜合素質(zhì)。兒童語言習得,長期以來一直為學者們所關(guān)注,而兒童對表示空間關(guān)系詞語的習得,作為兒童語言習得研究的一個分支,近年來,也越來越受國內(nèi)外學界的關(guān)注。本課題以兩名說漢語兒童和兩名說英語兒童為研究對象,參照朱德熙(2004方位詞分類標準,將方位詞分為上、下、里、外、前、后、中、旁、左、右,并運用調(diào)查研究法、個案縱向觀察法以及數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法對四名兒童ZHZ、MHR(01；08-04；11)、ADA、SAR(02；03-02；10)方位詞習得及使用情況進行研究分析,通過對比研究,揭示英漢兒童方位詞習得的異同,并對其原因進行分析闡釋。對說漢語兒童ZHZ和MHR早期方位詞的習得情況做長期跟蹤調(diào)查研究,得出其各類方位詞的始現(xiàn)時間及使用頻率,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)兩名兒童的方位詞習得遵循一定的順序,即：上類及里類方位詞最先被習得,且使用頻率最高；左、右類方位詞到四歲時仍未習得。對來自Brown語料庫的兩名說英語兒童ADA和SAR的語料進行分析,研究顯示：兩名說英語兒童較早習得on/up/over,in/inside,under,down/andout/outside, on和in的使用頻率最高,兩名兒童均未習得left和right。用意象圖式對兒童早期方位詞的習得過程做分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)意象圖式與空間關(guān)系存在密切的關(guān)聯(lián),并可以用來解釋兒童方位詞發(fā)展的順序。對兩名說漢語兒童和兩名英語兒童早期方位詞習得的對比研究分析表明：(1)兒童對各類方位詞的認知經(jīng)歷了一個較長的過程,3歲兒童習得上、下、里、外,四歲兒童已基本掌握前、后方位詞。直到四歲零十個月,兒童還沒有完全習得左、右。(2)兒童方位詞的習得存在關(guān)鍵期。3到4歲是兒童習得上、下、里、外、前、后的飛躍期。(3)就習得順序和頻率而言,說漢語兒童最早習得上類和里類,且出現(xiàn)頻率最高；說英語兒童也較早習得on/up/over, in/inside,且on和in的使用頻率最高,左、右類方位詞的習得最晚。到四歲零十個月,說漢語兒童能分清自己的左右手,但是不能完全理解左、右的空間意義；而說英語兒童完全沒有習得left和right。兒童方位詞的習得順序以及使用頻率與兒童認知水平發(fā)展、語言輸入、語言的復(fù)雜程度等因素密切相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Everything in the world is in a certain time and space, understanding the spatial relationship between things is an extremely important aspect of understanding the objective world. The development of spatial cognitive ability is the premise for children to adapt to the environment. Almost all activities in daily life are related to spatial position. Cultivating this ability from childhood can help children adapt to the surrounding environment and improve their comprehensive quality. Children's language acquisition has been concerned by scholars for a long time. As a branch of children's language acquisition, children's acquisition of expressions of spatial relations has been paid more and more attention by scholars at home and abroad in recent years. This subject takes two Chinese speaking children and two English speaking children as the research objects, referring to the classification standard of Zhu Dexi / 2004, classifying the location words into upper, lower, inner, outer, front, back, middle, side, left, right, and using the method of investigation and research. Case longitudinal observation and mathematical statistics were used to analyze the acquisition and use of azimuth words in four children (ZHZX MHR01-08-0411 / ADA-SAR02-03-0210). Through the comparative study, the similarities and differences of Chinese and English children's azimuth word acquisition were revealed, and the reasons were analyzed and explained. The acquisition of ZHZ and MHR early azimuth words in Chinese speaking children was investigated for a long time, and the beginning time and frequency of their azimuth words were obtained. It was found that the acquisition of locative words of the two children followed a certain order. That is, the upper class and the middle type are first acquired and used most frequently, while the left and right ones are not learned by the age of four. Two English-speaking children from the Brown corpus, ADA and SAR, were analyzed. The results showed that the two English-speaking children acquired onupoverover / out side, on and in the most frequently, and neither of them acquired left or right. By analyzing the acquisition process of children's early locative words with image schema, it is found that there is a close relationship between image schema and spatial relationship, and it can be used to explain the order of the development of children's locative words. The contrastive study on the acquisition of early locative words by two Chinese speaking children and two English children shows that the cognition of all kinds of azimuth words has experienced a long process in the acquisition of three year old children, namely, upper, lower, middle, and outer. Four-year-old children have basically mastered the word before and after the position. Up to the age of four and ten months, the children have not fully acquired the left, right and right words.) the critical period for the acquisition of the child's azimuth words is the period of children's acquisition of upper, lower, outer, front and rear leaps. 3) in terms of the order and frequency of acquisition, The children who speak Chinese are the first to acquire the upper class and the inner class, and the English speaking children also acquire onupr / over, inr / insideearlier, and use on and in are the highest, and the locative words of left and right are acquired the last time. At the age of four and ten months, Chinese speaking children can distinguish between their left and right hands, but they can not fully understand the spatial meaning of left and right, while English-speaking children have not acquired left and right at all. The acquisition order and frequency of children's locative words are closely related to the development of children's cognitive level, language input, language complexity and so on.
【學位授予單位】：長沙理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H193.1

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王祥榮;兒童語言中的“上”、“下”類方位詞[J];安徽師范大學學報(人文社會科學版);2000年04期

2 張t煿，

本文編號：1898340