本文選題：隱喻 + 幽默潛質��； 參考：《上海師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隱喻和幽默的研究都有兩千多年的歷史。但在過去，兩者通常各行其道，而隱喻的幽默潛質往往被人所忽視。本研究回顧了隱喻理論和幽默理論，認為兩者的研究可以整合，因為存在一些重要的相通之處。 本研究指出隱喻的幽默性來自隱喻的三個重要語義特征，即本體和喻體的語義沖突和重疊，隱喻的創(chuàng)造性和隱喻的模糊性。 通過分析真實語料，本文發(fā)現(xiàn)幽默隱喻主要有12種表現(xiàn)形式：基于語法的隱喻、意象隱喻、基于類比的隱喻、博喻、多重詮釋、喻體的非典型特征或不合邏輯的喻體、基于多義的隱喻、隱喻夸張、延遲喻底、延遲本體、喻底再否定和混合隱喻。本研究進一步證明了言者會有意或者無意地創(chuàng)造幽默隱喻，比如多重詮釋和混合隱喻。此外，并非總是言者來構建幽默的喻底。實際上，聽者同樣在幽默隱喻的意義建構中發(fā)揮重要作用。本體和喻體之間的語義距離越大、喻體的特征越多、形式越乖訛越荒誕、數(shù)量越多、喻體結合使用夸張或者本體與喻體的兩面性并置，幽默效果也會越強烈。 除此之外，本文對比分析了明喻和隱喻的幽默潛質，發(fā)現(xiàn)隱喻的幽默效果更加強烈。而“l(fā)ike”形式的明喻往往也比“as as”形式的明喻更加具有幽默效果。而死隱喻會在特定的條件下重新激活，獲得其字面意義，從而顯得幽默。同樣，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)對于不同語法形式的隱喻，名詞性隱喻最具有幽默效果。最后，，本文還為如何創(chuàng)作幽默隱喻提供了一些切實可行的建議。
[Abstract]:The study of metaphor and humor has a history of more than two thousand years. In the past, however, the two tended to go their own ways, and metaphorical humor was often overlooked. The present study reviews the metaphorical theory and the humor theory and argues that the two studies can be integrated because there are some important similarities. The present study points out that the humor of metaphor comes from the three important semantic features of metaphor, namely, the semantic conflict and overlap between ontology and metaphor, the creativity of metaphor and the fuzziness of metaphor. By analyzing the real corpus, this paper finds that there are 12 main forms of humor metaphor: grammatic-based metaphor, image metaphor, analogy based metaphor, metonymy, multi-interpretation, atypical or illogical metaphor of the metaphor. Based on polysemous metaphor, metaphor exaggeration, delay metaphor background, delay ontology, metaphorical negation and mixed metaphor. The present study further proves that the speaker creates humorous metaphors intentionally or unintentionally, such as multiple interpretations and mixed metaphors. In addition, it is not always the speaker to construct the background of humor. In fact, listeners also play an important role in the construction of humorous metaphors. The greater the semantic distance between the ontology and the vehicle, the more the characteristics of the vehicle, the more the form is wrong and absurd, the more the number is, the more the humorous effect will be when the metaphor is combined with exaggeration or the two sides of the ontology and the vehicle are juxtaposed. In addition, this paper analyzes the humor potential of metaphor and metonymy, and finds that the humorous effect of metaphor is stronger. The "like" form of metaphor is also more humorous than the "as as" form of metaphor. The death metaphor can be reactivated under certain conditions to acquire its literal meaning and thus appear humorous. Similarly, we find that nominal metaphor is the most humorous in different grammatical forms. Finally, this paper provides some practical suggestions on how to create humorous metaphors.
【學位授予單位】：上海師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H05

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本文編號：1813740