本文選題：趨向補(bǔ)語 + 偏誤分析　； 參考：《上海外國語大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：補(bǔ)語,是用于述語后面對述語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明作用的成分。漢語語法中的補(bǔ)語是外國學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)漢語的難點,也是對外漢語教學(xué)中的研究重點。西班牙語沒有能完全與漢語補(bǔ)語相對應(yīng)的句法成分,這是很多西語母語學(xué)習(xí)者認(rèn)為“述補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)”難以掌握的原因之一。不過更重要的原因還是在于這種結(jié)構(gòu)本身有其復(fù)雜性。受西班牙語語序、語義和語境等多個要素的影響,漢語補(bǔ)語在西班牙語中通常轉(zhuǎn)化為狀語、副動詞。在多數(shù)情況下,西班牙語會省略與漢語中的補(bǔ)語表達(dá)相類似的結(jié)構(gòu)。所以對于以西班牙語為母語的學(xué)習(xí)者來說,了解兩國語言的語法結(jié)構(gòu)尤為重要。因此,對趨向補(bǔ)語的深入了解和研究將會加深對整個漢語語法系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識。 本文對漢語補(bǔ)語與西班牙語的相應(yīng)成分進(jìn)行比較,著重討論這兩種語言在習(xí)慣上和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的不同之處,將漢語趨向補(bǔ)語在漢語和西班牙語種的表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行對比,并在此基礎(chǔ)上以學(xué)生的調(diào)查問卷為主要依據(jù),總結(jié)西語母語學(xué)習(xí)者習(xí)得趨向補(bǔ)語時產(chǎn)生的偏誤類型并分析其原因,逐步展開討論,并為西語母語學(xué)習(xí)者在習(xí)得漢語趨向補(bǔ)語的方法以及教師們的教學(xué)編排提出合理化建議,提高教學(xué)的針對性,從而有助于正在學(xué)習(xí)漢語和即將學(xué)習(xí)漢語的西語母語學(xué)習(xí)者們在學(xué)習(xí)趨向補(bǔ)語過程避免再犯此類的錯誤。
[Abstract]:Complement is the element that is used to supplement and explain the predicate after the predicate.Complement in Chinese grammar is a difficult point for foreign students to learn Chinese, and it is also a research focus in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.The fact that Spanish does not have syntactic elements corresponding to Chinese complements is one of the reasons why many native speakers of Spanish find it difficult to master the "predicate complement structure".More important, though, is the complexity of the structure itself.Influenced by Spanish word order, semantics and context, Chinese complements are usually transformed into adverbials and adverbial verbs in Spanish.In most cases, Spanish omits structures similar to complement expressions in Chinese.Therefore, it is particularly important for Spanish-speaking learners to understand the grammatical structure of both languages.Therefore, the in-depth understanding and study of directional complement will deepen the understanding of the whole Chinese grammar system.This paper compares the corresponding components of Chinese complement and Spanish, mainly discusses the differences between the two languages in habit and grammatical structure, and compares the performance of Chinese directional complement in Chinese and Spanish.On the basis of the questionnaire, this paper summarizes the types of errors in the acquisition of directional complement by native language learners, and analyzes the reasons for the errors, and discusses them step by step.It also puts forward some reasonable suggestions for the acquisition of Chinese directional complement and teachers' teaching arrangement by native language learners in order to improve the pertinence of the teaching.Therefore, it is helpful for the western native language learners who are learning Chinese and about to learn Chinese to avoid making such mistakes in the process of learning trend complement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H195.3

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