本文選題：方式原則 + 象似性理論��； 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,在修辭研究領(lǐng)域,對于辭格的形式和意義兩個方面,人們通常是關(guān)注意義而忽略形式。但在辭格的使用過程中,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),辭格之所以能產(chǎn)生特定的修辭效果,不僅僅是因為字、詞的選用和組合而造成的特殊語言意義的作用,有時候,當詞語搭配和使用缺乏新意,但是卻能以特定的形式組合起來的時候,也能產(chǎn)生各種各樣的表達效果。為了探求辭格形式促進語言表達效果的原因,以及其中可能存在的語言‘學(xué)原理,我們決定對有特定形式的辭格進行研究。本文結(jié)合語用學(xué)和認知語言學(xué)的相關(guān)原理,針對反復(fù)、排比、對偶、層遞、頂真、回環(huán)這幾個常用的形式化辭格行分析,一方面可以補充以往尚未涉及到或者涉入尚淺的修辭學(xué)的相關(guān)領(lǐng)域,使辭格的本體研究得到進一步的深化,另一方面以辭格研究為例,我們嘗試將修辭學(xué)與其他學(xué)科,特別是各種新興的語言科學(xué)聯(lián)系起來,進行跨學(xué)科的理論探索,從而發(fā)掘修辭學(xué)新的發(fā)展方向。本文主要涉及到了方式原則、象似性理論、格式塔、范疇、會話焦點轉(zhuǎn)移、圖形——背景等語用學(xué)和認知語言學(xué)的相關(guān)理論,通過對典型修辭實例的分析和研究,我們認為：形式化辭格通過遵守或違背方式原則的相關(guān)準則,可以達到各種特殊的表達效果；象似性理論與形式化辭洛的生成機制緊密結(jié)合,可以解釋這些辭格的特殊形式是由于什么原因產(chǎn)生的,到底是單純的語言因素的作用,還是另外涉及到了人們的心智因素；當從篇章的角度切入來研究辭格時,其表現(xiàn)出的謀篇布局、銜接上下文的功能又是如何借助格式塔、范疇、會話焦點轉(zhuǎn)移、圖形——背景等原理體現(xiàn)出來的,這也說明,對于同一個問題,我們可以從多角度出發(fā),運用各種原理對其進行解釋。在研究的過程中,我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn),本文所涉及的幾個原理有些存在著緊密的聯(lián)系,如順序象似性與方式原則中的“有條理”準則相通,范疇原理中的“家族相似性”與格式塔的相似原則相通,這也表明了語用學(xué)與認知語言學(xué)、認知語言學(xué)內(nèi)部各原理之間都存在著錯綜復(fù)雜的關(guān)系。本文的實踐證明將修辭學(xué)與其他語言科學(xué)結(jié)合起來進行研究是有很大發(fā)展空間的,長時間的修辭研究局限迫切要求我們尋求新的研究思路和研究方法,對于本文所產(chǎn)生的一些結(jié)論,目前我們還無法判斷正確的成分有多少,需要改進和探究的地方還很多,但正是有這樣可能性的出現(xiàn)才能促使我們在修辭學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域上進一步探索,從而得到更多的收獲。
[Abstract]:At present, in the field of rhetorical research, people usually pay attention to meaning and neglect form.However, in the process of using rhetorical figures, we find that the specific rhetorical effects of rhetoric are not only due to the special linguistic meaning caused by the choice and combination of words, but also sometimes.When collocation and use of words lack of new ideas, but can be combined in a specific form, can also produce a variety of expressions.In order to find out the reason why the case form promotes the effect of language expression, and the possible linguistic 'theory, we decide to study the case with specific form.Based on the relevant principles of pragmatics and cognitive linguistics, this paper aims at the analysis of some commonly used formal rhetorical lines such as repetition, parallelism, duality, stratification, topmost truth, and return loop.On the one hand, we can supplement the previous related fields of rhetoric that have not been involved or involved in the superficial rhetoric, so as to further deepen the study of the ontology of rhetoric. On the other hand, taking the case study as an example, we try to combine rhetoric with other disciplines.Especially, all kinds of new language science are connected to explore the interdisciplinary theory, so as to explore the new development direction of rhetoric.This paper mainly deals with the relevant theories of pragmatics and cognitive linguistics, such as the principle of mode, iconicity theory, gestalt, category, conversational focus shift, graphic-background and so on, through the analysis and study of typical rhetorical examples.We believe that formal rhetoric can achieve a variety of special expressive effects by following or violating the relevant rules of the principle of mode; the iconicity theory is closely combined with the formation mechanism of formal rhetoric.It can be explained whether the special forms of these words are produced for what reason, whether they are the function of pure language factors or whether they relate to people's mental factors, and when they are studied from the perspective of text,It shows how the function of cohesion context is embodied by the principles of gestalt, category, conversation focus shift, graph-background, etc., which also shows that for the same problem, we can proceed from many angles.Use various principles to explain it.In the course of the study, it is not difficult to find that some of the principles involved in this paper are closely related, such as the similarity of sequence and the "organized" principle in the principle of mode.The "family similarity" in category principle is related to the similarity principle of Gestalt, which also shows that there are intricate relationships between pragmatics and cognitive linguistics, and between the principles of cognitive linguistics.The practice of this paper proves that there is a lot of room for development by combining rhetoric with other linguistic sciences, and the limitations of long time rhetoric research require us to seek new research ideas and methods.For some of the conclusions produced in this paper, we are not yet able to determine the correct composition, and there are still many areas to be improved and explored.But it is just the possibility that we can explore further in the field of rhetoric and gain more gains.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H05

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