本文選題：禹州方言　切入點：助詞　出處：《廣西師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：禹州方言屬北方官話南魯片。以往研究禹州方言多在語音詞匯方面,語法甚少。本文在調(diào)查收集大量語料基礎(chǔ)上,采用共時描寫和比較的方法,對禹州方言的助詞加以系統(tǒng)研究。全文分六大部分： 引言部分主要介紹禹州方言的人文、地理和方言研究概況,闡明研究禹州方言助詞的目的和意義,交代論文寫作方法及語料來源。 第一部分主要描寫了結(jié)構(gòu)助詞“哩”和一些普通話中沒有的關(guān)于“哩”的固定格式�！傲ā痹诰渲蟹謩e顯示定中、狀中和述補關(guān)系,還可構(gòu)成“哩”字短語。大致相當于普通話中的“的”、“地”、“得”和“的”字短語。在“哩”字固定格式中,“A哩B哩”格式意義相當于“又……又”和“無論……都”,還有“A呀A哩”,表動作的持續(xù)狀態(tài)的格式用法。 第二部分主要討論了動態(tài)助詞“著”、“了1”、“了2”“過”和一些方言特色的表時態(tài)的固定結(jié)構(gòu)�！爸痹谟碇莘窖灾凶髦~,意義上表示動作正在進行、表示狀態(tài)的持續(xù),用在動詞后,表時間點、表方式目的、表附著�！傲�1”用在動詞后面一般表假設(shè)動作完成,或表動作完畢。表動作的完成時,代替“過1”的用法,有“已經(jīng)完成”的意思�！斑^”在禹州方言中只表示曾經(jīng)發(fā)生,不表動作的完畢,與普通話中的動態(tài)助詞“過”表動作的完畢的用法不同。最后,還討論了如：“VVV、VVV”、“VXX、VXX”、“V著V著”等一些表時態(tài)的固定格式的用法。 第三部分分析了復(fù)數(shù)助詞“們”、“幾個[t(?)i(?)24]”。禹州方言中“幾個[t(?)i(?)24]”用作復(fù)數(shù)助詞直接用在人稱代詞后。除此之外,由“幾個[t(?)i(?)24]”延伸來討論“[iua]”作方言助詞的意義和用法�！癧iu(?)]”在禹州方言中能夠代替助詞“個”作助詞或襯音現(xiàn)象。 第四部論述了語氣助詞“哩”和其它語氣助詞�！傲ā背俗鼋Y(jié)構(gòu)助詞之外,還用在句后作語氣助詞,相當于普通話中的語氣詞“的”和“呢”的用法。當“哩”用法相當于普通話中的“的”時,小句后必須加“哩”,當“哩”用法相當于語氣詞“呢”時,小句后的“哩”可不加。另外,還討論了其他方言特有的語氣詞的用法,如“嘍、么”等。 第五部分主要描寫了其他助詞的使用情況。比況助詞“樣”、“哩樣”與“跟/給[k(?)24]”結(jié)合使用,組成固定格式“AP/VP+哩+跟/給[k(?)24]……哩樣”相當于普通話中的“像……似的”。表概數(shù)助詞“把”用在助詞“個”或“越”后面,表時間的長短或程度的加深�！靶痹谟碇莘窖灾凶髦~,表動作發(fā)生在過去的某個時間點或時間段,意思為“曾經(jīng)……的時候”。還有其它助詞,像“來和多”、“給”、“連”的用法和方言助詞“些”、“嘍”、“也中”、“妥了”的用法。 本文通過對禹州方言中的助詞在語法層面上進行系統(tǒng)地描寫,對禹州方言中的“結(jié)構(gòu)助詞”、“動態(tài)助詞”、“復(fù)數(shù)助詞”、“比況助詞”和其他助詞及其相關(guān)格式進行分析。通過對普通話進行直接的比較,表現(xiàn)出禹州方言助詞用法的特殊性。
[Abstract]:Yuzhou dialect belongs to the northern part of Southern Shandong . Previous studies of Yuzhou dialect have very little grammar . In this paper , a systematic study of the auxiliary words in Yuzhou dialect is carried out on the basis of the investigation and collection of a lot of corpus , and the whole text is divided into six parts :

The introduction part mainly introduces the research situation of the humanities , geography and dialect of Yuzhou dialect , and expounds the purpose and significance of the study of Yuzhou dialect .

The first part mainly describes the structure - assisted words " mile " and the fixed format of " mile " in some Putonghua . " mile " in the sentence displays the relationship between the " mile " and the middle , and also can form a " mile " phrase . In the " mile " character fixed format , " A mile B mile " format meaning is equivalent to " another . " and " no matter . " , also " A ah A mile " , table action continuous state format usage .

The second part mainly discusses the fixed structure of the dynamic auxiliary words " works " , " 1 " , " 2 " " over " and some dialect features .

In the third part , the author analyses the meaning and the usage of the dialect words in the dialect of Yuzhou dialect . In addition , the meaning and the usage of the dialect words in the dialect of Yuzhou dialect are discussed . In addition , the meaning and the usage of the dialect words are discussed by the extension of " several " i ( ? ) i ( ? ) 24 " .

The fourth part discusses the use of the words " mile " and other words . " mile " is in addition to the structural help . It is equivalent to the use of words " and " in Mandarin . When " mile " usage is equivalent to " in Mandarin " , " mile " must be added after a small sentence . When " mile " usage is equivalent to the word " , " the " mile " after a small sentence may not be added . In addition , it discusses the usage of other dialect - specific words , such as " hello , " , etc .

The fifth part mainly describes the use of other words . For example , the words " sample " , " mileage " and " follow - up / administration " are used together to form a fixed format " AP / VP + mile + and / or " 24 kilometers . " The table is used in Yuzhou dialect . The table movement takes place in the past certain time or time period , meaning " once . " . There are other words , like " Come and do " , " give " , " Lian " usage and dialect words " some " , " hello " , " also " , " tall " usage .

This paper makes a systematic description of the auxiliary words in Yuzhou dialect at the grammatical level , and analyses the structure - aid words , the dynamic auxiliary words , the complex auxiliary words , the " specific auxiliary words " and the other auxiliary words in the Yuzhou dialect and their related formats . Through direct comparison of Putonghua , this paper shows the particularity of the usage of Yuzhou dialect .

【學位授予單位】：廣西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H17

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