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  本文選題：普通名詞　切入點：人名　出處：《上海外國語大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：專有名詞，作為幾乎任何一種語言中的一個類別，是心理詞匯的重要組成部分,在很多方面與普通名詞都有明顯的區(qū)別。在形態(tài)句法方面，專有名詞前面一般沒有冠詞，也沒有形態(tài)上的曲折變化；從語義角度來看，專有名詞只有例指稱，而不像普通名詞那樣具有類別指稱；從音系學(xué)上來看，至少對英語的研究表明專有名詞和普通名詞的韻律模式不一樣；而從心理語言學(xué)的角度來看，“詞在唇邊現(xiàn)象”中提取失敗的主要還是專有名詞；神經(jīng)電生理學(xué)上的實驗表明比起普通名詞，專有名詞能誘發(fā)更多的N1和P2電位。 為了探究專有名詞是否在語音上也具有其自身的特色，我們設(shè)計了兩個實驗。我們假設(shè)人名在語音上具有不同于普通名詞的自身特點，那么作為聽者應(yīng)該能從語句中（不知其意義的語流中）將其辨別出來。第一個實驗中的被試為不懂一點瑞典語（或與瑞典語很相似的語言）的中國人，刺激物是35句瑞典語，，每句話中的人名和普通名詞的音節(jié)長短基本相似，人名和普通名詞被分別設(shè)置在主語或賓語的位置，目的是讓被試者看，或者邊看邊聽瑞典語，從兩個名詞中選出他們所認(rèn)為的瑞典人名。第二個實驗的被試是不懂中文的瑞典人，刺激物為60句中文，實驗過程和第一個實驗相同。 兩個實驗的結(jié)果表明：1)人名可能具有不同于普通名詞的語音特點；2)人名語音上的這個特點和其所在句中的位置具有相關(guān)性；3)被試者傾向于認(rèn)為句子的主語位置即為人名，這與現(xiàn)存的語料中人名出現(xiàn)在主語上的概率相符。
[Abstract]:Proper nouns, as a category in almost any language, are an important part of mental vocabulary and are distinct from common nouns in many respects. In terms of morphology and syntax, proper nouns generally do not have articles before them. From a semantic point of view, proper nouns have only examples of references, not category references as common nouns; from the perspective of phonology, From the perspective of psycholinguistics, the main failure of word extraction from the perspective of psycholinguistics is the proper noun, at least in English, which shows that proper nouns and common nouns have different prosodic patterns, and from the perspective of psycholinguistics, it is the proper nouns that fail to extract words from lips. Neuroelectrophysiological experiments have shown that proper nouns induce more N1 and P2 potentials than common nouns. In order to find out whether proper nouns have their own characteristics in pronunciation, we designed two experiments. Well, as listeners, they should be able to distinguish them from the sentence (a stream of words that do not know its meaning). In the first experiment, the subjects were Chinese who did not know a little Swedish (or a language very similar to Swedish), and the stimulus was 35 Swedish. The syllable length of each sentence is similar to that of a common noun. The person's name and the common noun are placed in the position of subject or object, respectively, in order for the subject to see, or to listen to Swedish while watching. The subjects of the second experiment were Swedes who did not understand Chinese, and the stimulant was 60 sentences in Chinese. The process of the experiment was the same as the first one. The results of two experiments show that: 1) A person's name may have a phonetic characteristic different from a common noun.) the phonetic feature of a person's name is related to the position in the sentence. (3) the subjects tend to think that the subject position of the sentence is the person's name. This is consistent with the probability that the names appear on the subject in the existing corpus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H04

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本文編號：1679197