本文選題：還要　切入點：短語　出處：《南昌大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代漢語中“還要”有短語和副詞兩種用法。據(jù)查,在相關現(xiàn)代漢語詞典里,均未收錄“還要”作副詞的用法,但是根據(jù)語言事實觀察與分析,我們認為在“比”字句中,“還要”已經具有了副詞的功能。 本文首先從共時的角度描寫了“還要”分別作短語和副詞的語言事實,副詞“還要”僅出現(xiàn)在“比”字句里。通過從句法、語義和語用三個平面的描寫,分析了“還要”作為短語與作為副詞的兩種用法的特點及及其本質差異。 其次,我們還從歷時的角度對“還要”的詞匯化進行了分析。根據(jù)語料分析,在六朝時期,“還要”最初用作動賓短語,隋唐出現(xiàn)了狀心短語的用法。明朝時,“還要”首次出現(xiàn)于“比”字句中,短語開始向副詞虛化。到清朝,“還要”已經發(fā)展為一個副詞,其語法功能與現(xiàn)代漢語中該詞作為副詞的用法已基本一致。“還要”詞匯化過程中有三個重要的語義虛化點,即主觀性、未來義和程度加深義的表述�！斑�要”向副詞虛化是發(fā)生在“比”字句里,其中句法位置和句法功能的改變,為副詞化提供了條件。語義虛化和句法環(huán)境,是促使“還要”發(fā)生詞匯化的兩個重要因素。盡管現(xiàn)代漢語中“還要”作為副詞的地位弱小,但是它確實已經發(fā)生了詞匯化現(xiàn)象,其句法、語義與語用方面都與其作為短語有本質的不同。
[Abstract]:There are two uses of phrase and adverb in modern Chinese. According to the results, none of them are included as adverbs in relevant modern Chinese dictionaries, but they are observed and analyzed according to the linguistic facts. We think that in the word "Bei", "also" already has the function of adverb. This paper first describes the linguistic facts that "also" is used as phrases and adverbs respectively from a synchronic point of view, and the adverb "also" appears only in the word "Bi". This paper analyzes the characteristics and essential differences between the two usages of "also" as phrases and adverbs. Secondly, we also analyze the lexicalization of "also" from a diachronic point of view. According to the corpus analysis, in the six dynasties, "also" was originally used as a verb-object phrase. In the Ming Dynasty, "also" appeared for the first time in the word "Bi", and the phrase began to be empty to the adverb. By the Qing Dynasty, "also" had developed into an adverb. Its grammatical function is basically consistent with the use of the word as an adverb in modern Chinese. There are three important semantic nihilization points in the process of lexicalization, namely subjectivity. The expression of the future meaning and the degree of deepening the meaning. "also" to the adverb vacuity occurs in the "Bi" sentence, in which the change of syntactic position and syntactic function provides the condition for adverb transformation, and the semantic nihilization and syntactic environment, It is two important factors that promote the lexicalization of "also". Although the status of "also" as an adverb in modern Chinese is weak, it has indeed occurred the phenomenon of lexicalization, its syntax, Semantics and pragmatics are essentially different from phrases.
【學位授予單位】：南昌大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146

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本文編號：1623614