本文關鍵詞： 差比結構 英朝對比 比較點 形容詞　出處：《延邊大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：比較是一種人類認識世界的基本方法,也是人類認知過程中形成的思維模式。英朝語言中都存在表達“比較”概念的結構,差比結構是其中之一�！安畋取笔侵竷蓚�或兩個以上的事物在性質(zhì)、數(shù)量、屬性特征上存在的不同,其構成要素主要包括比較主體(NP1)、比較客體(NP2)、比較詞(CM)、比較點(NP3)、比較值(AP/NP)。根據(jù)洪堡特提出的語言類型,英朝分別屬于屈折語和黏著語,因此英朝差比結構在句法結構上存在許多異同。本文通過句法、語義層面上的對比,分析出英朝差比結構在句法結構上的共性與個性特征,進而解釋其原因。 本文首先從結構層面對英朝差比結構進行下位分類。在此基礎上,分析了英朝差比結構內(nèi)部構成要素間的句法位置關系,包括NP1與CM、NP2與CM、AP/NP與CM、AP/NP與NP1/NP2的位置關系。其次,對英朝差比結構的構成要素進行了句法制約關系對比,分析出NP1/NP2與NP3之間的制約關系存在差異,即英語差比結構中NP3為隱性、朝鮮語呈顯性、隱性兩種特征。最后,對比了英朝差比結構比較詞的句法屬性,進而證明了比較詞屬性的不同是導致英朝差比結構構成要素在句法位置關系上存在差異的原因。 從語義層面上,本文分析了英朝差比結構中比較值成分的語義特征,并對英朝差比結構中比較項與比較點、比較值與比較點之間的語義關系進行了對比。其結果為：當比較值為副詞和名詞時,英朝差比結構比較點的實現(xiàn)方式均為隱性；當比較值為形容詞時,英語比較點實現(xiàn)方式為隱性、朝鮮語則呈現(xiàn)顯性、隱性兩種特征。 為了進一步對上述結論進行深入解釋,本文分析了英朝差比結構中形容詞的語義特征,探析了英朝形容詞的本質(zhì)屬性。得出結論：1)宏觀上,形容詞的語義所指不明確,需要依附于實體詞來實現(xiàn)其功能；2)微觀上,英朝狀態(tài)類形容詞的語義特征相同；而英朝性質(zhì)類形容詞的語義特征存在差異。
[Abstract]:Comparison is a basic way for human beings to understand the world, and it is also a mode of thinking formed in the process of human cognition. There is a structure to express the concept of "comparison" in both English and Korean languages. Difference ratio structure is one of them. "difference ratio" refers to the difference in nature, quantity, and attribute characteristics of two or more things. Its constituent elements mainly include the comparative subject, the comparative object, the comparative object, the comparative word, the comparative word, the comparative word, the comparative point, the comparative value, and the comparative value. According to the language types proposed by Hongbaut, Britain and Korea belong to flexion and adhesion, respectively. Therefore, there are many similarities and differences in the syntactic structure of the ratio structure. Through the comparison of syntax and semantic level, this paper analyzes the commonness and individuality of the structure, and then explains the reasons. On the basis of this, this paper analyzes the syntactic position relationship among the components of the ratio structure, including the position relationship between NP1 and CMN P / NP and CMN APP / NP and NP1/NP2. This paper contrasts the syntactic restriction relation between NP1/NP2 and NP3, and analyzes the difference between NP3 and NP3, that is, NP3 is recessive, Korean is dominant and recessive. This paper compares the syntactic attributes of the comparative words of the ratio of English to difference and proves that the difference of the attributes of the comparative words is the reason of the differences in the syntactic position relationship between the elements of the structure of the ratio of English to the difference of the difference of English and the difference of structure. From the semantic level, this paper analyzes the semantic characteristics of the comparative value components in the British difference ratio structure, and compares the comparative terms and the comparison points in the British difference ratio structure. The results show that when the comparative value is an adverb or a noun, the way to implement the comparative point of comparison is recessive, and when the comparative value is an adjective, the comparative value of the comparative value is adjective, and when the comparative value is an adverb or a noun, the way to implement the comparative point is recessive. The way of English comparison is recessive, Korean has two characteristics: dominant and recessive. In order to further explain the above conclusions, this paper analyzes the semantic characteristics of adjectives in the British-Korean difference ratio structure, probes into the essential attributes of the adjectives in the British and Korean dynasties, and draws a conclusion that the semantic meanings of adjectives are not clear from the macro point of view. On the microscopic level, the semantic characteristics of the English and Korean state adjectives are the same, while the semantic characteristics of the English and Korean nature adjectives are different.
【學位授予單位】：延邊大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H04

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