本文關(guān)鍵詞： 老新聞 構(gòu)詞法 詞形變化 詞義變化　出處：《河北大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：《老新聞—民國舊事（1912-1928）》的語言時(shí)期歸屬于“五·四”前后。研究“五·四”前后時(shí)期的詞匯，對于做好現(xiàn)代漢語的推源工作具有十分重要的作用。本文的主要內(nèi)容是《老新聞—民國舊事》詞匯的構(gòu)詞法特點(diǎn)、詞形特點(diǎn)以及詞義發(fā)展變化的特點(diǎn)。以下簡稱《老新聞》。本文比較有價(jià)值的發(fā)現(xiàn)和主要結(jié)論是： 1.在構(gòu)詞法方面，詞綴化傾向明顯，“非”、“反”等有了前綴化傾向，“師”、“家”等有了后綴化傾向；短語的詞匯化，主要體現(xiàn)為名詞作形附固著在中心詞上的、動(dòng)詞作形附固著在中心詞上的和形容詞附固著在中心詞上的三類。詞語簡縮的格式多樣化，主要包括八類，其中前七類為現(xiàn)代漢語中常用的，第八類并列詞組的簡縮。 2.詞形的特點(diǎn)是有大量的異形詞、同素逆序詞和異素同義詞。關(guān)于異形詞，，我們根據(jù)異形成分性質(zhì)的不同，把異形詞分成兩類：同素異形詞和異素異形詞。其中，同素異形詞,根據(jù)異形成分用字的不同這類詞又可分為通假字異形詞、異體字異形詞兩種類型。異素異形詞,根據(jù)異形成分語義的不同，又可分為近義語素異形詞、相關(guān)語素異形詞、異義語素異形詞三種。關(guān)于同素逆序詞，我們主要是按其詞義、詞性和結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分類舉例說明，同時(shí)考察其在現(xiàn)代漢語普通話里的使用情況。關(guān)于異素同義詞，我們主要是列舉說明。 3.詞義變化特點(diǎn)，主要體現(xiàn)在詞的一個(gè)意義和一個(gè)詞的意義上。其中一個(gè)詞的意義的變化情況本文主要分析論述了義項(xiàng)的增多、義項(xiàng)的減少兩大類。而詞的一個(gè)意義的變化情況主要分析論述詞義的豐富和深化、詞義縮小和詞義的轉(zhuǎn)移三類。 本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)主要是：本文是一篇首次對《老新聞》進(jìn)行斷代詞匯研究的論文。首先，本文通過對《老新聞》材料的梳理，并對其詞匯系統(tǒng)分詞分類統(tǒng)計(jì)，得到了一份翔實(shí)的處于近、現(xiàn)代過渡時(shí)期斷代的漢語詞匯分類表。其次，本文對其詞匯系統(tǒng)不僅僅注重共時(shí)的靜態(tài)描寫，而且更注重歷時(shí)的描寫，做到把兩者有機(jī)的結(jié)合起來。最后，本文對異形詞、同素逆序詞以及有詞義變化的詞進(jìn)行了大量的舉例，以便為整個(gè)現(xiàn)代漢語史的研究提供很好的例證。
[Abstract]:The language period belongs to the period around "May 4th". The vocabulary of the period before and after "May 4th" is studied. The main content of this paper is the word-formation characteristics of the words "Old News-the Republic of China". The characteristics of lexical form and the development and change of word meaning. The following is referred to as "Old News". The valuable findings and main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. In the aspect of word-formation, the tendency of affixing is obvious, such as "no" and "anti-" have the tendency of prefix," teacher "and" family "have the tendency of suffix; The lexicalization of phrases is mainly embodied in the three categories of nouns attached to the central words, verbs attached to the central words and adjectives attached to the central words. It mainly includes eight categories, the first seven categories are common in modern Chinese, and the paratactic phrases of 8th classes are abbreviated. 2. The specialties of lexical form are that there are a large number of heteromorphic words, synonyms and converse words. As for heteromorphic words, we differ according to the nature of the heteromorphic elements. There are two kinds of heteromorphous words: the homomorphic words and the heteromorphous words, among which, the metamorphic words can be divided into two types according to the different characters used by the heteromorphic elements. There are two types of heteromorphic words. According to the semantic differences of heteromorphic words, they can be divided into three types: synonymous morphemes, related morphemes, and heteronyms. We mainly classify and illustrate it according to its meaning, part of speech and structure, at the same time, we examine its use in modern Chinese mandarin. As for the synonyms of heteronyms, we mainly enumerate and illustrate them. 3. The change of word meaning is mainly reflected in the meaning of a word and the meaning of a word. The change of meaning of one of the words is mainly analyzed and discussed in this paper. The change of one meaning of a word is mainly about the enrichment and deepening of word meaning, the narrowing of word meaning and the transfer of word meaning. The innovation of this paper is as follows: this paper is the first time to study the old news. Firstly, this paper combs the materials of the old news and classifies the words in the lexical system. Obtained a full and modern transitional period of Chinese vocabulary classification table. Secondly, this paper not only pays attention to the synchronic static description, but also pays more attention to the diachronic description. Finally, this paper gives a large number of examples of the heteromorphic words, the same morpheme reverse order words and the words with word meaning change, in order to provide a good example for the study of the whole history of modern Chinese.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H136

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本文編號(hào)：1464507