恩施文昌祠的雕刻藝術(shù)研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-25 12:27
【摘要】：論文以恩施文昌祠為研究對象,重點研究了文昌祠的雕刻藝術(shù)。論文結(jié)合恩施古城的自然地理環(huán)境和歷史演變過程,探析文昌祠的空間布局與當?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)民居的聯(lián)系,并在此基礎(chǔ)上著重考察分析文昌祠內(nèi)的牌坊,石雕,木雕等雕刻作品的形制特點及其表達的審美內(nèi)涵,從而達到人們對當?shù)貧v史文化遺產(chǎn)的保護和傳承。 全文首先介紹文昌祠的歷史演變過程。文昌祠源于明代,興盛于清代,最初為讀書人祭祀文昌帝君之所,而后文人匯集于此,此地逐漸成為文化中心,是恩施文化興盛、繁榮的標志。全文分析了文昌祠建筑空間布局的特點。建筑結(jié)構(gòu)是典型的木框架結(jié)構(gòu)。建筑布局上坐北朝南,“負陰抱陽”,體現(xiàn)了傳統(tǒng)“風(fēng)水”的營造理念。特別是介紹了文昌祠內(nèi)的牌坊,石雕,木雕等雕刻藝術(shù)。集中體現(xiàn)了工匠們精巧的構(gòu)思,細膩的技巧,雕刻手法多種多樣,除了雕刻工藝,還融合了書法、繪畫等其他傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)。石雕裝飾風(fēng)格迥異,放刀直取,不拘常規(guī),工匠將中國傳統(tǒng)繪畫的線性元素融入到雕刻中,提煉形體、歸納形體、表現(xiàn)形體,使形體顯得更加樸質(zhì)。木雕作品因材施技,以合適的木料表現(xiàn)多樣的雕刻形式,將材質(zhì)對主題的表現(xiàn)塑造得美輪美奐,既有儒道佛文化的神韻,也具市井文化的精神。最后研究文昌祠的審美特征,其建筑美感既有外部美又有內(nèi)在美。文昌祠建筑的平面布局既沿襲傳統(tǒng)建筑的風(fēng)格又蘊含民族特征,體現(xiàn)了漢族和土家族文化的融會貫通。文昌祠的雕刻作品,充分表達出獨有的和諧之美、淳樸之美、形體之美以及精神之美。自然和諧之美,不僅僅是有美學(xué)層面的價值,更是樸素、自然、和諧的哲學(xué)思想的反映。純真質(zhì)樸之美,即雕刻藝術(shù)的創(chuàng)作動力是源自民眾的自我意識和愿望,由自身生活的需要,自覺性展開。而結(jié)構(gòu)形式之美,是工匠因材施藝,追求大刀闊斧的拙情,亦包涵精雕細琢的才情,保留雕刻作品自身的氣勢與神韻。精神內(nèi)涵之美,是指雕刻作品寄托了民眾的幻想、理想和信仰。 文昌祠的雕刻藝術(shù),具有厚重深刻的歷史文化,獨具魅力的地域文化,既是恩施歷史發(fā)展的見證者,也是恩施民間雕刻藝術(shù)的濃縮,同時也是土家族文化的載體和標志。其蘊含的歷史、藝術(shù)、精神文化需要珍視、保護和繼承。
[Abstract]:Taking Enshi Wenchang Temple as the research object, this paper focuses on the carving art of Wenchang Temple. Combining with the natural geographical environment and historical evolution of Enshi ancient city, this paper analyzes the relationship between the spatial layout of Wenchang Temple and local traditional dwellings, and on this basis, focuses on the investigation and analysis of the arches and stone sculptures in Wenchang Temple. In order to protect and inherit the local historical and cultural heritage, the forms and features of wood carving and other sculptures and their aesthetic connotation are expressed. This paper first introduces the historical evolution of Wenchang Temple. The Wenchang Temple originated in the Ming Dynasty and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. It was originally a place for readers to sacrifice the emperor Wenchang, and then the literati gathered here. This place gradually became a cultural center and a symbol of the prosperity and prosperity of Enshi culture. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the architectural space layout of Wenchang Temple. The building structure is a typical wooden frame structure. The architectural layout of the north and south, "negative Yin hugged Yang", reflects the traditional "feng shui" concept of construction. In particular, the Wenchang Temple in the archery, stone carving, wood carving and other carving art. It embodies the craftsmen's ingenious ideas, delicate skills, various carving techniques, in addition to carving techniques, but also combined calligraphy, painting and other traditional art. Stone carving adornment style is very different, put the knife straight, regardless of conventional, craftsman will Chinese traditional painting linear elements into carving, refine the form, induce the form, show the form, make the form appear more simple. Wood carving works according to their skills, with suitable wood to show a variety of engraving forms, the material of the theme of the performance of beautiful, not only the charm of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism culture, but also has the spirit of market culture. Finally, the aesthetic characteristics of Wenchang Temple are studied, its architectural beauty has both external beauty and internal beauty. The plane layout of Wenchang Temple not only follows the style of traditional architecture but also contains the national characteristics, which reflects the integration of Han and Tujia cultures. The engraving works of Wenchang Temple fully express the unique beauty of harmony, simplicity, form and spirit. The beauty of natural harmony is not only the aesthetic value, but also the reflection of the simple, natural and harmonious philosophical thought. The pure and simple beauty, that is, the creation motive force of sculpture art is derived from the self-consciousness and desire of the people, from the needs of their own life, self-conscious unfolding. And the beauty of the structure form, is the craftsman according to the aptitude, pursues the bold and bold feeling, also contains the fine-cut talent, preserves the engraving work's own momentum and the charm. The beauty of spiritual connotation refers to the engraving works which conjure up the people's fantasies, ideals and beliefs. The carving art of Wenchang Temple is not only the witness of Enshi's historical development, but also the enrichment of Enshi's folk carving art, as well as the carrier and symbol of Tujia culture. Its history, art, spirit and culture need to be cherished, protected and inherited.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：J305
本文編號：2446980
[Abstract]:Taking Enshi Wenchang Temple as the research object, this paper focuses on the carving art of Wenchang Temple. Combining with the natural geographical environment and historical evolution of Enshi ancient city, this paper analyzes the relationship between the spatial layout of Wenchang Temple and local traditional dwellings, and on this basis, focuses on the investigation and analysis of the arches and stone sculptures in Wenchang Temple. In order to protect and inherit the local historical and cultural heritage, the forms and features of wood carving and other sculptures and their aesthetic connotation are expressed. This paper first introduces the historical evolution of Wenchang Temple. The Wenchang Temple originated in the Ming Dynasty and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. It was originally a place for readers to sacrifice the emperor Wenchang, and then the literati gathered here. This place gradually became a cultural center and a symbol of the prosperity and prosperity of Enshi culture. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the architectural space layout of Wenchang Temple. The building structure is a typical wooden frame structure. The architectural layout of the north and south, "negative Yin hugged Yang", reflects the traditional "feng shui" concept of construction. In particular, the Wenchang Temple in the archery, stone carving, wood carving and other carving art. It embodies the craftsmen's ingenious ideas, delicate skills, various carving techniques, in addition to carving techniques, but also combined calligraphy, painting and other traditional art. Stone carving adornment style is very different, put the knife straight, regardless of conventional, craftsman will Chinese traditional painting linear elements into carving, refine the form, induce the form, show the form, make the form appear more simple. Wood carving works according to their skills, with suitable wood to show a variety of engraving forms, the material of the theme of the performance of beautiful, not only the charm of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism culture, but also has the spirit of market culture. Finally, the aesthetic characteristics of Wenchang Temple are studied, its architectural beauty has both external beauty and internal beauty. The plane layout of Wenchang Temple not only follows the style of traditional architecture but also contains the national characteristics, which reflects the integration of Han and Tujia cultures. The engraving works of Wenchang Temple fully express the unique beauty of harmony, simplicity, form and spirit. The beauty of natural harmony is not only the aesthetic value, but also the reflection of the simple, natural and harmonious philosophical thought. The pure and simple beauty, that is, the creation motive force of sculpture art is derived from the self-consciousness and desire of the people, from the needs of their own life, self-conscious unfolding. And the beauty of the structure form, is the craftsman according to the aptitude, pursues the bold and bold feeling, also contains the fine-cut talent, preserves the engraving work's own momentum and the charm. The beauty of spiritual connotation refers to the engraving works which conjure up the people's fantasies, ideals and beliefs. The carving art of Wenchang Temple is not only the witness of Enshi's historical development, but also the enrichment of Enshi's folk carving art, as well as the carrier and symbol of Tujia culture. Its history, art, spirit and culture need to be cherished, protected and inherited.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：J305
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