美國“真理喜劇”的文化研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-05 13:35
【摘要】：“真理喜劇”是上世紀(jì)九十年代末興起于歐美電視界的情景喜劇分支類型�，F(xiàn)在,它與多機(jī)拍攝的傳統(tǒng)室內(nèi)情景喜劇、單機(jī)拍攝的多場景情景喜劇一起,構(gòu)成了歐美情景喜劇的三大樣式。由于“真理喜劇”在當(dāng)下電視類型的橫向混雜發(fā)展趨勢中具有代表性,再加之它與表演/真實(shí)這一現(xiàn)代社會(huì)文化核心的密切勾連,為我們理解后現(xiàn)代語境下,電視類型是如何演進(jìn),如何與諸文化因素發(fā)生關(guān)系,如何重塑受眾對媒介以及現(xiàn)代生活的認(rèn)識(shí),提供了理想案例。 本文采用話語類型觀對“真理喜劇”進(jìn)行研究。將“真理喜劇”這種類型創(chuàng)新不僅視為結(jié)果,而且視為進(jìn)程,不僅視為經(jīng)驗(yàn),而且視為實(shí)踐。以類型發(fā)展的文化進(jìn)程為研究基礎(chǔ),通過對大量與類型相關(guān)的話語事件及其之間配置關(guān)系的正確描述來統(tǒng)觀“真理喜劇”這一類型創(chuàng)新的源流、進(jìn)程以及走向趨勢,梳理了美國真理喜劇的話語譜系。繼而,筆者又從“真理喜劇”文本特征、表演風(fēng)格、文化價(jià)值這三個(gè)層面具體探討了“真理喜劇”的類型特征與文化因素之間相互作用的動(dòng)態(tài)關(guān)聯(lián)。 從文本特征上看,“真理喜劇”是充斥著裂隙的“生產(chǎn)者式”文本。文本裂隙,于文本的靜態(tài)層面而言,體現(xiàn)為戲仿的矛盾性、互文召喚性以及多重意義的并呈；于實(shí)踐的動(dòng)態(tài)層面而言,體現(xiàn)在戲仿的參與、互文解讀行為以及多元意義的生產(chǎn)�！罢胬硐矂 毕矂⌒缘陌l(fā)揮依賴于觀眾具有探索性和抵抗性的觀察式閱讀,觀眾通過這種閱讀方式所獲的也是超越順從意味的大眾快感。 .“真理喜劇”的表演區(qū)別于傳統(tǒng)情景喜劇,具有明顯的鏡頭在場意識(shí)與“即興”風(fēng)格特征。演員與角色之間時(shí)而合一,時(shí)而間離的動(dòng)態(tài)關(guān)系使得文本在真實(shí)與虛構(gòu)之間游移,觀眾在對這種游離關(guān)系的辨識(shí)與判斷的過程中獲得快感,同時(shí)生產(chǎn)出多樣化的文本意義。 從價(jià)值層面思考,“真理喜劇”從內(nèi)容到形式上都契合了當(dāng)下懷疑主義的文化心理,解構(gòu)了媒介的權(quán)威性與合法性,揭示了媒介以及當(dāng)代社會(huì)的表演性。同時(shí),“真理喜劇”也對“大眾式”的抵抗行為進(jìn)行了反思,肯定了解構(gòu)行為的進(jìn)步性,但對其徹底的顛覆、解放功能持保留態(tài)度。這也是對“真理喜劇”媒介產(chǎn)品的屬性與解構(gòu)媒介姿態(tài)之間所存在矛盾的自反式思考。 總之,“真理喜劇”的類型樣式革新體現(xiàn)出對表演與真實(shí)的關(guān)系這一核心文化命題的關(guān)注,打通了文本與人日常生活的隔�！罢胬硐矂 庇陬}材內(nèi)容和類型樣式上對現(xiàn)代人文化心理的雙重呼應(yīng),也正是對于我國情景喜劇發(fā)展的最大啟發(fā)。
[Abstract]:Truth comedy is a kind of sitcom branch that rose in European and American television in the late 1990's. Now, it is combined with traditional indoor sitcoms and multi-scene sitcoms, which constitute the three styles of European and American sitcoms. Because "Truth Comedy" is representative in the development trend of the transversely mixed development of the current TV type, coupled with its close connection with the core of modern social culture, performance / reality, we can understand the post-modern context. How the TV type evolves, how to relate to various cultural factors, how to reshape the audience's understanding of the media and modern life, provides an ideal case. This paper studies Truth Comedy by using the discourse type view. This type of innovation is regarded not only as a result, but also as a process, not only as experience, but also as practice. On the basis of the cultural process of type development, through the correct description of a large number of discourse events related to type and the relationship between them, the source, process and trend of the innovation of "truth comedy" are discussed. Combing the American truth comedy discourse pedigree. Then, the author probes into the dynamic relationship between the types of "truth comedy" and the cultural factors from three aspects: text characteristics, acting style and cultural value. In terms of textual features, Truth Comedy is a producer text full of cracks. The text fissure, in the static aspect of the text, is embodied in the contradiction of parody, the intertextuality of calling and the multi-meaning and presentation; in the dynamic aspect of practice, it is embodied in the participation of parody, the interpretation of intertextuality and the production of multiple meanings. The comedy of truth depends on the exploratory and resistant observational reading of the audience, through which the audience acquires the public pleasure beyond the submissive meaning. . The performance of Truth Comedy is different from that of traditional sitcoms and has the characteristics of scene consciousness and improvisation. The dynamic relationship between actors and characters sometimes makes the text move between truth and fiction. The audience obtains pleasure in the process of identifying and judging this kind of dissociated relationship and produces a variety of textual meanings at the same time. Considering from the value level, "Truth Comedy" accords with the cultural psychology of current skepticism in terms of content and form, deconstructs the authority and legitimacy of the media, and reveals the performance of the media and the contemporary society. At the same time, "Truth Comedy" also reflects on the resistance of "mass", affirms the progressive nature of deconstruction, but has reservations about its subversion and liberation function. This is also a reflexive reflection on the contradiction between the attributes of media products and the deconstruction of media postures. In a word, the innovation of the style of "Truth Comedy" reflects the concern of the core cultural proposition of the relationship between performance and reality, and clears the gap between the text and people's daily life. "Truth Comedy" echoes the cultural psychology of modern people in terms of content and type of subject matter, and it is also the greatest inspiration for the development of sitcoms in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：J905
本文編號(hào)：2253586
[Abstract]:Truth comedy is a kind of sitcom branch that rose in European and American television in the late 1990's. Now, it is combined with traditional indoor sitcoms and multi-scene sitcoms, which constitute the three styles of European and American sitcoms. Because "Truth Comedy" is representative in the development trend of the transversely mixed development of the current TV type, coupled with its close connection with the core of modern social culture, performance / reality, we can understand the post-modern context. How the TV type evolves, how to relate to various cultural factors, how to reshape the audience's understanding of the media and modern life, provides an ideal case. This paper studies Truth Comedy by using the discourse type view. This type of innovation is regarded not only as a result, but also as a process, not only as experience, but also as practice. On the basis of the cultural process of type development, through the correct description of a large number of discourse events related to type and the relationship between them, the source, process and trend of the innovation of "truth comedy" are discussed. Combing the American truth comedy discourse pedigree. Then, the author probes into the dynamic relationship between the types of "truth comedy" and the cultural factors from three aspects: text characteristics, acting style and cultural value. In terms of textual features, Truth Comedy is a producer text full of cracks. The text fissure, in the static aspect of the text, is embodied in the contradiction of parody, the intertextuality of calling and the multi-meaning and presentation; in the dynamic aspect of practice, it is embodied in the participation of parody, the interpretation of intertextuality and the production of multiple meanings. The comedy of truth depends on the exploratory and resistant observational reading of the audience, through which the audience acquires the public pleasure beyond the submissive meaning. . The performance of Truth Comedy is different from that of traditional sitcoms and has the characteristics of scene consciousness and improvisation. The dynamic relationship between actors and characters sometimes makes the text move between truth and fiction. The audience obtains pleasure in the process of identifying and judging this kind of dissociated relationship and produces a variety of textual meanings at the same time. Considering from the value level, "Truth Comedy" accords with the cultural psychology of current skepticism in terms of content and form, deconstructs the authority and legitimacy of the media, and reveals the performance of the media and the contemporary society. At the same time, "Truth Comedy" also reflects on the resistance of "mass", affirms the progressive nature of deconstruction, but has reservations about its subversion and liberation function. This is also a reflexive reflection on the contradiction between the attributes of media products and the deconstruction of media postures. In a word, the innovation of the style of "Truth Comedy" reflects the concern of the core cultural proposition of the relationship between performance and reality, and clears the gap between the text and people's daily life. "Truth Comedy" echoes the cultural psychology of modern people in terms of content and type of subject matter, and it is also the greatest inspiration for the development of sitcoms in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：J905
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
1 李悅;;用謊言訴說真相——偽紀(jì)錄片敘事主題與敘事策略初探[J];中國電視(紀(jì)錄);2011年12期
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3 張曉君;挑戰(zhàn)傳統(tǒng)喜劇樣式——簡析英國電視劇《辦公室》[J];中國電視;2005年05期
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