【摘要】：幽默無處不在,是一個(gè)經(jīng)久不衰的研究課題,長(zhǎng)期以來吸引著學(xué)術(shù)界的關(guān)注。關(guān)于幽默最早的研究始于公元前四世紀(jì)的柏拉圖和亞里士多德。此后,許多學(xué)者從不同領(lǐng)域運(yùn)用不同的方法對(duì)幽默進(jìn)行研究。幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來,幽默的研究有了很大的發(fā)展。在語言學(xué)方面,語義學(xué),句法學(xué)和語用學(xué)方面的研究為幽默提供了更寬的視野和更新的角度。從語用角度對(duì)幽默進(jìn)行的研究很豐富,比如格賴斯的合作原則,奧斯汀的言語行為理論等等。本文選取語用學(xué)中的合作原則作為理論框架研究言語幽默。格萊斯的合作原則理論自提出以來對(duì)語用學(xué)的發(fā)展有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響,因此也成為語用學(xué)研究中的中心議題。雖然很多學(xué)者對(duì)合作原則提出異議,但是相對(duì)而言,對(duì)于分析會(huì)話中幽默效果是如何產(chǎn)生的,合作原則仍然是一種最有效的語用原則。言語幽默是人們?cè)诮涣髦袑?duì)語言的巧妙使用,所以與語境息息相關(guān)。情景喜劇正是在具體的語境當(dāng)中研究幽默的良好素材。情景喜劇誕生于二十世紀(jì)二十年代的美國,發(fā)展至今己成為風(fēng)靡全球的電視娛樂節(jié)目,深受人們的喜愛。本文選取的語料來源于英國情景喜劇《IT狂人》�！禝T狂人》(The IT Crowd)于2006年至2010年間播出,是一部以某公司IT部幾名員工為主角的英國迷你式情景喜劇..曾榮獲英國學(xué)院電視獎(jiǎng)(BAFTA)和國際艾美獎(jiǎng)。本劇自開播以來,得到了英語愛好者和觀眾的廣大好評(píng),也因此成為當(dāng)下流行的情景喜劇之一。筆者選取了劇中出現(xiàn)的言語幽默,運(yùn)用合作原則為理論依據(jù)分析其言語幽默是怎樣通過合作原則的違反來實(shí)現(xiàn)的,得出結(jié)論：違反合作原則是《IT狂人》創(chuàng)造言語幽默的一大手段,并且違反合作原則各準(zhǔn)則的次數(shù)有很大差別,而本劇作者最喜歡用違反質(zhì)量準(zhǔn)則的方式來創(chuàng)造言語幽默。驗(yàn)證了對(duì)合作原則的違反會(huì)導(dǎo)致幽默的產(chǎn)生。作者希望這一發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于人們更好地理解和欣賞《IT狂人》當(dāng)中的言語幽默,更廣泛地利用情景喜劇,并利用合作原則來制造幽默,提高自己的幽默感。同時(shí)也希望能為中國的情景喜劇作家們創(chuàng)作幽默提供借鑒從而創(chuàng)造出更多更好的情景喜劇。
[Abstract]:Humor is ubiquitous, it is an enduring research topic, has long attracted the attention of the academic community. The earliest study of humor began with Plato and Aristotle in the fourth century BC. Since then, many scholars have used different methods to study humor in different fields. Over the centuries, the study of humor has made great progress. In linguistics, semantics, syntax and pragmatics provide a broader perspective and a renewed perspective for humor. There are plenty of pragmatic studies on humor, such as Grice's Cooperative principle, Austin's speech Act Theory and so on. This thesis chooses the cooperative principle in pragmatics as the theoretical framework to study verbal humor. Grice's cooperative principle theory has had a profound influence on the development of pragmatics since it was put forward, so it has become a central topic in pragmatics research. Although many scholars disagree with the principle of cooperation, the principle of cooperation is still the most effective pragmatic principle for the analysis of how the humorous effect in the discourse is produced. Verbal humor is the skillful use of language in communication, so it is closely related to context. Sitcom is a good material for studying humor in specific context. Sitcom, born in America in the 1920s, has become a popular television entertainment program all over the world. The corpus selected in this paper comes from the British sitcom "IT Mad". (The IT Crowd) was broadcast from 2006 to 2010. It is a British mini-sitcom with several employees in IT department of a company as the protagonist. Has won the British College Television Award (BAFTA) and the International Emmy Award. Since its inception, the play has been well received by English lovers and viewers and has become one of the most popular sitcoms. The author chooses the verbal humor which appears in the play, and analyzes how the verbal humor is realized through the violation of the cooperative principle by using the cooperative principle as the theoretical basis. It is concluded that violation of the principle of cooperation is a major means of creating verbal humor in "IT Mad Man", and the number of times of violating the principle of cooperation varies greatly. The author of this play likes to create verbal humor in a way that violates the quality criterion. It is proved that the violation of the principle of cooperation will lead to the production of humor. The author hopes that this discovery will help people better understand and appreciate the verbal humor in "IT Mad Man", make more extensive use of sitcoms, and use the principle of cooperation to create humor and improve their sense of humor. At the same time, I hope to provide some reference for Chinese sitcom writers to create more and better sitcoms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：J905

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