本文關(guān)鍵詞： 倫理 拍攝者 被拍攝者 尊重 傷害　出處：《東北師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：倫理問(wèn)題伴隨著人類(lèi)社會(huì)的發(fā)展，同樣倫理問(wèn)題也存在于紀(jì)錄片的創(chuàng)作中，近年來(lái)，隨著人們對(duì)紀(jì)錄片的關(guān)注，相應(yīng)的倫理問(wèn)題也就更加明顯的體現(xiàn)出來(lái)。而紀(jì)錄片主要是基于拍攝者、被拍攝者和觀眾這三者之間的互動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此本文所要研究的是紀(jì)錄片制作過(guò)程中拍攝者與被拍攝者的倫理關(guān)系問(wèn)題。 本文主要分為五個(gè)部分，分別對(duì)研究背景、道德底線、拍攝者與被拍攝者之間的道德關(guān)系、拍攝者與被拍攝者的權(quán)利意識(shí)和結(jié)論。綜合紀(jì)錄片各類(lèi)拍攝方式中拍攝者與被拍攝者的關(guān)系來(lái)說(shuō)，相互信任是紀(jì)錄片拍攝的前提，創(chuàng)作者在拍攝過(guò)程中不可避免的介入到被拍攝者的生活中，但是尊重事實(shí)真相，盡量減少對(duì)拍攝對(duì)象的干涉是每個(gè)紀(jì)錄片人的責(zé)任和義務(wù)。紀(jì)錄片創(chuàng)作者在制作中要有自己的道德底線，既要保證紀(jì)錄片中的人物更加真實(shí)和客觀，還不能為了真實(shí)而“真實(shí)”。我們關(guān)注人性，我們用紀(jì)錄這種方式來(lái)進(jìn)行自我反思，反思社會(huì)，但我們絕不能以傷害被拍攝者和與其相關(guān)的人為方式來(lái)獲得自己想要的真實(shí)效果。拍攝者一定要尊重拍攝對(duì)象的隱私權(quán)，這是紀(jì)錄片拍攝中最重要的道德問(wèn)題，，因?yàn)榧o(jì)錄片對(duì)拍攝對(duì)象隱私的公開(kāi)對(duì)被拍攝者造成的心理傷害是不可能消除的，紀(jì)錄片制作者要在不侵害隱私、不干涉被侵害者與侵害隱私、干涉被拍攝者之間尋找一個(gè)支點(diǎn)，來(lái)維持兩者的平衡，這樣才能既尊重拍攝對(duì)象的權(quán)利，同時(shí)又能讓觀眾享有知情的權(quán)利，因?yàn)榧o(jì)錄片最好的觀賞狀態(tài)就是受眾一定要與被拍攝者處于相對(duì)的位置，要能與拍攝對(duì)象感同身受。 因此，在紀(jì)錄片拍攝中，我們呼吁人文關(guān)懷，期望制作者尊重拍攝對(duì)象，紀(jì)錄片制作在注重真實(shí)性的同時(shí)，要確保政治方向是正確的，減少對(duì)拍攝對(duì)象的精神和肉體的傷害，同時(shí)減輕對(duì)受眾的視覺(jué)傷害，真正處理好紀(jì)錄片制作者，被拍攝者和觀眾之間的相互關(guān)系，確保紀(jì)錄片的順利拍攝，實(shí)現(xiàn)最終的拍攝目的。
[Abstract]:Along with the development of human society, ethical issues also exist in the creation of documentaries. In recent years, with the attention of people to documentaries, The corresponding ethical issues are also more evident. The documentary is mainly based on the interaction between the filmmaker, the person being filmed and the audience. Therefore, this paper is to study the ethical relationship between the filmmakers and the photographers in the process of documentary making. This paper is divided into five parts: the background of the research, the moral bottom line, the moral relationship between the photographer and the photographer, In terms of the relationship between the filmmakers and the photographers, mutual trust is the premise of documentary shooting. The creator inevitably gets involved in the life of the person being filmed, but respects the truth, It is the responsibility and duty of every documentary person to minimize interference with the subject of filming. Documentary creators should have their own moral bottom line in their production, and they should ensure that the characters in the documentary are more realistic and objective. We can't be "real" for the sake of reality. We focus on human nature. We use the method of recording to reflect on ourselves, to reflect on society, But we must not get the real effect we want by hurting the person we photograph and the people associated with it. The photographer must respect the privacy of the subject, which is the most important moral issue in documentary shooting. Because it is impossible to eliminate the psychological harm caused by the publicity of the privacy of the subject of the documentary. The documentary filmmaker should seek a fulcrum between the non-invasion of privacy, the non-interference with the victim and the invasion of privacy, and the interference with the subject. To maintain the balance between the two, so that we can not only respect the rights of the subject, but also let the audience enjoy the right to know, because the best viewing state of the documentary is that the audience must be in a relative position with the person being filmed. Be able to relate to the subject. Therefore, in documentary shooting, we call for humanistic concern, expect the producer to respect the object of filming, documentary making should pay attention to authenticity, at the same time, to ensure that the political direction is correct, reduce the mental and physical injury to the target. At the same time, it can reduce the visual injury to the audience, deal with the relationship between the documentary makers, the filmmakers and the audience, ensure the smooth shooting of the documentary and achieve the ultimate purpose of shooting.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：J952;B82-05

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