選擇一個(gè)最合適和有效的運(yùn)營(yíng)管理模式對(duì)公司可持續(xù)發(fā)展非常重要，，如控制產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和數(shù)量、減少浪費(fèi)、控制成本、提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量等。因此，不同的公司應(yīng)選擇最適合公司發(fā)展的經(jīng)營(yíng)管理模式。操作管理，我們能找到許多不同的操作管理方式，不同的運(yùn)營(yíng)管理方式有不同的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，選擇不同的操作管理方式是由公司的文化、發(fā)展情況、產(chǎn)品、服務(wù)等因素決定的。

我們都知道豐田是一個(gè)非常著名的日本汽車公司�，F(xiàn)在，這個(gè)品牌汽車已無(wú)處不在，無(wú)論在中國(guó)、美國(guó)或英國(guó)和其他國(guó)家，豐田牌汽車在世界上很受歡迎。在上個(gè)世紀(jì)豐田建立了豐田生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)(TPS)，這個(gè)操作管理系統(tǒng)使豐田成為了世界上最大的汽車制造商。許多學(xué)者和汽車行業(yè)的經(jīng)理們對(duì)豐田成功的秘密很感興趣。通過(guò)5年研究和研究(國(guó)際汽車計(jì)劃)他們發(fā)現(xiàn)豐田成功的秘密，即豐田公司運(yùn)營(yíng)管理系統(tǒng)是“精益生產(chǎn)”。

現(xiàn)在，為了促進(jìn)公司的發(fā)展、提高生產(chǎn)效率，越來(lái)越多的公司開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)精益管理。因?yàn)榫婀芾頃?huì)盡量減少在操作產(chǎn)品的供應(yīng)和服務(wù)上的浪費(fèi)，只在他們需要的時(shí)候提供。也就是說(shuō)精益生產(chǎn)管理是使公司的庫(kù)存為零庫(kù)存，這樣公司會(huì)有更多的資金投資其他業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)，也可以幫助公司減少財(cái)務(wù)壓力、更少的浪費(fèi)等等。

Choose a most suitable and effective operation management is most significant for company sustainable development. Such as control products quality and quantity, reduce waste, control costs, improve products quality and others. Therefore, different company most chooses a most suitable operation management for company growth. For operation managements, we can find many different operation managements, different operation managements have different advantages and disadvantages, choose different operation management is depend on organizational culture, situation, products, service and others.

As we all know Toyota is an extremely famous Japanese automobile company. Nowadays, you can find this brand car in everywhere, whatever in China, United States or United Kingdom and other countries. Toyota’s automobiles are very popular in the world. In Last century Toyota established Toyota production system (TPS). This operation management system make Toyota become the world's largest automaker. Many scholars and automobile organizational managers have interesting for Toyota successful secret. Through their 5 years researched and study (International Motor Vehicle Program) they found Toyota successful secret, they call Toyota operation management system is "Lean production".

Now, more and more organizations started to learning Lean management to promote company's development and improve production efficiency. Because lean management tries to reduce waste in the supply of an operation's products and services and deliver them only when needed. This mean is that lean production management is to keep zero inventory for company, this will lead to company have more capital to invest other business activities, also it can help company reduce financial pressure, less waste and others.

For this essay, it will discuss how to use lean management to operate clothing organization and how to use lean management to improve clothing organization efficiency, reduce waste, control costs, and enhance quality and others. Also, it will analysis and research what can we get from lean management for organizational development. Also we will study how to use lean operation management to satisfy customers’ requirements.

對(duì)服裝企業(yè)的研究和分析——Clothing organization research and analysis

For my own sector is a clothing organization, the organizational main products are fashionable clothes, jeans, shoes and others. As we all know, fashion clothing industry is extremely popular in the world, many clothing organizations produce their products like cloth, jeans and others using mass production. For mass production is produce low variety and more quantity products, but now more and more people like choose different product. Therefore, this production style will easy to waste resource and produce more inventories to raise company's risk. Hence, it is not suitable and effective for company's development. Recently, our clothing organization facing many serious problems, such as high volume of inventories, waste resource, low quality and other. These problems affect our organizational development and production efficiency. For instance, in our warehouse we have many inventories; these inventories affect our financial balance and increase our organizational financial pressure. Also, for low quality, our products such as clothes, many customers complain our products have many problems. Therefore we must to change our situation, and choose a most suitable and effective operation management. Through our analysis and study we choose to use Lean management to operation our organizational innovation.

We choose lean management to operation our organization and production. According to customer's order we can produce products in time. For example, Jeans is very popular for young people, many young person like have their own jeans, if our customer require 100 jeans, we can produce and deliver products, when our customers need. Because our customers can give us time, quantity and quality of products and service, then we can produce these jeans immediately. This can help us reduce inventories risk. In this production method, we must control every step to ensure production speed, quality, cost and others. Because these points are extremely important for improve company's quality, service and efficiency.

Our product is more variety and little quantity, but if customer needs more products quantity product we can produce these products in time. In this step the customer can tell us what they needs, such as style, color, size, material and others. Then we produce what they need and delivery in time. Because it can help us save more capital and keep no inventory, because if produce more extra products and increase inventory, it will increase company's risk and financial pressure. Hence, control overproduction is lean operation management a main point for company. Also we can establish stable and long-term relationship with our material suppliers. When we need to produce products, our suppliers can supply best material for us more quickly.

服裝企業(yè)的精益管理和掌握客戶需求——Lean management for clothing organization and customer needs

As we all know lean managementis a very advanced operation management. Therefore, how to use this management for clothing organization development is a main issue. For clothing organizations, a larger number of materials are cloth, textile, fine hair and others. Therefore, establish most stable relationship with suppliers is extremely important for company's supply channel. For Toyota, it has many different suppliers for different products and aims. Therefore, for clothing organization we must have more different material suppliers for our organizational production and development, because it will help us have more choices to choose different supply channel for our different situations, also it will help us to reduce costs and improve higher quality material to ensure our products and service. For example, when we need to produce a new produces for our customer's order, we can choose most suitable and effective material from our different supplier, then we must consider more points such as material quality, transport problems, costs, service and others. Then we should choose a most suitable and effective supplier for our products production. Therefore, for lean management most important point is have good and stable suppliers, it is most important for production planning and control.

Control and improve each operation steps are most important for Lean management. For delivery, we must achieve no unnecessary delivery. Because unnecessary delivery will increase cost, risk and reduce production speed. These points are most negative for production; it will affect production efficiency and speed. Hence we must achieve no unnecessary delivery. When our clothing organization received our customers' order, we must purchase production materials from our suppliers more quickly, this mean is we not need to material requirements planning, because if we have more material we must control and manage these material, these material we need to more staffs to manage, also we need a warehouse to keep these materials, hence we must control our material quantity just for our production and customers' order. Therefore, it can help us to save more funds and staffs to reduce financial pressure and improve production efficiency. Now, we can noticed lean management is very flexibility, because when our need, we can purchase material from our suppliers more quickly, and not need more unnecessary materials and waste, also lean management can help us to reduce financial pressure.

Company product design and production are main parts for company business activity. For lean management we must know keep zero inventory, no extra unnecessary production, using resource more effectively, reduce costs and improve quality to achieve minimum input to produce maximum output. Therefore, lean management is a very comprehensive management for many organizations. For our clothing sector we must to following these points to development.

For example, we need to produce 1000 clothes for our customer's order. Therefore, when we get this order, we can purchase these clothes’ material from our suppliers more quickly, then delivery it as soon as possible. According to our customer's requirement, we must control production speed, quality, quantity and others. The most important is we cannot produce extra clothes, because if we produce more clothes, it will increase our inventory and cost, then our risk will be increase and profit will be reduction. Therefore, we must keep no extra production and zero inventory. In production process, our staffs, managers and each sectors' staff must have sense of quality to seek improve quality, reduce costs, improve production efficiency, hence it can help us to ensure our product quality will meet our customer's requirement.

Through use lean management clothing company can improve working and production efficiency, reduce waste and costs to achieve higher profit then to expand our organizational market share, because we can provide more high-quality and more variety products for customers' requirement. Therefore, for organization we should using lean management to improve quality, reduce costs, and enhance technology and others. As we all know, for clothing industry most important is "new fashion style", hence to make our products and design more fashionable and make our brand more popular in fashion clothing industry. We can use lean management to make our product better than other brands.

When a customer wants to purchase a product, he or she must think what he or she need. For instance, in clothing industry when a customer want to buy a clothes, he or she will think many points, such as size, color, style, material and others. Therefore we must know what product our need and what they not need. As we all know each product have value, but if we add some value for some products, maybe it will affect our purpose. Therefore we must consider very carefully. For value adding is activities within a company or supply chain that the customer would be happy to pay for this value adding product. For example, new clothes have a hat, if a customer wants to but this hat, he or she must pay extra 50 pound, this 50 pound is value adding and customer like to pay this money. But if you add some value but the customer do not want to pay this value, this will increase company's financial pressure. Therefore, through lean management we must control our product value adding activity.

For customer, they want more choice and product variety, this is an extremely point for company. As we all know clothing industry, new fashionable products can attract more customers. Therefore, make our product style more fashion and attractive is most important for clothing organization. We must according to our customer's needs to produce our products. Also, we can purchase most suitable and fashionable product and service for our customer. For clothing organization, we living a developing very quickly society, people’s tastes, clothes style are change very quickly, therefore if we produce low variety product and mass quantity will not satisfy market and customers’ needs. Therefore, for our clothing organization, we need to more variety product and low quantity, and change more quickly more different people’s taste.

For example, Evisu is a very famous Japanese jeans brand, when this company established, this company not follow Levi’s mass production. As we all know, Levi’s is a very famous American jeans brand, but Levi’s using mass production, low variety product and mass quantity. However, Evisu using lean operation management, that is more variety product and low quantity, this help Evisu reduce each units cost and earn high profit, according my own researched, Evisu jeans average price is ￡130-￡175, but Levi’s average price just have ￡50-￡75. Levi’s and Evisu their each costs are similar, but Evisu profit higher than Levi’s profit. Also, low quantity production can help organization to improve quality and service for each product. As a clothing organization, we can follow Evisu using lean operation management to achieve reduce costs and improve quality.

The lean management most basic point is JIT techniques that include JIT methods of planning and control, for JIT (just in time) is lean management core point, when our customer gives us product order, then we produce these products in time. For clothing industry, when customer need new clothes, according to their requirement we can produce what they need. In this method we need to improve our product quality and service to satisfy our customer needs, and we need to less waste to reduce each unit cost to reduce costs and ensure quality. Our staff will check each product to ensure our products have good quality, because it can enrich job for our line staff

改進(jìn)機(jī)制和組織程序——Improve mechanisms and the organizational program

For our clothing organization, we can establish different production system departments. This can help our each organizational department more independent and ensure their product quality and service. Therefore, we can provide more better and high quality products for our customers’ requirement. Also, if we have product independent department can improve our product to satisfy our customer’s needs and provide most high quality and more variety products.

For example, for clothing organization, we can establish three departments for different products, clothes, jeans and shoe. These three factories have independent design, management, financial and others power. Each department using lean management can help each department to improve production efficiency and others. For clothes department, this department from material supply and production system are independent. If other departments have some problems, it will not affect other department’s development and production.

Also, if different department have different roles and products, we can help each departments have more professional teamwork members. Such as shoes department, we can train this department staffs and managers to improve their management skills and capacity, for shoes designers they will become more professional to design better product than before. Therefore, it will help our organization to improve our efficiency and reduce wastes and others.

總結(jié)——Conclusion

Through above discuss and analysis, we must know for promote clothing organizational development more effectively we must to choose a most suitable and effective operation management. Therefore, for an organizational manager, how to using lean operation management to improve organizational products quality and service, reduce waste, improve production efficiency is a core issue. However, on the other hand, using lean management to meet our organizational and customers’ need and to improve our organizational production program is most significant for organizational development.

As we discussed, through we used lean management, our clothing organizational many aspects have improved, such as control overproduction, keep no inventory, and improve production efficiency and others. Hence, with the organizational development, we will face many serious problems, but the most important is finding problems and use most effective and useful lean management to save these problems, this is a core points for our organizational sustainable development.