本文關鍵詞：sat閱讀，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

摘要：SAT閱讀簡介 SAT的閱讀部分對中國學生來說是最難對付的了，一是它的 詞匯量要求極大；二是它對時間的要求甚嚴，三是它的問題中有 一些即使翻譯成漢語也是很不好回答的。 sat閱讀部

sat閱讀簡介

　　SAT的閱讀部分對中國學生來說是最難對付的了，一是它的 詞匯量要求極大；二是它對時間的要求甚嚴，三是它的問題中有 一些即使翻譯成漢語也是很不好回答的。

　　sat閱讀部分由3個試卷共65道選擇題組成，均是選擇試題。每道選擇題有五項選擇答案，總測試時間為70分鐘。下表是閱讀試題的一個得分換算表，盡管每次考試的得分表略有不同，但不會有大的變化。表中左面的一列是原始分數(R=C-W)，右面的一列為最終得分。

　　這里，C是英文Correct的縮寫，它代表答對的題目數；W是英文Wrong的縮寫，代表答錯的多項選擇題數乘以1/4后再把結果四舍五入后得到的值。

　　如果一位考生答對了65道題，錯了2道題，那么他的C =65，W=1(2*1/4=0.5, 四舍五入)，所以的R=C-W=65-1=64；由上表得 知該考生的sat閱讀部分的得分是滿分(800分)。由此可見在SAT 考試中盡管你錯了題，但仍然可能得滿分。

　　本節(jié)將通過如下的4部分內容使讀者對SAT閱讀有一個清晰的認識和基本的了解。這4部分是SAT閱讀考核何種能力；SAT閱讀的出題方式；SAT閱讀的特點；sat閱讀的典型試題。

　　一、sat閱讀考核何種能力

　　SAT閱讀不是測試考生掌握了多少文學知識，也不是考核考生掌握了多少修辭技巧，它是通過語言這個媒介測試考生的綜合理解和分析能力，或者更為露骨的說它是在考核考生的智商。在前面我們已經說過今天的SAT考試起源于智商考試，故直至今日sat閱讀試題仍然有智商考試的影子，它注重考核閱讀速度，速記能力，分析能力，快速歸納能力等；而不考核文學常識，修辭方法，組造句等一般的語文內容，可以說這一考試與美國高中4年所學的語文課程沒有什么直接的關聯，也就是說它純粹是能力考試而不是知識考試。這與中國高考的語文考試是大不相同的。
　　
    二、sat閱讀的出題方式

　　在閱讀試卷里有三類試題。第一類是句子填空題，第二類是短文問答題，第三類是長文問答題。

　　1.句子填空試題
　　這類試題分布在兩個試卷中，共有18道。題型是在一個完整的句子里，把一個或兩個詞抽出，并在抽出位置的下面畫上線以示意這里需要填上一個詞。題目要求考生在5組選項中(一個詞或兩個詞)，找出最佳答案。被抽出的詞可能是名詞、動詞或形容詞等；句子也可能是簡單句、并列句或者是復合句。

　　2.短文問答題
　　這類試題存在于兩個試卷中，每張卷子中有兩篇短文，每篇短文有100個詞左右，短文可能是各種題材的段子；兩組短文共8道試題，每個短文各自獨立并有各自不同的問題，問題都是圍繞短文內容提問的。

　　3.長文問答題
　　這類題目是閱讀部分的核心，所占比例最大，在3份試卷中都有長文，它可分為兩種：單獨的長文和對比性文章。單獨的長文長達100行左右，800-900個單詞，并跟有十來道問題；對比性文章是由兩篇文章組成，每篇文章約有40-50行，，400字左右，最后給出一些問題，一些是關于其中一篇文章的，而另一些則是關于兩篇文章的對比關系的。
　　長文通常涉及的問題類型包括：本篇文章的主要觀點及中心主題；在本篇文章中作者對所論述問題的態(tài)度及基本觀點；判斷所閱讀文章的體裁形式；什么是文章中的基本事實；閱讀材料的含義或暗指是什么；難詞、偏詞、怪詞及多義詞在這篇文章中的準確意思是什么等等。

　　三、sat閱讀的特點和應試技巧

　　1.句子填空題
　　由于考試時間緊迫，考生應當遵循先易后難的原則，因為SAT填空試題一般是由易到難的順序出題，故可按題的順序做題。對于位于后面的一些難度比較大的題型，往往很難直接將答案選出，故可大膽采取排除法，將錯誤答案排除，逐漸縮小選擇范圍，最后得出正確答案。

　　2.短文問答題
　　解這類問題時首先不要由于它們短而小看它們。正因為它們短，所以內容比較集中，這就更應該仔細地讀。由于兩篇文章各自獨立互不影響，又沒有關聯到兩篇文章的問題，更主要的是題目少，便于記憶，所以可以先看問題，后看文章。

　　3.長文問答題
　　對于這類題，一般是先看文章后看問題，看文章要弄清楚文章的結構、邏輯關系、作者的態(tài)度等等，還要看出文中的觀點(通常文中的觀點不止一個，因此要搞清楚它們之間的關系，是相互支持還是相互對立)。這種長文章涉及的范圍也很廣，各個學科都可能涉及到，而且專業(yè)詞匯很多，難詞偏詞也不少。由于長文閱讀需要較大的詞匯量，且文章較長，閱讀的時間又很短，所以抓住重點是關鍵，可能你會說把所有的內容都記住不是更好嗎，說實話，這幾乎是不可能的。
　　對于這種閱讀，先看第一篇文章，然后回答與第一篇文章相關的問題，再看第二篇文章，之后回答與第二篇文章相關的問題，最后回答與兩篇文章相關的問題。要牢記找答案的根據是文章里的敘述，而不是你的常識，另外選擇答案中可能有幾個都不錯，這時你要選擇其中你認為比較好的那個。
　　每一篇文章均有其主要觀點或中心主題。這些題往往比較難，望考生在讀文章時就應注意。常見的提問方法有：這篇文章中作者的主要目的是什么？這篇文章主要涉及什么問題？這篇文章主要建議是什么？這篇文章總體上想要回答什么問題等等。

　　四、sat閱讀典型試題

　　為了讓讀者感受一下sat閱讀試題，下面給出了從真題中抽取出的一部分題目，并把它們按類型分成三個組。

　　1.句子填空試題

　　1. Many private universities depend heavily on ---- ---, the wealthy individuals who support them with gifts  and bequests。

　　(A) Instructors   (B) administrators   (C) monitors  
 (D) accountants    (E) benefactors

　　2. One of the characters in Milton Murayama’s novel is considered ------- because he deliberately defies an oppressive hierarchical society。

　　(A) rebellious    (B) impulsive     (C) artistic    
(D) industrious    (E) tyrannical

　　3. Nightjars possess a camouflage perhaps unparalleled in the bird world: by day they roost hidden in shady woods, so ------- with their surroundings that they are nearly impossible to -------。

　　(A) vexed . . dislodge                (B) blended .  . discern 

　　(C) harmonized . . interrupt           (D) impatient  . . distinguish 

　　(E) integrated . . classify

　　4. Many economists believe that since resources are scarce and since human desires cannot all be -------, a method of ------- is needed。

　　(A) indulged . . apportionment     (B) verified . .  distribution

　　(C) usurped . . expropriation      (D) expressed . .  reparation

　　(E) anticipated . . advertising

　　2.短文閱讀試題

　　Questions 5-8 are based on the following passages。

　　Passage 1

　　Line I know what your e-mail in-box looks like, and it isn’t pretty: a babble of come-ons and lies from hucksters　and con artists. To find your real e-mail, you must  wade　through the torrent of fraud and obscenity known  politely　5  as “unsolicited bulk e-mail” and colloquially  as “spam。”

　　In a perverse tribute to the power of the online revolution,we are all suddenly getting the same mail: easy weight loss, get-rich-quick schemes, etc. The crush of these messagesis now numbered in billions per day. “It’s  becoming10  a major systems and engineering and network problem,”says one e-mail expert. “Spammers are gaining  control of the Internet。”

　　Passage 2

　　Many people who hate spam assume that it is  protectedas free speech. Not necessarily so. The United  States15  Supreme Court has previously ruled that individualsmay preserve a threshold of privacy. “Nothing in  the Constitution compels us to listen to or view any unwanted communication, whatever its merit,” wrote Chief  JusticeWarren Burger in a 1970 decision. “We therefore  category-20 cally reject the argument that a vendor has a  right to sendunwanted material into the home of another。” With  regard to a seemingly similar problem, the Telephone  Consumer Protection Act of 1991 made it illegal in the United  Statesto send unsolicited faxes; why not extend the act to include 25 unsolicited bulk e-mail?

　　5. The primary purpose of Passage 1 is to

　　(A) make a comparison

　　(B) dispute a hypothesis

　　(C) settle a controversy

　　(D) justify a distinction

　　(E) highlight a concern

　　6. The primary purpose of Passage 2 is to

　　(A) confirm a widely held belief

　　(B) discuss the inadequacies of a ruling

　　(C) defend a controversial technology

　　(D) analyze a widespread social problem

　　(E) lay the foundation for a course of action

　　7. What would be the most likely reaction by the  author of Passage 1 to the argument cited in lines 16-21  of Passage 2 (“Nothing . . . another”) ?

　　(A) Surprise at the assumption that freedom of 
speech is indispensable to democracy

　　(B) Dismay at the Supreme Court’s vigorous defense 
of vendors’ rights

　　(C) Hope that the same reasoning would be applied to 
all unsolicited e-mail

　　(D) Concern for the plight of mass marketers facing 
substantial economic losses

　　(E) Appreciation for the political complexity of the 
debate about spam

　　8. Unlike the author of Passage 1, the author of  Passage 2

　　(A) criticizes a practice

　　(B) offers an example

　　(C) proposes a solution

　　(D) states an opinion

　　(E) quotes an expert

　　3.長文閱讀試題

　　下面是一篇閱讀長文，由于篇幅原因只列出文章但未給出問 題，作者在此只想讓大家感受一下，若讀者有興趣練習更多的試 題的話，請看其他關于SAT的書籍。

　　Passage 1 is from a 2003 book that examines the  famous“I Have a Dream” speech delivered by Martin Luth  rKing, Jr. at the historic March on Washington in August  1963. Passage 2 is from a 2000 biography of Martin  Luther King, Jr. written by an African American scholar 。

　　Passage 1

　　The ability of the “I Have a Dream” speech to highlight King’s early career at the expense of his later career accounts for the tone of impatience and betrayal that often appears when modern-day supporters of King’s agenda talk about the speech. Former Georgia state legislator Julian Bond said in 1986 that commemorations of King seemed to “focus almost entirely on Martin Luther King the dreamer, not on Martin King the antiwar activist, not on Martin King the challenger of the economic order, not on Martin King the opponent of apartheid, not on the complete Martin Luther King。” One King scholar has proposed a ten-year moratorium on reading or listening to the“I Have a Dream”speech, in the hopes that America will then discover the rest of King’s legacy. This proposal effectively concedes that King’s magnificent address cannot be recovered from the  misuse and over quotation it has suffered since his death. But it is not clear that this is so. Even now, upon hearing the speech, one is struck by the many forms  of King’s genius. Many people can still remember the  first time they heard

　　“I Have a Dream,” and they tend to speak of that memory with the reverence reserved for a religious experience. At the very least, reflecting on the “I Have a Dream” speech should be an opportunity to be  grateful for the astonishing transformation of America that the freedom movement wrought. In just under a decade, the civil rights movement brought down a system of segregation that stood essentially unaltered since Reconstruction. King’s dreams of an America free from racial discrimination are still some distance away, but it is astounding how far the nation has come since that hot August day in 1963. Segregation in the South has been dismantled; there are no longer “Whites Only” signs; segregationist governors do not try to prevent Black children from entering public schools. Toward the end of his life, King preached a sermon entitled “Ingratitude,” in which he called ingratitude “one of the greatest of all sins,” because the sinner “fail[s] to realize his dependence on others。” The annual Martin Luther King holiday is properly a day of national thanksgiving, a time for the nation to recognize the immense debt it owes to King and the thousands of heroes of the civil rights movement for saving the soul of  America。

　　Passage 2

　　Martin Luther King was at his best when he was willing to reshape the wisdom of many of his intellectual predecessors. He ingeniously harnessed their ideas to his views to advocate sweeping social change. He believed that his early views on race failed to challenge America fundamentally. He later confessed that he had underestimated how deeply entrenched racism was in America. If Black Americans could not depend on goodwill to create social change, they had to provoke social change through bigger efforts at nonviolent direct action. This meant that Blacks and their allies had to obtain political power. They also had to try to restructure American society, solving the riddles of poverty and economic inequality. This is not the image of King that is celebrated on Martin Luther King Day. Many of King’s admirers are uncomfortable with a focus on his mature beliefs. They seek to deflect unfair attacks on King’s legacy by shrouding him in the cloth of superhuman heroism. In truth, this shroud is little more than romantic tissue. King’s image has often suffered a sad fate. His strengths have been needlessly exaggerated, his weaknesses wildly overplayed. King’s true legacy has been lost to cultural amnesia. As a nation, we have emphasized King’s aspiration to save America through inspiring words and sacrificial deeds. Time and again we replay the powerful image of King standing on a national stage in the shadow of the Lincoln Memorial mouthing perhaps the most famous four words ever uttered by a Black American: “I have a dream。” For most Americans, those words capture King’s unique genius. They express his immortal longing for freedom, a longing that is familiar to every person who dares imagine a future beyond unjust laws and unfair customs. The edifying universality of those four words—who has not dreamed, and who cannot identify with people whose dreams of a better world are punished with violence?—helps to explain their durability. But those words survive, too, because they comfort folk who would rather entertain the dreams of unfree people than confront their rage and despair。

　　4.試題答案

　　1.(E)    2.(A)    3.(B)   4.(A)  5.(E)   6.(E)  7.(C)    8.(C) 
 

  本文關鍵詞：sat閱讀，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。