本文選題：語(yǔ)言經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) + 模糊限制語(yǔ)　； 參考：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：模糊性一直是自然界的一個(gè)基本現(xiàn)象。自從1965年扎德發(fā)表論文《模糊集》以來(lái),模糊語(yǔ)言學(xué)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生并得到廣泛關(guān)注。在這之后,美國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)家萊考夫于1972年提出了模糊限制語(yǔ)這個(gè)概念。他把模糊限制語(yǔ)定義為“把事物變得模糊的詞語(yǔ)”。模糊限制語(yǔ)是最典型的模糊語(yǔ)言。迄今為止,模糊限制語(yǔ)已經(jīng)被廣泛應(yīng)用于各種社交場(chǎng)合,其中在商務(wù)信函中最為典型。因此,關(guān)于商務(wù)信函中模糊限制語(yǔ)的研究一直得到持續(xù)關(guān)注并取得了許多科研成果。語(yǔ)言是人類經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)活動(dòng)中必不可少的的工具。隨著人力資本理論和教育經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的發(fā)展,語(yǔ)言在經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的地位日益凸顯。直到1965年,信息經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家馬爾沙克首次提出了語(yǔ)言經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論。該理論是一門(mén)新興的跨經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和語(yǔ)言學(xué)的邊緣交叉學(xué)科。語(yǔ)言經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與探求最優(yōu)化的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)有密切關(guān)系。同時(shí),語(yǔ)言具有與其他資源一樣的經(jīng)濟(jì)特性,即價(jià)值、效用、成本和收益。對(duì)于這四個(gè)方面的探討與分析已經(jīng)成為語(yǔ)言經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究的重要內(nèi)容。語(yǔ)言經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)用經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的理論和方法去審視語(yǔ)言學(xué),為語(yǔ)言學(xué)的研究注入了新的活力�；谡Z(yǔ)言經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論,本文對(duì)商務(wù)英文信函中的模糊限制語(yǔ)做了深入分析。一方面,作者通過(guò)定量分析法對(duì)模糊限制語(yǔ)在八種類型的商務(wù)英文信函中的分布情況做了調(diào)查。模糊限制語(yǔ)的分類是依據(jù)普瑞斯等人的研究成果。另一方面,作者通過(guò)定性分析法從語(yǔ)言經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的角度對(duì)商務(wù)英文信函中模糊限制語(yǔ)的經(jīng)濟(jì)特性進(jìn)行了探討。分析框架是依據(jù)馬爾沙克提出的語(yǔ)言的四個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)特性。首先,模糊限制語(yǔ)的價(jià)值特性是依據(jù)它的市場(chǎng)價(jià)值和非市場(chǎng)價(jià)值進(jìn)行分析。第二,模糊限制語(yǔ)的效用特性是依據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的稀缺性和網(wǎng)絡(luò)外部性進(jìn)行分析。第三,模糊限制語(yǔ)的成本特性是從商務(wù)活動(dòng)中溝通成本的角度進(jìn)行分析。最后,模糊限制語(yǔ)的效益特性是根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的理性經(jīng)濟(jì)人和帕累托最優(yōu)進(jìn)行分析�？傊�,本文旨在調(diào)查模糊限制語(yǔ)在商務(wù)英文信函中的分布情況和揭示其經(jīng)濟(jì)特性。本文不僅豐富了語(yǔ)言經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論,也為模糊限制語(yǔ)的研究提供了全新的理論視角。此外,本文也幫助商務(wù)人員弄清商務(wù)英文信函中模糊限制語(yǔ)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效果,促進(jìn)商務(wù)溝通。在商務(wù)英文信函中恰當(dāng)使用模糊限制語(yǔ)不僅維護(hù)了交易者的利益,而且會(huì)促成互利共贏的良好局面。最后,希望本文給讀者一些啟發(fā),為以后相關(guān)研究提供一些借鑒。
[Abstract]:Fuzziness has always been a basic phenomenon in nature. Since Zadeh published his paper Fuzzy set in 1965, fuzzy linguistics has emerged as the times require and received wide attention. After this, American linguist Lakoff put forward the concept of hedges in 1972. He defined hedges as words that make things vague. Hedges are the most typical hedges. So far, hedges have been widely used in various social situations, especially in business letters. Therefore, the research on hedges in business letters has been paid more and more attention and many achievements have been made. Language is an indispensable tool in human economic and social activities. With the development of human capital theory and educational economics, language plays an increasingly important role in economics. Until 1965, the information economist Marshak first put forward the theory of linguistic economics. This theory is a new cross-disciplinary between economics and linguistics. Linguistic economics holds that economics is closely related to the search for optimal linguistic structures. At the same time, language has the same economic characteristics as other resources, namely value, utility, cost and benefit. The discussion and analysis of these four aspects has become an important part of linguistic economics. Linguistic economics uses the theory and method of economics to examine linguistics, which infuses new vitality into the study of linguistics. Based on the theory of linguistic economics, this paper makes an in-depth analysis of hedges in English business letters. On the one hand, the author investigates the distribution of hedges in eight types of English business letters by means of quantitative analysis. The classification of hedges is based on the research results of Prius et al. On the other hand, the author explores the economic characteristics of hedges in English business letters from the perspective of linguistic economics through qualitative analysis. The analytical framework is based on the four economic characteristics of language proposed by Marshack. Firstly, the value characteristics of hedges are analyzed according to their market value and non-market value. Secondly, the utility of hedges is based on the scarcity and network externalities in economics. Thirdly, the cost characteristics of hedges are analyzed from the perspective of communication costs in business activities. Finally, the benefit characteristics of hedges are analyzed according to rational economic man and Pareto optimum in economics. In a word, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the distribution of hedges in English business letters and to reveal their economic characteristics. This thesis not only enriches the theory of linguistic economics, but also provides a new theoretical perspective for the study of hedges. In addition, this paper also helps business people to understand the economic effects of hedges in English business letters and promote business communication. The proper use of hedges in English business letters not only protects the interests of traders, but also contributes to a win-win situation. Finally, I hope this paper can enlighten readers and provide some reference for future research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H313

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