本文關(guān)鍵詞： 和 and 詞類 句法特征 對(duì)比　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】："和"與"and"作為現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)頻率較高的虛詞,一直是語(yǔ)法學(xué)家研究的重點(diǎn)對(duì)象。前人對(duì)"和"的研究主要集中在它的詞性判定,連接成分類型以及與漢語(yǔ)中其它同類連詞的比較研究。對(duì)"and"的研究集中在它的連接成分,它在句中所表達(dá)的語(yǔ)義及其語(yǔ)用功能。然而有關(guān)這兩個(gè)虛詞的對(duì)比研究較少,尤其是缺乏對(duì)二者的語(yǔ)法功能研究。鑒于此,本文采取定量、定性研究及對(duì)比分析的方法,具體分析"and"與"和"的句法屬性,包括二者的語(yǔ)法功能,連接成分的類型及其連接成分的句法特征,并用詞類類型學(xué)的研究成果對(duì)二者在句法結(jié)構(gòu)上的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析,因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言的詞類系統(tǒng)特征會(huì)深刻影響該語(yǔ)言的句法結(jié)構(gòu)。本文的研究問(wèn)題有三個(gè):(1)現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中的"和"的句法特征是什么?(2)現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中的"and"的句法特征是什么?(3)"和"與"and"的句法特征有何異同點(diǎn)?經(jīng)過(guò)研究,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)"和"與"and"在語(yǔ)法功能上有顯著差異。在介詞"和"構(gòu)成的介賓短語(yǔ)中,賓語(yǔ)可由名詞、動(dòng)詞或形容詞充當(dāng),這是因?yàn)樗鼈兌季哂兄阜Q性,共同構(gòu)成漢語(yǔ)的大名詞。"和"所構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)在句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)。當(dāng)"和"為連詞時(shí),它連接的成分既可以是相同的詞類也可以是不同的詞類,并且其連接成分在句法功能上的特點(diǎn)表明了漢語(yǔ)詞類包含的模式。然而,英語(yǔ)中的"and"作為連詞,前后連接的成分必須詞性相同,其連接的詞類對(duì)應(yīng)的句法功能的特點(diǎn)表明英語(yǔ)的詞類呈現(xiàn)出分化的模式。從連接成分的句法層次來(lái)看,"and"連接功能更強(qiáng),因?yàn)樗粌H可以連接詞、短語(yǔ),還可以連接句子,而"和"一般只能連接詞或短語(yǔ)。但"和"自身的詞類特點(diǎn)及其連接的詞類句法功能的多樣性表明"和"更為靈活。二者在詞類特點(diǎn)上表現(xiàn)出一種偏置關(guān)系。英語(yǔ)的剛性詞類特點(diǎn)及漢語(yǔ)的柔性詞類特點(diǎn)是造成漢英兩種語(yǔ)言中詞類句法功能差異的主要原因。本研究不但考察英漢虛詞"and"與"和"的自身詞類特點(diǎn)及分布特征,同時(shí)還觀察了它們的前后連接成分的句法屬性。本研究可以彌補(bǔ)前人研究的不足,為英漢虛詞對(duì)比研究提供新的研究視角和范式,此外,本研究將對(duì)語(yǔ)言教學(xué)、漢英互譯、跨文化交際等學(xué)科提供一定的參考和借鑒。
[Abstract]:As a frequently occurring function word in modern Chinese and English, "he" and "and" have always been the focus of grammatical research. Previous researches on "he" are mainly focused on the determination of its part of speech. A comparative study of the types of connective components and other conjunctions in Chinese. The study of "and" focuses on its connective components. However, there are few contrastive studies on the two function words, especially on their grammatical functions. In view of this, this paper adopts quantitative analysis. Qualitative research and contrastive analysis of the method, the specific analysis of "and" and "he" syntactic attributes, including the grammatical functions of the two, the type of connective components and the syntactic characteristics of the connective components. The characteristics of the two in syntactic structure are analyzed with the research results of part of speech typology. Because the part of speech system features of the language will have a profound impact on the syntactic structure of the language. There are three questions in this study: what are the syntactic features of "he" in modern Chinese? What are the syntactic features of "and" in modern English? What are the similarities and differences between "and" and "and" in syntactic features? Through the study, we find that there are significant differences in grammatical functions between "and" and "and". In prepositions "and", objects can be used by nouns, verbs or adjectives. This is because they are all referential and together form the major nouns in Chinese. "and" prepositional phrases act as adverbials in the sentence. When "he" is a conjunct. Its connective components can be the same or different parts of speech, and the syntactic features of the connective elements indicate the patterns of Chinese speech classes. "and" in English as a conjunction, the elements before and after the connection must be the same as part of speech. The syntactic function of the connected parts of speech indicates that the English parts of speech show a pattern of differentiation. From the syntactic level of the connective components, the "and" join function is stronger because it can not only connect words. You can also connect sentences with phrases. "and" generally can only connect words or phrases. "but" and "their own characteristics of parts of speech and the diversity of the syntactic functions of the parts of speech connected to indicate" and " The rigid part of speech and the flexible part of speech in Chinese and English are the main reasons for the differences in the syntactic functions of parts of speech between Chinese and English. But a study of English and Chinese function words " The characteristics and distribution of and's own parts of speech. This study can make up for the shortcomings of previous studies and provide a new perspective and paradigm for the contrastive study of English and Chinese function words. In addition, this study will provide a new perspective for language teaching. Chinese-English translation, cross-cultural communication and other disciplines provide some reference and reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H146.3;H314.3

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